Tānaki ke Malu ki ʻApi
ʻOku tau ʻi ha tuʻunga makehe ke tānaki ʻa ʻIsileli ʻi he ongo tafaʻaki fakatouʻosi ʻo e veilí ʻo ʻikai hangē ko ha toe taimi kimuʻa ʻo fakatatau ki he palani ʻa e Tamaí.
Kuo fakamamafaʻi lahi ʻe Palesiteni Lāsolo M. Nalesoni, hotau palōfita ʻofeiná, ko hotau fatongia makehé ke tokoni ki hono tānaki ʻo ʻIsileli kuo fakamoveteveteʻí, mo teuteuʻi ʻa e māmaní ki he Hāʻele ʻAnga Ua Mai ʻa Sīsū Kalaisí.1 ʻOku finangalo ʻa e Tamai ʻa hotau ngaahi laumālié ke tānaki ke malu ki ʻapiʻa ʻEne fānaú.
Ko e palani ko ia ʻa ʻetau Tamai Hēvaní ki hono tānaki malu ʻa ʻEne fānaú ki hotau ʻapi fakalangí, ʻoku ʻikai ke makatuʻunga ia ʻi ha lavameʻa fakaemāmani, tuʻunga fakaʻekonōmika, akó, matakalí, pe tuʻunga tangatá pe fefiné. ʻOku makatuʻunga ʻa e palani ʻa e Tamaí ʻi he angatonú, tauhi ʻEne ngaahi fekaú, pea maʻu ʻa e ngaahi ouau toputapú mo tauhi ʻa e ngaahi fuakava ʻoku tau fakahokó.2
Ko e tokāteline fakalangi ʻoku tataki fakalaumālié ko e kāinga kotoa kitautolu pea “tatau ʻa e kakai fulipē ʻi he ʻao ʻo e ʻOtuá” ʻoku kapu ai ʻa e ngāue maʻongoʻonga ko ʻeni ʻo e tānakí. ʻOku fenāpasi ʻa e tokāteline ko ʻení mo kinautolu ʻoku loto moʻoni ke aʻusia ʻe he kakai ʻoku tuʻunga fakaʻekonōmika kehekehé mo e tuʻunga fakamatakalí, ha moʻui ʻoku lelei angé. ʻOku mau poupou mo kau fakataha ʻi he ngāue peheé. Ko hono fakakātoá, ʻoku mau fakaʻamu ke haʻu kotoa ʻa e fānau ʻa e ʻOtuá kiate Ia pea maʻu ʻa e ngaahi tāpuaki taʻengata ʻokú Ne foaki ʻo fakafou mai ʻi Heʻene ongoongoleleí.3 ʻI he talamuʻaki ʻe he ʻEikí ʻa e Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakavá, ʻokú Ne folofola, “Tokanga mai ʻa kimoutolu ʻa e kakai mei he mamaʻó; pea mo kimoutolu ʻoku ʻi he ngaahi motu ʻo e tahí, mou fanongo fakataha.4
ʻOku ou fiefia he ko e ʻuluaki veesi pē ʻo e Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakavá ʻoku fakakau ai ʻa e kakai ʻoku nau ʻi he “ngaahi motu ʻo e tahí.” Naʻe ʻi ai haʻaku uiuiʻi pau ʻe tolu ke ngāue mo nofo ʻi he ngaahi motu ʻo e tahí. Naʻá ku ʻuluaki ngāue fakafaifekau ʻi heʻeku kei talavoú ki he ʻOtumotu ʻo Pilitāniá, uá ko ha Taki Māʻolunga foʻou ʻi he ʻOtumotu Filipainí, pea hokó ko ha Palesiteni Fakaʻēlia ʻi he ʻOtumotu Pasifikí, ʻa ia ʻoku kau ai ha ngaahi ʻOtumotu Polinisia lahi.
Kuo tānaki lelei ʻe he ngaahi ʻēlia ko ʻeni ʻe tolú, ʻa e kakai tui ki he ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi kuo fakafoki maí. Naʻe fuofua tūʻuta mai ae kau faifekaú ki he ʻOtumotu ʻo Pilitāniá ʻi he 1837. Ko e ʻosi eni ʻa e taʻu ʻe taha mei hono fakatāpui ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ʻa e Temipale Ketilaní, ʻa ia naʻe fakafoki mai ai ʻe Mōsese “ʻa e ngaahi kī ʻo hono tānaki mai ʻo ʻIsilelí mei he potu ʻe fā ʻo e māmaní, pea mo hono tataki mai ʻo e faʻahinga ʻe hongofulú mei he fonua ʻo e tokelaú.”5 ʻOku ʻiloa ʻa e ola lelei ʻo e ngāué ʻi heʻene kamakamata mai ʻi he ʻOtumotu ʻo Pilitāniá. ʻI he 1851, naʻe laka hake ʻi he vaeua ʻo e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻoku nofo ʻi he ʻOtumotu ʻo Pilitāniá, ko ha kau papi ului.6
Naʻe ʻaʻahi ʻa ʻEletā Kōtoni B. Hingikelī ki he ʻOtu Motu Filipainí ʻi he 1961 ʻo kamataʻi ai ʻa e ngāue fakafaifekau taimi kakató. ʻI he taimi ko iá, naʻe tokotaha pē ʻa e Filipino naʻe maʻu ʻa e Lakanga Taulaʻeiki Faka-Melekisētekí. ʻOku fakaofo ʻa e aʻu ʻa e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻi he ʻOtumotu Filipainí ʻi he ʻahó ni ki he toko 850,000 tupu. ʻOku ou tanganeʻia ʻi he kakai ʻo Filipainí; ʻoku nau maʻu ha ʻofa ʻoku lahi mo tukutaha ʻi he Fakamoʻuí.
Mahalo ʻoku ʻikai ke fuʻu ʻilo lahia ʻa e ngāue fakafaifekau ʻoku hokohoko atu ʻi he ʻOtumotu Polinisiá. Naʻe kamata ia ʻi he 1844 ʻi he taimi naʻe aʻu atu ai ʻa ʻAtisoni Palati ki he feituʻu ʻoku ʻiloa ʻi he ʻahó ni ko French Polynesia.7 Naʻe tokolahi ha kakai Polinisia naʻa nau ʻosi tui pē kinautolu ki he fāmili taʻengatá mo tali ʻa Sīsū Kalaisi ko honau Fakamoʻui. ʻI he ʻaho ní, ʻoku meimei ke peseti ʻe 25 ʻo e kakai Polinisia ʻi he ʻOtumotu Polinisiá, ʻoku nau hoko ko e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí.8
Naʻe tuʻo taha haʻaku fanongo ki ha lea ʻa ha kiʻi taʻahine taʻu 17 ʻi ha motu mamaʻo mei Tahiti ka ko ha toʻutangata ia hono fitu ʻi he siasí. Naʻá ne fakamālō ki heʻene ngaahi kui naʻe ului ʻi he 1845 ʻi Tupuai, ʻi ha taʻu ia ʻe ua kimuʻa pea toki tūʻuta hake ʻa e kāingalotu naʻa nau kamataʻi mai ʻa e Siasí ki he Teleʻa Sōlekí.9
ʻOku mahino ʻetau tokāteliné, ʻe ʻi ai ʻa e taimi mo ha kuonga maʻá e kakai kotoa pē ke nau maʻu mo tali ai ʻa e pōpoaki ʻo e ongoongoleleí. Ko e ngaahi sīpinga ko ʻení ko ha konga ia ʻo ha ngāue lahi ange. Kuo toutou fakamamafaʻi ʻe Palesiteni Nalesoni “ko e tānaki ko ia ʻo ʻIsilelí ʻa e “tukupā maʻolunga tahá , … meʻa mahuʻinga tahá, mo e … ngāue ʻoku fakahoko ʻi he māmaní ʻi he ʻahó ni.”10
Naʻe konga pē mo fakangatangata ʻa e mahino ko ia ki hono tānaki ʻo ʻIsilelí kae ʻoua kuo Fakafoki Mai ʻa e Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí, kau ai hono ʻomi ʻo e Tohi ʻa Molomoná pea mo e fakahaá mo hono ʻomi ʻo e ngaahi kī ʻo e lakanga fakataulaʻeikí ki he Palōfita ko Siosefa Sāmitá.11
Ko e hingoa ʻiloa ko ia ko e “ʻIsilelí” ko e hingoa ia naʻe foaki kia Sēkopé.12 Naʻe ʻomi ia ke ne fakafofongaʻi ʻa e hako ʻo ʻĒpalahamé ʻo fakafou mai ʻia ʻAisake mo Sēkope. Ko e talaʻofa totonu mo e fuakava ki he Tamai ko ʻĒpalahamé ʻoku hā ia ʻi he ʻĒpalahame 2:9–10, ʻa ia ko hono konga ʻeni:
“Pea te u fakatupu ʻiate koe ha puleʻanga lahi, …
Pea te u tāpuakiʻi ʻa e [puleʻanga kotoa pē] ʻi ho hingoá; he ko kinautolu kotoa pē ʻe tali ʻa e Ongoongolelei ko ʻení ʻe ui ʻa kinautolu ʻaki ho hingoá, pea ʻe lau ʻa kinautolu ko ho hako, pea te nau tuʻu hake ʻo fakamonūʻiaʻi koe, ko ʻenau tamai.”
ʻI he Fakataha Lahi ʻi he Langí ʻi he maama fakalaumālié, naʻe aleaʻi mo taliai ʻa e palani ʻo e fakamoʻuí. Naʻe kau ai ʻa e ngaahi fono pau mo e ngaahi ouau ʻo e lakanga fakataulaʻeikí naʻe fakahoko kimuʻa ʻi hono tanupou ʻo e māmaní mo fakataumuʻa ki he tānakí.13 Naʻe kau foki ai mo e ngaahi tefitoʻi moʻoni fakalūkufua ʻo e tauʻatāina ke filí.
Hili ha ngaahi senituli lahi ʻo e hoko ko ha kakai mālohi, ʻo kau ai ʻa e pule ʻa Saula, Tēvita, mo Solomoné, naʻe māvahevahe ʻa ʻIsileli. Naʻe hoko ʻa e hako ʻo Siutá mo ha konga ʻo e hako ʻo Penisimaní, ko e puleʻanga ia ʻo Siutá. Ko e toengá, naʻe ʻiloa ko e haʻa ʻe hongofulú, naʻe hoko ia ko e puleʻanga ʻo ʻIsilelí.14 Hili ha taʻu ʻe 200 ʻo e puleʻanga mavahevahé, naʻe hoko ʻa e ʻuluaki fakamoveteveteʻi ʻo ʻIsilelí ʻi he 721 BC ʻi hono taki pōpula ʻo e haʻa ʻe hongofulu ʻo ʻIsilelí ʻe he tuʻi ʻo ʻAsiliá.15 Naʻa nau ʻalu kimui ai ki he ngaahi fonua ʻi he tokelaú.16
ʻI he 600 BC ʻi he kamataʻanga ʻo e Tohi ʻa Molomoná, naʻe tataki ʻe he Tamai ko Līhaí ha kulupu ko ha kau ʻIsileli ki he ongo ʻAmeliká. Naʻe mahino kia Līhai hono fakamoveteveteʻi ʻo ʻIsilelí, ʻa ia ʻokú ne kau ai. Naʻe lea ki ai ʻa Nīfai ʻo pehē ko e fale ʻo ʻIsilelí, “ʻoku totonu ke fakatatau ʻa kinautolu ki he fuʻu ʻōlive, ʻa ia ʻoku totonu ke fesiʻi ʻa hono ngaahi vaʻá, pea fakamoveteveteʻi ʻi he funga kotoa ʻo e māmaní.”17
ʻI he feituʻu naʻe ui ko e Maama Foʻoú, naʻe ngata ʻa e hisitōlia ʻo e kau Nīfaí mo e kau Leimaná ʻo hangē ko ʻene hā ʻi he Tohi ʻa Molomoná, fakafuofua ʻi he AD 400. ʻOku mafola atu ʻa e hako ʻo e Tamai ko Līhaí ʻi he ongo ʻAmeliká.18
ʻOku fakamatalaʻi lelei ʻeni ʻe he Tohi ʻa Molomoná ʻi he 3 Nīfai 5:20, ʻa ia ʻoku pehē: “Ko au Molomona, pea ko ha hako moʻoni au ʻo Līhai. ʻOku ʻi ai haʻaku ʻuhinga ke u fakafetaʻi ai ki hoku ʻOtuá mo hoku Fakamoʻui ko Sīsū Kalaisí, koeʻuhi ko ʻene ʻomi ʻemau ngaahi tamaí mei he fonua ko Selusalemá.”19
ʻOku mahino ko e meʻa mahuʻinga ʻi he fakahokohoko ʻa e hisitōlia ʻo ʻIsilelí, ko e ʻaloʻí, pōpoakí, ngāué, mo e misiona ʻo hotau ʻEiki mo e Fakamoʻui, ko Sīsū Kalaisí.20
Ko e ʻitānití ʻoku fakatefito ia mei he pekia mo Toetuʻu ʻa e Fakamoʻuí, ʻa ia ko ha fakamoveteveteʻi ʻiloa hono ua ia ʻo Siuta naʻe hoko ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e AD 70 mo e AD 135, koeʻuhí ko e pule fakaaoao mo e fakatanga ʻa e kau Lomá, naʻe fakamoveteʻi ʻa e kau Siú ʻi he māmaní naʻe ʻiloa ʻi he kuonga ko iá.
Naʻe akonaki ʻa Palesiteni Nalesoni, “Naʻe ʻomi e Tohi ʻa Molomoná ko ha fakaʻilonga kuo kamataʻi ʻe he ʻEikí ʻa [hono] tānaki e fānau ʻo e fuakavá.”21 Ko ia ai, ko e Tohi ʻa Molomoná, naʻe liliu ʻe he Palōfita ko Siosefa Sāmitá ʻi he meʻafoaki mo e mālohi ʻo e ʻOtuá, ʻoku fakataumuʻa ia ki he hako ʻo Līhaí, ʻa ʻIsileli kuo fakamoveteveteʻí, mo e kau Senitaile kuo ohi mai ki he hako ʻo ʻIsilelí. Ko e talamuʻaki ʻo e vahé ki he 1 Nīfai 22ʻoku pehē, “ʻE fakamovetevete ʻa ʻIsileli ʻi he funga ʻo e māmaní kotoa—ʻE tauhi mo fafangaʻi ʻe he kau Senitailé ʻa ʻIsileli ʻaki ʻa e ongoongoleleí ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho fakaʻosí.” ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻe he peesi talamuʻaki ʻo e Tohi ʻa Molomoná ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi taumuʻa ʻo e tohí, ko hono “fakalotoʻi foki ʻo e Siú mo e Senitailé ko Sīsū ko e Kalaisí.” ʻI hono Fakafoki mai ʻo e Ongoongoleleí mo e Tohi ʻa Molomoná, kuo toe mahino lahi ange ʻa e fakakaukau ki hono tānaki ʻo ʻIsilelí.22
Ko kinautolu ʻoku nau tali ʻa e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí ʻo tatau ai pē ko e hā honau hakó, ʻoku nau hoko ko ha konga hono tānaki ʻo ʻIsilelí.23 ʻI he tānaki ko iá mo e ngaahi temipale lahi kuo fakahā ke langá, ʻoku tau ʻi ha tuʻunga makehe ai ke tānaki ʻa ʻIsileli ʻi he ongo tafaʻaki fakatouʻosi ʻo e veilí ʻi ha toe taimi kimuʻa ʻo fakatatau ki he palani ʻa e Tamaí.
Naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻe Palesiteni Sipenisā W. Kimipolo fekauʻaki mo hono tānaki totonu ʻo ʻIsilelí, ʻo pehē: “ʻOku kau ʻi hono fakatahaʻi ʻo ʻIsilelí ʻa e kau ki he Siasi moʻoní mo … maʻu ʻa e ʻilo ki he ʻOtua moʻoní. … Ko ia ai, ko ha faʻahinga taha pē kuó ne tali ʻa e ongoongolelei kuo fakafoki maí, pea feinga ke hū ki he ʻEikí ʻi heʻene lea fakafonuá fakataha mo e Kāingalotu ʻi he fonua ʻoku nofo aí, pea talangofua ki he fono ʻo hono tānaki ʻo ʻIsilelí, pea hoko ko e ʻea ki he ngaahi tāpuaki kotoa kuo talaʻofa ki he Kāingalotu ʻo e kuonga fakaʻosi ko ʻení.”24
“ʻOku kau ʻi hono tānaki ʻo ʻIsilelí he taimi ní ʻa e uluí.”25
ʻOku toe mahino lelei ange ki he kāingalotu ʻo e Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ʻa ʻenau maʻu ha faingamālie ʻo e ʻofá, vahevahé, fakaafé, mo tokoni ki hono tānaki ʻo ʻIsilelí, ke maʻu ʻa e kakato ʻo e ngaahi tāpuaki ʻi he fuakava ʻa e ʻEikí. ʻOku kau ki heni ʻa e kakai ʻAfiliká mo e kau ʻIulopé, ʻAmelika Saute mo Noate, kau ʻEsiá, ʻAositelēlia, mo kinautolu ʻi he ngaahi motu ʻo e tahí. “He ko e moʻoni, ʻoku fakaongo atu ʻa e leʻo ʻo e ʻEikí ki he kakai kotoa pē.”26 “ʻE hokohoko atu e tānaki ko ʻení kae ʻoua kuo fakatahaʻi e kau angatonú ki he haʻofanga ʻo e Kāingalotu ʻi he ngaahi puleʻanga ʻo e māmaní.”27
ʻOku ʻikai ha taha te ne lea fakahangatonu lahi ange ki he tānakí ʻo hangē ko Palesiteni Lāsolo M. Nalesoní: “Ka ʻi ai ha faʻahinga taimi ʻokú ke fai ai ha faʻahinga meʻa ʻoku tokoni ki ha faʻahinga taha pē—ʻi he ongo tafaʻaki ʻo e veilí—ʻo ke fai ha ngaahi fuakava mo e ʻOtuá pea maʻu honau ouau papitaisó mo e ouau fakatemipalé, ko hoʻo tokoni ia ki hono tānaki ʻo ʻIsilelí. ʻOku faingofua pehē ia.”28
Ko e hā ʻa e tuʻunga ʻo e Siasí ʻi he ʻaho ní? ʻI he taʻu ko ʻeni ʻe 62 mei heʻeku ngāue fakafaifekau ʻi he 1960, kuo hiki hake ʻa e kau faifekau taimi kakato kuo ngāue ʻi ha uiuiʻi mei he palōfitá mei he 7,683 ki he 62,544. Kuo hiki hake ʻa e lahi ʻo e ngaahi misioná mei he 58 ki he 411. Kuo hiki hake ʻa e tokolahi ʻo e kāingalotú mei he toko 1,700,000 ʻo fakafuofua ki he toko 17 miliona nai.
Naʻe kiʻi uesia fakataimi ʻe he mahaki fakaʻauha ko e COVID-19 hotau ngaahi faingamālie ke vahevahe atu ai ʻa e ongoongoleleí. Ka naʻe toe maʻu ai mo e faingamālie ke fakaʻaongaʻi ha tekinolosia foʻou, ʻa ia ʻe tokoni lahi ʻaupito ki he tānakí. ʻOku tau fakamālō ʻi hono fakalahi ʻi he taimí ni ʻe he kāingalotú mo e kau faifekaú ʻa e ngāue ki hono tānaki ʻa ʻIsileli kuo fakamoveteveteʻí. ʻOku hokohoko atu ʻa e tupulakí ʻi he feituʻu kotoa pē, tautautefito ki ʻAmelika Saute mo ʻAfilika. ʻOku tau toe fakamālō foki he ʻoku tokolahi ʻa kinautolu ʻi he māmaní kuo nau tali ʻa e fakaafe ʻa Palesiteni Nalesoní ke fakatokolahi ʻa e ngāue fakafaifekaú. Neongo ia, ʻe lava ke toe fakalahi ange ʻetau tukupā ke ʻofa, vahevahe, mo fakaafeʻí.
Ko ha konga mahuʻinga ʻo e ngāue fakafaifekau ko ʻení ko e hoko ʻa e kāingalotu fakafoʻituituí ko ha sīpinga moʻoni ʻo hono moʻui ʻaki ʻa e ongoongoleleí29 ʻi ha faʻahinga feituʻu pē ʻoku tau nofo ai.30 He ʻikai ke tau kei toitoi pē. He ʻikai ke ngata pē hono lava ʻe heʻetau sīpinga faka-Kalaisi ʻo e angaʻofá, angatonú, fiefiá, mo e ʻofa moʻoni ʻi he kakai kotoa pē ʻo fokotuʻu ha maama kamo ke tataki kinautolu, ka ko hono toe maʻu ha ʻilo ʻoku ʻi ai ha taulanga ū ʻi he ngaahi ouau ʻo e fakamoʻuí mo e hākeakiʻí ʻi he ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi kuo fakafoki maí.
Kātaki ʻo ʻiloʻi ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi tāpuaki fakaʻofoʻofa ʻi hono vahevahe atu ʻa e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí. ʻOku fakamatala ʻa e folofolá ki he fiefiá mo e melinó, fakamolemoleʻi ʻo e angahalá, maluʻi mei he ngaahi fakatauelé, mo e ivi tokoni mei he ʻOtuá.31 ʻI he hili ʻa e moʻui ko ʻení, te tau mateuteu ke vahevahe ʻa e ongoongoleleí mo kinautolu “ʻi he fakapoʻulí pea nau kei haʻisia ʻi he angahalá ʻi he fuʻu maama lahi fau ʻo e ngaahi laumālie ʻo e kau pekiá.”32
Ko ʻeku lotu makehe ʻi he ʻaho ní maʻá e fānaú, talavoú, finemuí, fāmilí, kōlomú, Fineʻofá, mo e kalasí ke toe vakaiʻi ʻa e founga ke tau tali fakafoʻituitui mo fakatokolahi ai ʻa e faleʻi fakaofo ke tokoni ki hono tānaki ʻo ʻIsilelí ʻa ia kuo tuku mai ʻe he ʻEikí pea mo hotau palōfita ʻofeiná.
ʻOku tau fakaʻapaʻapaʻi ʻa e tauʻatāina ke filí. ʻI he māmani fakaemāmani ko ʻení, ʻe tokolahi ha niʻihi he ʻikai ke nau tali mo kau ki hono tānaki ʻo ʻIsilelí. Ka ʻe tokolahi ʻa kinautolu te nau talí, pea ʻoku ʻamanaki mai ʻa e ʻEikí kiate kinautolu kuo nau tali ʻEne ongoongoleleí ke feinga fakavavevave ke hoko ko ha sīpinga ʻo ha maama kamo ʻe tokoni ki he niʻihi kehé ke nau haʻu ki he ʻOtuá. ʻOkú ne fakaʻatā heni hotau kāinga ʻi he māmaní ke fiefia ʻi he ngaahi tāpuaki fakalangi mo e ngaahi ouau ʻo e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí kuo fakafoki maí pea tānaki ke malu ki ʻapi.
ʻOku ou fakahoko atu ʻeku fakamoʻoni fakaʻaposetolo ʻo fakapapauʻi mo ʻikai ke toe veiveiua ki hono faka-ʻOtua ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí pea mo e palani ʻa ʻetau Tamai ʻi Hēvaní maʻatautolú, ʻi he huafa ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí, ʻēmeni.