Fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e Tohi Hivá
Ko e taumuʻa ʻo e tohi hivá ni ke akoʻi ʻaki ki he fānaú ʻa e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí ʻo fakafou ʻi he hivá.
Founga Akoʻi ʻo ha Foʻi Hiva ki he Fānaú
ʻE ako ʻa e fānaú ke nau hivaʻi ha foʻi hiva ʻaki haʻanau fanongo ki hano toutou hivaʻi. Hanga ʻo kamata hono akoʻi ha foʻi hiva ki he fānaú ʻaki haʻo hivaʻi ange kia kinautolu. Fakakau mai ʻa e fānaú ʻaki haʻo fai ange ha ngaahi fehuʻi fekauʻaki mo e foʻi hivá ke fakatupu ai haʻanau fakakaukauʻi ʻa e foʻi hivá.
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Tomuʻa ʻiloʻi ʻe koe ʻa e foʻi hivá.Feangainga mo hono fakaleá pea mo hono fasí ʻaki haʻo tā ia ʻi he pianó, fanongo ki ai ʻi ha tepi, pe ko haʻo kumi ha taha ke ne hivaʻi pe tā atu.
Fakakaukauʻi pe ko e hā ʻa e pōpoaki ʻoku ʻomai ʻe hono fakaleá. Fehuʻi pē kiate koe pe ko e hā ha founga te ke lava ʻo fakaʻaongaʻi ai ha ngaahi fakamoʻoni folofola ʻi he ʻosi ʻa e foʻi hivá, ʻi he taimi ʻokú ke teuteu ai ke akoʻí. Fakatokangaʻi ha ngaahi foʻi lea mahuʻinga ʻoku ongo tatau, pea pehē ki ha ngaahi foʻi lea he ʻikai mahino ki he fānaú pe ʻe faingataʻa ke nau puʻaki. Fakatokangaʻi ʻa e sīpinga ʻo e fasí mo hono taimí he te ne ʻai ke faingofua ange ai hono ako ʻo e foʻi hivá. Toutou ako ʻa e foʻi hivá kae ʻoua kuó ke maʻu lelei.
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Fokotuʻu haʻo palani.
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Puke e tokanga ʻa e fānaú—ʻaki ha faʻahinga meʻa, fakatātā, potu folofola, talanoa ʻo ha meʻa ne hoko, pe ko haʻo kiʻi fanafana.
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Poupouʻi ʻa e fānaú ke nau fakafanongo ki he foʻi hivá. Fai ʻa e ngaahi fehuʻi ko ē te ne tokoniʻi ʻa e fānaú ke mahino kiate kinautolu ʻa e pōpoaki ʻo e ongoongoleleí—Fakalea ʻa e ngaahi fehuʻí ʻi ha founga ko ē ʻe lava ai ʻe he fānaú ke maʻu ʻa e talí ʻi haʻo hivaʻi ʻa e foʻi hivá.
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Fakaafeʻi ʻa e fānaú ke nau hivaʻi ʻa e ngaahi kupuʻi lea ko ia ʻoku nau ʻomai ʻa e tali ki he ngaahi fehuʻí. Fulifulihi ʻa e taimí mo e leʻo lahí ke toe mahino ange. Kole ki he fānaú ke nau fanongo ki he anga ʻo ʻenau hivaʻí ʻo ʻoua naʻa tā ha meʻalea. ʻAi ʻa e fānaú ke nau tangutu hangatonu mo tokanga.
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Fai hoʻo fakamoʻoní pē ko haʻo lau ange ha ngaahi fakamoʻoni ʻoku hā ʻi he folofolá.
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Founga ke Fulifulihi Ai Hono Hivaʻí
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Ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi lea ko ē te ne lava ke ʻai ʻa e ngaahi foʻi hivá ke toe fekauʻaki lelei ange mo e faʻahinga meʻa ʻoku faí.
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Akoʻi ʻa e ngaahi hivá fakataha mo hono ngaahi founga fakatātā ʻoku fokotuʻu atú, pe ko haʻo ʻai ʻa e fānaú ke nau tokoni atu ʻi hano faʻu ha ngaahi founga fakatātā ki he ngaahi konga ʻoku fakahaaʻi atú.
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Vaheʻi ha fanga kiʻi kulupu ke nau hivaʻi ha ngaahi konga kehekehe ʻo e hivá pe ko e ngaahi vēsí.
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Ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi hiva ko ē ʻoku hivaʻi taufetuli ai ha kupú.
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Hivaʻi ha ngaahi foʻi hiva kuo hoko ua pe hoko tolu ka ʻoku tatau pē ʻa e ngaahi pōpoaki ʻoku hā aí.
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ʻAi ha taha ʻo e fānaú ke hiva tokotaha, pe ko ha kulupu ke nau hiva ko ha kau hiva.
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ʻAi e fānaú ke nau ngūngū pe hivaʻi ha ngaahi foʻi hiva ke hoko ko ha hiva talitali pea toki fai ʻa e fakatahá.
Founga Tā ʻo ha Hivá
Ko hoʻo loto ʻaki, mo hoʻo teuteu, pea mo hoʻo fakamoʻoní, ʻe tokoni ia ke ne fakamālohia e fakamoʻoni ʻa e fānaú ki he ongoongoleleí.
ʻI hono kamata ako ko ia ʻe he fānaú ʻa e foʻi hivá, tokoniʻi ke nau lava ʻo muimui ki he fakahinohino ʻo e fasí ʻaki haʻo tā ia ʻi ha founga faingofua. ʻOku fakahoko ʻeni ʻaki haʻo tā hangatonu pē ki lalo ho nimá mo foki hake ʻo fakatatau mo hono taimí. ʻE lava pē foki ke kiʻi ngaue ki tafaʻaki mo tafaʻaki ho nimá ke fakamahinoʻi ʻaki ʻa e lōloa ʻo e ngaahi notá, fakatātaaʻi mo e vave ʻo e fasí pea mo hono taá.
Ko hono maʻu pē ʻe he fānaú ʻa e foʻi hivá, peá ke toki foki leva ʻo ngāueʻaki hono founga tā totonu ʻa ia ʻoku hā ʻi he peesi hoko maí, pe te ke fakatou ngāueʻaki pē ʻa e founga tā hiva faingofuá mo hono founga tā totonú.
Founga Tā ʻo ha Meʻalea Tokoní
ʻE kaunga lahi ʻaupito hono founga tā ʻo ha meʻalea tokoni ki ha foʻi hiva, ki he founga ʻe hivaʻi ai ʻe he fānaú iá. ʻOku totonu ke ne tokoniʻi ʻa e ngaahi leʻó kae ʻikai ke lomekina ia.
Ko e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi hiva ʻi he tohí ni, ʻo hangē ko e ngaahi hiva fekauʻaki mo e lotú, ʻoku nau feʻunga ke ngāue ʻaki ki he hiva talitalí mo e hiva he ʻosi ʻa e fakatahá. ʻE tokoni hono tā ʻo e ngaahi hiva ʻoku teu ako ʻe he fānaú, ʻi he taimi tatali ki he fakatahá, ke nau feangainga ange ai mo hono ongó.
Hiki Tatau ʻo e Mūsiká
ʻOku ngofua pē ke hiki ha tatau ʻo e ngaahi hiva ko ē ʻoku hā ai ʻa e fakatokanga © (taʻú) IRI, mo e ngaahi hiva ʻoku ʻikai hā ai ha fakatokanga fekauʻaki mo e maʻu mafai pulusí, pea mo ha ngaahi fakamatala fakalūkufua kehe pē ʻi he tohí ni ʻo fakaʻaongaʻi ki ha ngaahi meʻa faka-Siasi pe fakaʻapi ʻoku ʻikai fakakomēsialé. Ko e ngaahi hiva ko ē ʻoku paaki fakataha mo e kupuʻi lea “ʻE lava ke hiki hano tatau ki he ngaahi meʻa faka-Siasi mo fakaʻapi ʻoku ʻikai fakakomēsialé” ʻe lava ʻo hiki hano tatau ki he ngaahi meʻa ko ia ʻoku fakamahinoʻi atu ʻoku ngofua ki aí. Kapau ʻoku ʻasi atu fakataha ha foʻi hiva mo ha fakatokanga ʻa e maʻu mafai pulusí, kuo pau leva ke hā ʻa e maʻu mafai pulusí ʻi he tatau kotoa pē ʻoku ʻaí.
Ko e ngaahi hiva ko ia ʻi he peesi 28 mo e 118, ʻoku puleʻi ia ʻe he fakataputapu ʻo e maʻu mafai pulusí pea kuo pau ke ʻoua naʻa hiki hanau tatau.
Fōtunga ʻo e Tohi Hivá
Fakaʻilonga ki hono vavé
ʻOku fokotuʻu ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga ko ʻení ʻi ʻolunga ʻi he tafaʻaki toʻohema ʻo e hivá takitaha ke hoko ko ha fakahinohino ki hono vavé. Hangē ko ʻení,
Tā Teuteu ʻOku Hā he Haʻí
Ko e ngaahi haʻi ko ē ʻoku fokotuʻu atu ai ha tā teuteú, ʻoku fokotuʻu atu ia ʻi ʻolunga ʻi he laine ʻa e fasí ʻo kapau ʻoku ʻikai hiki atu ha konga tā teuteu ʻo e foʻi hivá.
Tuʻunga ʻo e ʻUluʻulutuhú
Ko e ngaahi fika ki he tuʻunga ʻo e ʻuluʻulutuhú ʻoku faʻa meimei tuʻu ia ki he tafaʻaki fakatoʻohemá ʻo ʻi lalo siʻi hifo pē ʻi he notá. ʻOku tokoni ʻeni ke ʻiloʻi ai ʻa e tuʻunga ke kamata ai ʻa e nimá, tala mo e taimi ke fetongi aí, pea mo fokotuʻu mai foki mo ha ngaahi founga ke tā ai ʻa e ngaahi konga ʻoku faingataʻá.
ʻUhinga ʻo e Ngaahi Fakaʻilongá mo e Ngaahi Foʻi Leá
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Ko e sitafu (staff) ʻoku hā ai ʻa e fakaʻilonga hiva ki he faʻahi ʻa tangatá bass clef ʻoku faʻa kau maʻu pē ai ʻa e nota ke tā ʻe he nima hemá, ʻo ʻi lalo he 3 (middle C).
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Ko e sitafu (staff) ʻoku hā ai ʻa e fakaʻilonga hiva ki he faʻahi ʻa fefiné treble clef ʻoku faʻa kau ai ʻa e fasí mo e nota ke tā ʻe he nima mataʻú, ʻi ʻolunga he 3 (middle C).
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Ko e fakaʻilonga taimí time signature ʻoku ʻoatu ia ʻi muʻa ʻi he kamataʻanga pē ʻo e foʻi hivá takitaha. Ko e fika ʻi ʻolungá ʻokú ne tala ʻa e lahi ʻo e tā ki he foʻi paá takitaha. Ko e fika leva ʻi laló ʻokú ne tala pe ko e hā ʻa e faʻahinga nota ki he foʻi tā. In this example, the 4 means that every quarter note gets one beat.
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Ko e fakaʻilonga fakanatulá natural sign ʻokú ne kaniseli ʻa e sāpá pe falatí.
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Ko e nota tuʻu-lōtolú triplet,, ʻoku taaʻi ʻa e foʻi notá ʻe tolu ʻi loto ʻi he foʻi tā pē ʻe taha. (Vakai “Ulo Atu”, p. 96.)
- 8va
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Ko e 8va ʻi ʻolunga he sitafu ʻi ʻolungá ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ke ke tā ʻa e notá ʻi he ʻokativi hoko hifo mei ʻolungá.
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fermata ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ki ha kiʻi mālōlō pe pukepuke ai. ʻOku faʻa pukepuke ʻa e notá ʻi ha ongo meimei vaeua ʻo e nota totonú.
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Accents ʻokú ne talamai ke fakamamafaʻi hono hivaʻi ʻo e ngaahi nota pe ongo ko iá.
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Ko ha fakaʻilonga sitakato staccato ʻi ʻolunga pe ʻi lalo ʻi ha foʻi nota ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ke taaʻi fefeka ʻe he tokotaha tā pianó ʻa e foʻi notá.
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ʻOku tuʻu atu ha slur ʻi he taimi ʻoku ngāueʻaki ai ha foʻi tā ʻe ua ki ha foʻi silapa pē ʻe taha.
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Ko e konga hiva ko ia ʻoku tuʻu ʻi ha repeat bars ʻoku taaʻi tuʻo ua ia. Kapau ko e fakaʻilonga pē ʻe taha ʻoku fokotuʻu mai aí, pea foki ʻo toe kamata mei he kamataʻanga ʻo e foʻi hivá.
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Ko e tie (ʻi ha ongo foʻi nota ka ʻoku tā pē ʻe taha) ʻokú ne tala atu ʻoku totonu ke ke tā pe hivaʻi ʻa e foʻi nota ko iá ʻo pukepuke ai ʻo feʻunga mo ha foʻi tā ʻe ua. ʻI he taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻoku haʻi ai ha ngaahi nota ʻi ha foʻi veesi kae ʻikai ke peheʻi ia ʻi he ngaahi veesi kehé.
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Ko e crescendo ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ke fakaʻau ʻa e hivá ke leʻo lahi ange.
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Ko e decrescendo ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ke holo ʻa e hivá ke leʻo siʻi ange.
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ʻOku ʻi ai ha ngaahi hiva ia ʻoku lahi hono ngaahi founga ke fakaʻosi aí more than one ending. Ko e ʻuluaki hivá ʻe ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi pā ʻo e fakaʻosi ʻuluakí. Toe hivaʻí, pea hiki leva ʻo ngāueʻaki ʻa e fakaʻosi hono uá ʻo hangē ko e fakahinohinó.
- fine
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ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻa e fakaʻilongá ni ko e “ngataʻanga” (finale).
- D.C. al fine
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Da capo al fine ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ke foki ʻo toe tā mei he kamataʻangá ʻo aʻu mai ki he foʻi lea ko e fine.
- D.S. al fine
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Dal segno al fine ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ke foki ki he fakaʻilonga
ʻo tā mei ai ʻo aʻu mai ki he fine.
- rit.
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Ritardando ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ke hoko māmālie. (Vakai “Naʻá Ne Fekau Hono ʻAló”, p. 20.)
- a tempo
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Ko e ʻuhinga ʻo e ongo foʻi leá ni ke foki ʻa e hivá ki hono taimi vave totonú.
- descant
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Ko e descant ko ha konga hiva mavahe ia ʻe lava pē ke hivaʻi pe ʻe tuku pē. ʻE lava pē ʻo tā ʻeni ʻaki ha meʻalea.
- obbligato
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Ko e obbligato ko ha konga ia ki he meʻaleá ʻoku hā ʻi ʻolunga he fasí. ʻi he taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻe lava ai pē ha taha leʻo aʻu ke ne hivaʻi ʻo ngāueʻaki ʻa e fakalea tatau pē ʻoku ʻi he fasí.
- ostinato
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Ko e ostinato ko ha konga ʻoku toutou hivaʻi ʻi ha foʻi hiva (ʻoku faʻa meimei ko ha foʻi tā ʻe ua). (Vakai “Te u Talangofua Leva”, p. 71.)
- round
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Ko e round ʻoku kamata hivaʻi ʻe ha fahaʻi ʻa e hivá pea—ʻi ha pā kuo ʻosi fakapapauʻi—ʻe kamata ai ha fahaʻi ʻe taha. ʻOku hivaʻi taʻe tokoniʻi ʻeni ʻe ha meʻalea—pea ʻoku hoko pē ʻa e tuifio lelei ʻa e ngaahi leʻó ke ongo lelei ai.
- obbligato
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Ko e hiva fahaʻi uá ʻokú na fasi kehekehe pē ʻe ua ka ʻe lava pē ʻo hivaʻi fakataha he taimi pē ʻe taha.
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Ko e phrase mark ʻokú ne tala atu ko e ngaahi notá ni ʻoku totonu ke nau fekauʻaki pe hivaʻi ke ongo hamolemole.
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Ko ha rolled or harplike effect, koeʻuhí ke ongo fakahaʻape, tā tahataha ʻa e ngaahi notá mei lalo ki ʻolunga kae ʻoua ʻe taaʻi fakataha.
Founga Tā Hiva Angamahení
Ke ngāueʻaki ki he ngaahi hiva ʻoku hā ai ʻa e 2/2, 2/4, pe 6/8.
Ke ngāueʻaki ki he ngaahi hiva ʻoku hā ai ʻa e 3/4 pe 9/8.
Ke ngāueʻaki ki he ngaahi hiva ʻoku hā ai ʻa e 4/4 pe 12/8
Ke ngāueʻaki ki he ngaahi hiva ʻoku hā ai ʻa e 6/8.
Siate Ongó (Chord Chart)
Kapau ʻoku ʻikai maʻu ha kīpooti (keyboard), pea ʻe lava pē ke fakaʻaongaʻi ha kītā pe ko ha meʻalea kehe. Ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi ongo (kooti) ko ia ʻoku fokotuʻu atu ʻi ʻolunga he fasí.
