Rongorongon Te Moan Mii ni Burabeti

Taraakina ni kabuta

E koreia n ana rongorongo Iotebwa Timiti bwa e kaoti te Atua te Tama ao Iesu Kristo n te buakonikai irarikin mweengaia ana karo i maeaon Niu Ioki ngke te 14 ana ririki ni maiu. N tabeaiangana n ana bure ao n aki ataan te kawai n tamnei ae e na toua, E ukora kairana Iotebwa Timiti man irirakin botaki n taromauri, warekan koroboki aika tabu, ao te tatataro. Ni kaekana, e karekea te kaotioti mai karawa. Iotebwa Timiti e tibwa ao man taua mwiin te Moan Mii ni Burabeti, ngkai e ataaki, inanon taai aika a mwaiti; e korea ke e mwiokoia ana tia koroboki bwa a na korei aua rongorongo ni mii ni burabeti aika a kakaokoro.

Iotebwa Timiti e korei uoua rongorongon te Moan Mii ni Burabeti inanon ana tai ni maiu. Teuana mai buakon aikai, are e ataaki n te bong aei bwa Iotebwa Timiti—Rongorongo, a kawakinaki inanon te Bwaeao ae Bati Boona ao man riki bwa te rongorongo ae moan te ataaki. Uoua rongorongo aika a aki boretiaki, ake a tauaki mwiina ni moan riki rongorongon Iotebwa Timiti ao imwiina te tieno are a manuokinaki taekaia ni karokoa a manga kuneaki irouia taan ukeuke iaon karaki ngkoa ake a mwakuri ibukin Ana Ekaretia Iesu Kristo ibukiia Aika Itiaki ni Boong aika Kaitira ao a boretiaki n te 1960. Man te tai anne, a tia beeba akanne ni kaokiokaki mamaroroakinaia n ana maekatiin te Ekaretia, man mwakuriaki boretiakiia n oin ana tabo ni boreti te Ekaretia ao taabo ake iai rekerekeia ma te Ekaretia, ao mairouia taan rabakau Aika Itiaki n taabo riki tabeua.¹ N raonaki ma moan rongorongo, iai naba nimaua kabwarabwa ibukin ana kaotioti Iotebwa Timiti ake a koreaki irouia ake kaain ana roro.²

Kakaokoron rongorongon te Moan Mii ni Burabeti e kaota booraoin te karaki, e ngae ngke a kaokoro aron tein te kantaninga iai ma kabwarabwaraana. A kantaningaia taan taui mwiin rongorongon karaki ngkoa bwa ngkana e karaki temanna n taekin bwaai ake e rinanona ni kaineti nakoia taan ongora aika a kakaokoro ibukin ririki aika a bwakanako, te rongorongo teuana e na katuruturuaki iaon aekan nako namakin ao ni mwanewei rongorongo aika a kakawaki. Ni koauana raoi, kakaokoro ake a booraoi ma tain te Moan Mii ni Burabeti a teimatoa n tiku inanon rongorongo aika mwaiti ni koroboki aika tabu n aekan te kaotioti nakon Bauro ni kawaina nako Tamateko ao n are a namakinna Abotoro ni Maungan te Onikaki.³ Ma irarikin te kakaokoro, e bon teimatoa ni booraoi te rongorongo iaon nako taekan te Moan Mii ni Burabeti. Iai aika a tia ni kaairua n aia uneaki n taku bwa kakaokoron te karaki bon kakoauaan te kario. Ni kaaitara aio, oin karaki ake ngkoa e anganiira te kona n reiakina riki taekan kamimin bwaai aika a riki nakon are ti kona ngke arona bwa aki koreaki raoi mwiia.

Rongorongon te Moan Mii ni Burabeti

Rongrongon nako te Moan Mii ni Burabeti iroun Iotebwa Timiti ao ake a koreaki irouia kaain ana roro e bon tannako ma rongorongona ma kanoana are e roota aron manga taekinana, tibwaana ao raweana. A maroroakinaki rongorongo aikai i nano.

1832 Rongorongo. Moan rongorongon te Moan Mii ni Burabeti, te moan rongorongo are e koreaki n tabonibain Iotebwa Timiti, e kuneaki inanon te rongorongo ae kimototo ae aki boretiaki, iaon rongorongon Iotebwa Timiti are e kaotinakoaki n nuukan 1832. N te rongorongo, ao Iotebwa Timiti e kabwarabwara ana atatai iaon ana bure ao n aki raunnanona ni kona ni kunea te Ekaretia are e booraoi taekana ma are e a tia ni wareka rongorongona n te Nu Tetamenti ao are e na kairia nakon te kamaiuaki. E katuruturua ana Mwakuri ni Kamaiu Kristo ao ana kamaiu ae e anga. E koroia bwa “te Uea” e kaoti nakoina ao e kabwarai ana bure. Bwa imwiin te kaotioti, Iotebwa e namakina te kimwareirei ao te tangira, n aron, ae e koroia, e aki kona ni kunea temanna are e na kakoaua ana rongorongo. Wareka rongorongon 1832 ikai.

1835 Rongorongo. N tain bwakan baanikai n te 1835, Iotebwa Timiti e kaota taekan ana Moan Mii ni Burabeti nakon Robert Matthews, te iruwa ae roko i Kirtland, Ohio. Manga karakinana, are e koreaki n ana tienoro Iotebwa mairoun ana tia koroboki ae Warren Parrish, e katuruturua ana konamaki ni kan ataia bwa enga te Ekaretia ae eti, te kaaitara are e namakinna n ana tai n tataro, ao kaotin temanna ae mimitong are e rimwiaki iroun are temanna n te tai ae e aki maan. N te rongorongo aei ao e kaoti naba taekaia anera ake a kaoti n tain te kaotioti. Wareka rongorongon 1835 ikai.

1838 Rongorongo. E rangi n ataaki karakinan te Moan Mii ni Burabeti irouia Aika Itiaki ni boong aikai n te rongorongo are n 1838. E moan boretiaki n 1842 n te Times and Seasons, ana nutibeebwa te Ekaretia i Nauvoo, Illinois, te rongorongo boni mwakoron rongorongo ngkoa ake a taekinaki iroun Iotebwa Timiti imarenan taai ni kakaitara. Ao te rongorongo are n 1932 e katuruturuaki riki iaon oin rogorongon Iotebwa Timiti n ana tai n ataei ngke e ukeukera iai kabwaraan ana bure, te rongorongo are n 1838 e boboto iaon te kaotioti are e a moanaki ma iai “teiraken ao waakin te Ekaretia.” N aron te rongorongon are n 1935, boton te titiraki iaon te kabwarabwara bwa e ngaa te Ekaretia ae e koaua. Wareka rongorongon 1838 ikai.

1842 Rongorongo. E koreaki ni kaekaan ana bubuti te eteta n te Chicago Democrat ae John Wentworth ibukin rongorongoia Aika Itiaki, te rongorongo aio e boretiak n te Times and Seasons n 1842. (Te “Wentworth letter,” n aron ae e rangi n ataaki, ngaia naba ae nako mai iai Taekan te Onimaki.)⁴ Te rongorongo, are e katauaki boretiakina ibukiia taan wareware ake aki mataata n ana koaua te Moomon, e bon kimototo ao e mataata. N aron rongorongo ake mai mwaina, e taekinna Iotebwa Timiti te nanououa are e rinanona ao kaotiia uoman aomata ni kaekaan ana tataro. N te ririki are imwiina, Iotebwa Timiti e kanakoa te rongorongo aio ma bitaki aika a uarereke nakon te tia ukeuke iaon karaki ngkoa ae Israel Daniel Rupp, are e boretia bwa te mwakoro teuana n ana boki, He Pasa Ekklesia [Te Ekaretia ae Bwanin]: Moan Rongorongon Aaro n Taai Aikai aika Iai ni Mwakoron nako Amerika.⁵ Wareka rongorongon 1842 ikai.

Kauoua n Rongorongo. Irarikin rongorongo aikai mairoun Iotebwa Timiti, nimaua rongorongo ake a koreaki irouia kain ana roro ake a ongo taekinan te kaotioti iroun Iotebwa Timiti. Warekii rongorongo aikai ikai.

Kakauntaeka ni Kaeineti ma Rongorongon ana Moan Mii ni Burabeti Iobebwa Timiti

Kakaokoron ao mwaitin rongorongon te Moan Mii ni Burabeti e a tia ni kairiia taan kakaitara n titiraki ngkana ana kabwarabwara Iotebwa Timiti e bon booraoi ma koauan te bwai are e rinanona. Uoua kaaitara aika aki toki ni kabonganaaki ni kaaitara aron onimakinana: te moan titiraki e kaeineti ma tein ana ururing Iotebwa Timiti iaon te bwai ae riki; te kauoua n titiraki bwa tao e karakarakai mwakoron taian rongorongon inanon taai ake e taekin iai.

Te ururing. Teuana kaitaran rongorongon ana Moan Mii ni Burabeti Iotebwa Timiti a bukinna bwa kakoaua man rongorongo ni kawai aki boutoka ana kabwarabwara Iotebwa Timiti iaon manga kamaiuan Aaro i Palmyra, Nui Ioki, ao taabo akana a katobibia n te ririki 1820. Tabeman a taku bwa aio e kamwangora ana koaua Iotebwa Timiti are iai te ingainga n nano nakon te aro ao te rongorongo i bon iaon te kaotioti.

Kakoaua man kukune ake a reke a kamatoai ana rongorongo Iotebwa Timiti n taekan manga kamaiuan aaro. Te tabo are e maeka iai e tanoata taekana ibukin te ingainga n nano nakon te aro ao ngaia teuana te tabo ae korakora iai manga kamaiuan te aro. Taan ukeuke iaon rongorongo ngkoa a taekina te tabo bwa “te mwakoro n aba ae urarake” ibukina bwa taan kabwarabwara a kabutai taabo nako ni bon waakin aia aaro ao ni karekeia taan rairaki ni moan te ririki 1800.⁶ N Tuun 1818, n te katooto, a booa aia kaembwa kaain te Aro ae te Methodist i Palmyra, ao imwiina n tain te kabuebue, e manga booa naba ana boowi te Aro ae te Methodist i Vienna (ngkai ai Phelps), Niu Ioki, 15 te maaire raroana ma aia onaroka te utu ae te Timiti. Ana tieeno te tia kabwarabwara ae mwamwananga man te Aro ae te Methodist e koroi angiin waakin te ingaingannano n taekan te aro n ana mwakoro Iotebwa Timiti n te ririki 1819 ao 1820. A taekinna bwa Reverend George Lane, te minita n te aro ae te Methodist, e mena n taabo akanne n ririki akana uoua n tataekina “ana kawai te Atua ni manga Katea te Aro.”⁷ Kakoaua ni bwaai aika riki rimoa a boraoi ma ana kabwarabwara Iotebwa Timiti. E taku bwa te ingaingannano ae kamiimi ni waakin te aro n ana tabo ”e waaki man te Aro ni Methodist.” Eng,, e bon taekinna Iotebwa bwa e a moana ”iran te bootaki” ae te Methodist.⁸

Te Karakaraka. Te kauoua ni kakauntaeka ae e aki toki ni mwaneweaki ni kaeineti ma rongorongon te Moan ni Mii ni Burabeti nakon Iotebwa Timiti bwa e karakarakai rongorongo n tain taekinaia. Te kakauntaeka aio e boboto iaon uoua kabwarabwara: mwaitin ao noraia aomata mai karawa are e taekinna Iotebwa Timiti bwa e nooria. Ana rongorongo Iotebwa Timiti n te Moan Mii ni Burabeti e kabwarabwaraia kaain karawa n te aro ae e mataata inanon taai aika mwaiti. N te rongorongo are n 1832 e taku, “E kauka Karawa iaou te Uea ao I noora te Uea.” N ana rongorongo n te ririki 1838 e taku, ”I nooria uoman Aomata,” temanna e kabwarabwara are temanna n aron “Natiu ae Tangiraki.” Ao n tokina, taan kaaitaraa a taekinna bwa Iotebwa Timiti e moan taekinna bwa e noora temanna—“te Uea”—ao e motikia bwa e a tia n noora te Tama ao te Nati.⁹

Iai riki kawai, aika a teimatoa n riki bwa nooran te koaua. E riai ni butimwaeaki bwa iai te boraoi mai imoan te rongorongo: teniua man aua rongorongo a kaotiia raoi bwa uoman aomata aika a kaoti nakon Iotebwa Timiti n te Moan Kaotioti. Te kaokoro bon ana rongorongon Iotebwa Timiti n te ririki 1832, are e kona ni warekaki bwa e kananonaa temanna ke uoman aomata. Ngkana e warekaki bwa e kaineti ma temanna mai karawa, e taraa n ae bon nakon te aomata are e kabwarai ana bure. Ni kaeineti ma rongorongo ake imwiina, te moan aomata ae mimitong e tuanga Iotebwa Timiti bwa e na “ongo” iroun te kauoman, Iesu Kristo, are e taekina boton te rongorongo, are kanoana naba rongorongon kabwaraan bure.¹⁰ Ana rongrongo Iotebwa Timiti n te ririki 1832 e kona n ae e boboto iaon Iesu Kristo, te tia kabwarai buure.

Teuana naba aron warekan te rongorongo are n 1832 bwa Iotebwa Timiti e taekiniia uoman aomata, are ngaiia ni kauoman e araniia bwa “Te Uea.” Te kakauntaeka are iaon karakaan te rongorongo e nako iaon te kantaninga ae te rongorongo are n te ririki 1832 e kabwarabwara taekan ae ti temanna te aomata ae mimitong ni kaoti. Ma te rongorongo are n 1832 e aki taekinna bwa e kaoti ti temanna. Taraia bwa uoua taeka aika kaineti ibukin “te Uea” a kakaokoro kabonganakiia n te tai anne: te moan “te Uea” e kauka karawa; ao imwiina Iotebwa Timiti e noora ”te Uea.” Ni warekan te rongorongo aio e booraoi ma ana rongorongo Iotebwa Timiti n te ririki 1835, are e kaoti temanna te aomata moa, n rimwiaki ma kaotin are temanna imwiina. Te rongorongo are n te ririki 1832, ngkanne, e kona ni warekaki n nanonaki bwa Iotebwa e noora temanna are e a manga kaota riki are temanna ao e taekiniia aika uoman aikai bwa “te Uea”: “te Uea e kauka karawa nakoiu ao I noora te Uea.”¹¹

Rikiraken aron ana kabwarabwara Iotebwa ae e rang n onoti e kona n riki bwa te wareware ae anainano bwa kakoauaan rikiraken ana atatai ae nano, ao ni boboto iaon te bwai are e a tia n rinanona. Irarikina, te kaokoro imarenan te rongorongo are n te 1832 ma aika ngkai e kona n riki man kakaokoron te koroboki ao te taeka are e taekinaki. Te rongorongo are n 1832 e tei ibukin te moan tai are e kakataia iai Iotebwa Timiti ni bon korea rongorongona. N te ririki naba anne, e koroia nakon raoraona bwa e namakina ae kanga e kabureaki “n te beeba te ben ao te ingke ao te taetae ae e aki nakoraoi ni mangaongao ao man aki eti.” E aran taeka ake a koreaki bwa te ”auti ni kaikain ae uarereke man wariki.”¹² Butanakon rongorongo ake imwiina riki e bon rangi ni bebete te mataata iai ao ni butimwaeaki ngkana ti ataia bwa a bon taekinaki ao n tauaki mwiia—te kawai ae e bebete iroun Iotebwa Timiti ao temanna are e rawei mwiin taeka ake a nako.

Kabaneana

Iotebwa Timiti e kaokiokia n taekina te bwai are e rinanona ae te kaotioti ae kamimiin iaon te Atua te Tama ao Natina, Iesu Kristo. Bwa koauan te moan kaotioti ke rongorongo ni kakauntaeka ake a kaitaraa a na kona ni kaotaki raoi koauaia man tii te kakae iaon rongorongon ngkoa. N ataakin koauan ana kakoaua Iotebwa Timiti e kantaningaaki te tia ukeuke n tatabemaniia ake a bon ukoukora raoi te koaua bwa a na kamatebwaia koauan te rongorongo ao ni kamwakura onimakinan te Atua bwa e na kaota koauan te rongorongo. Ngkana te tia ukeuke e kakae ma te nano ni koaua ni mwakuri iaon kaeka ake a kaotaki iroun te Tamnei ae e Raoiroi, te kakoaua iaon miin Iotebwa Timiti e na kaotaki. N te aro aio, aomata n tatabemaniia nako a kona n ataia bwa Iotebwa Timiti e taetae ma te koaua ngke e kaotia bwa “ I a tia n noora te kaotioti, I ataia, I ataia bwa e ataia te Atua, ao I aki kona ni kakewea.”¹³

Te Ekaretia e kaota kinaan mwakuri ake aanga taan rabakau iaon taeka n rongorongon ngkoa ake a oti n te rongorongo aio; e kabonganaaki aia mwakuri man aia kariaia.

E moan boretiaki n Nowembwa 2013.

Atun Rongorongo aika Irekereke

• Kaekaan Titiraki ibukin te Euangkerio

• Taian Atua

• Te Atua te Tama

• Iesu Kristo

• Iotebwa Timiti

• Kaokan te Ekaretia

• Kaokan te Nakoanibonga

Koroboki Aika Tabu

Okiran Rongorongo ibukin Booki aika tabu

• Iotebwa Timiti—Rongorongo

Witeo

“Kaokan Bwaai”

“Iotebwa Timiti: te Burabeti ibukin Kaokan Bwai”

“Mission Preparation Track 14: Gordon B. Hinckley”

Bwaai n Ibuobuoki n Reirei

Bwaai n Ibuobuoki ni Kabuta

“History, circa Summer 1832,” The Joseph Smith Papers

“Journal, 1835–1836,” The Joseph Smith Papers

“History, circa June 1839–circa 1841 [Draft 2],” The Joseph Smith Papers

“‘Church History,’ 1 March 1842,” The Joseph Smith Papers

“‘Latter Day Saints,’ 1844,” The Joseph Smith Papers

“Primary Accounts of Joseph Smith’s First Vision of Deity,” The Joseph Smith Papers

Ana Maekatiin te Ekaretia

“Preparing for the Restoration,” Ensign, June 1999

“Book of Mormon Personalities Known by Joseph Smith,” Ensign, December 1983

1. Taraa, n aron te katooto, James B. Allen, “Eight Contemporary Accounts of the First Vision—What Do We Learn from Them?” Improvement Era, 73 (1970): 4–13; Richard L. Anderson, “Joseph Smith’s Testimony of the First Vision,” Ensign, Apr. 1996, 10–21; Milton V. Backman, Joseph Smith’s First Vision: The First Vision in Its Historical Context (Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1971; 2nd ed., 1980); Steven C. Harper, Joseph Smith’s First Vision: A Guide to the Historical Accounts (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2012).

2. Ni kabane rongorongo aikai a manga karaoaki n Dean C. Jessee, “The Earliest Documented Accounts of Joseph Smith’s First Vision,” in John W. Welch, ed., with Erick B. Carlson, Opening the Heavens: Accounts of Divine Manifestations, 1820–1844 (Provo and Salt Lake City: Brigham Young University Press and Deseret Book, 2005), 1–33.

3. Makuri 9:3–9; 22:6–21; 26:12–18; Mataio 17:1–13; Mareko 9:2–13; Ruka 9:28–36.

4. Bwanin te reta e kona ni kuneaki n ana boki Iotebwa Timiti “Rongorongon te Ekaretia,” Times and Seasons 3 (Maati. 1, 1842): 706–10.

5. Joseph Smith, “Latter Day Saints,” in I. Daniel Rupp, He Pasa Ekklesia: An Original History of the Religious Denominations at Present Existing in the United States (Philadelphia: J. Y. Humphreys, 1844), 404–10.

6. Whitney R. Cross, The Burned-Over District: The Social and Intellectual History of Enthusiastic Religion in Western New York, 1800–1850 (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1950); Paul E. Johnson, A Shopkeeper’s Millennium: Society and Revivals in Rochester, New York, 1815–1837 (New York: Hill and Wang, 1983); Nathan O. Hatch, The Democratization of American Christianity (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989).

7. Benajah Williams diary, July 15, 1820, copy in Church History Library, Salt Lake City; spelling regularized.

8. 1838 account (Iotebwa Timiti—Rongorongo 1:5, 8).

9. 1832 account (Joseph Smith History, ca. Summer 1832, 3, in Joseph Smith, “Letter Book A,” Joseph Smith Collection, Church History Library, Salt Lake City); 1838 account (Iotebwa Timiti—Rongorongo 1:17).

10. 1838 account (Iotebwa Timiti—Rongorongo 1:17); 1835 account (Joseph Smith, “Sketch Book of the use of Joseph Smith, jr.,” Journal, Nov. 9–11, 1835, Joseph Smith Collection, Church History Library, Salt Lake City.

11. 1832 account (Joseph Smith History, ca. Summer 1832, 3, in Joseph Smith, “Letter Book A,” Joseph Smith Collection, Church History Library, Salt Lake City).

12. Joseph Smith to William W. Phelps, Nov. 27, 1832, Joseph Smith Collection, Church History Library, Salt Lake City; available at www.josephsmithpapers.org.

13. 1838 account (Iotebwa Timiti—Rongorongo 1:25).