“August Calendar,” Friend, Aug. 1977, 25
August Calendar
Aug. 1: Unabhanglgkeitstag is Independence Day in Switzerland.
Aug. 2, 1923: Adney Y. Komatsu, of the First Quorum of the Seventy, born in Honolulu, Hawaii.
Aug. 4, 1899: Ezra Taft Benson, President of the Council of the Twelve, born in Whitney, Idaho.
Aug. 5, 1922: L. Tom Perry, of the Council of the Twelve, born in Logan, Utah.
Aug. 8, 1915: Robert L. Simpson, of the First Quorum of the Seventy, born in Salt Lake City, Utah.
Aug. 11, 1878: First Primary organized in Farmington, Utah.
Aug. 17, 1835: Book of Commandments became Doctrine and Covenants.
Aug. 20, 1924: Hartman Rector, Jr., of the First Quorum of the Seventy, born in Moberly, Missouri.
Aug. 21, 1927: Thomas S. Monson, of the Council of the Twelve, born in Salt Lake City, Utah.
Aug. 24, 1932: Robert D. Hales, of the First Quorum of the Seventy, born in New York, New York.
Aug. 28, 1749: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, famous German writer, born.
Sailing
The largest four-masted sailing ship weighed 3,000 tons, compared to the steamship, Queen Elizabeth II, weighing 66,000 tons.
Most sails are made of dacron now rather than cotton. Racing sails (spinnakers) are usually made of bright-colored nylon.
Sailing ships all but disappeared by the early 1900s; however, with the increasing energy shortage, sailing vessels are being refitted and computerized to take advantage of wind power to transport cargoes again.
Sailing Terms
Mizzenmast—toward stern and foremast in bow
Mainsail—fastened aft of mainmast
Rigging—ropes (lines) used on sailboat—standing rigging supports masts and includes shrouds that run from sides of boat to mast and stays that run from bow to mast. Running rigging consists of lines for adjusting sails and booms.
Leeward—away from wind
Winward—into the wind
Trimming—taking full advantage of available wind
Tacking—wind coming from opposite side
Parts of a Sailboat
head; mast; luff; mainsail; leech; boom; leech; jib; luff; head; tiller; stern; hull; bow; rudder; keel
anchor bend knot; reef (square) knot; cat’s paw knot; slip knot
sheet bend knot; catboat; sloop; ketch; schooner; bowline knot