iTukutuku Makawa ni Lotu
Jane Elizabeth Manning James


“Jane Elizabeth Manning James,” Ulutaga ni iTukutuku Makawa ni Lotu

“Jane Elizabeth Manning James”

Jane Elizabeth Manning James

A dua vei ira na lima na gone o Jane Elizabeth Manning (circa 1822–1908) ka sucu ki na dua na veiwatini kai Amerika mai Aferika e Connecticut ena gauna era a vakabobulataki tu kina e levu na tamata loaloa e Amerika.1 Ni sa qase cake, a lewena o koya na Lotu New Canaan Congregational ena 1841, ia ni oti e 18 na vula, ena vulaibatabata ni 1842–43, a papitaiso o koya kei na vica na lewe ni matavuvale ki Na Lotu i Jisu Karisito ni Yalododonu Edaidai. A gadreva tu o Jane kei na so tale ena nona matavuvale me ra tomani ira na Yalododonu e Nauvoo, ka ra gole mai Connecticut ki New York, ni navuci tu na itosotoso ruarua ena melisitima kei na waqa ni ikelimusu. Ia, a cakitaki vei ira na ilakolako ena waqa ena vuku ni kedra roka, ka me ra na taubaletaka na vo ni 800 na maile. E Peoria, Illinois, a vakatarogi iratou na Manning o ira na vakailesilesi ni vanua me vaka tu eso na bobula dro voli ka vaqaqa na ivolatara me vakadinadinataka na nodra itutu ni bula galala. Na veivakacacani vakamatatamata esa dua na ivakatatao ena sotava tu o Jane ena vo ni nona bula.

droini ni itaba kei Jane Manning James

Droini kei Jane Manning James.

Lolomataka na Valenivola ni iTukutuku Makawa kei na Akaivi ni Lotu

Vakadua e Nauvoo, a tara vakatotolo sara o Jane e dua na veitokani vata kei Josefa kei Ema Simici. A tiko vata kei rau o koya ka cakacaka ena nodrau matavuvale. Ena dua na gauna, a sureti Jane o Ema me mai oka me dua na gone ki na matavuvale na Simici ena dua na veivakadeitaki ni matabete.2 A vakasuka o Jane, ni sega ni kila vinaka tu na ivalavala tawamatata vou, ia a vakadinata dei tu o koya na itavi vakaparofita i Josefa. “Au sa kila tu na Parofita o Josefa,” a vakadinadinataka e muri o koya. “Sa tamata uasivi sara o koya au bau raica tu e vuravura. … Au vakadeitaka ni sa dua na parofita o koya baleta niu kila tu. “3

Ena veivosaki vata kei Josefa kei tinana, o Lucy Mack Smith, a vulica vakalevu o Jane na iVola i Momani kei na kena vakadewataki ka kila deivaki kina na kena dokai na cakacaka vakalotu eso ni valetabu.

A vakamautaki Isaac James o Jane, e dua na curuvou loaloa galala mai New Jersey. O rau, vata kei na luvei Jane tagane o Sylvester, a biuti Nauvoo ena 1846 me gole ki na ra kei ira na Yalododonu. Ena June ni yabaki o ya, a sucu o Silas na luvedrau tagane o Jane kei Isaac. Ena yabaki ka tarava a takosova na veibuca na matavuvale, ka yaco tu ki na Buca o Salt Lake ena vulaitubutubu ni 1847. A ono tale na luvedrau o Isaac kei Jane, e rua ga a bulasiviti Jane. Me vakataki ira tale eso na tiko taumada ena Buca o Salt Lake, a cakacaka vakaukauwa o Jane kei Isaac ena qaravi ni nodrau matavuvale. A veiqaravi vakadaucakacaka o Issac ka dau draiva ni kareti vagauna i Brigham Young, ka vakawiri sulu o Jane, caka isulu, ka sava isulu, me vaka e a cakava mai Nauvoo.

Na bula dredre ni vakawati a vakavuna na veisere i Isaac kei Jane ena 1870. A vakawati vakalekaleka e muri o Jane me rua na yabaki ki na dua na bobula eliu, o Frank Perkins, ia a mani tomani bula tu vaka itubutubu duadua ka tubunigone. Na gagadre vakailavo kei na mate ni tolu na gone a vakavuna me lesu tale kina ki cakacaka o Jane. A cakava o koya na sovu ka volitaka, ni vakacakacakataki tu e rua na luvena tagane. Ena 1890, ni oti e 20 na yabaki ni tiko tani, a lesu tale o Isaac ki Salt Lake City, vakavouia na nona lewe ni Lotu, ka vakayacora e dua na veimaliwai vakaitokani kei Jane. Ni sa mate ena dua na yabaki emuri, a vakayacori na soqo ni veibulu ena itikotiko i Jane.

Ena veidredre a lako curuma ena nona bula, a dinata tikoga o Jane na nona vakabauta na ivakavuvuli ni kosipeli ka vakabibitaka na nona lewena na Lotu. A cau o koya ki na tara ni valetabu ka vakaitavi ena iSoqosoqo ni Veivukei kei na iSoqosoqo ni Vakalailaitakika ni Marama Gone.4 A vakila vakaiyauyau o Jane na isolisoli ni Yalotabu, oka kina na raivotu, tadra, veivakabulai ena vakabauta, kei na vosa ena vosa eso . “Na noqu vakabauta na Kosipeli i Jisu Karisito,” a vola vakamalua ena nona bula o koya, “esa qaqaco tu nikua, sega, e sa ke rawa qaqaco cake sara mai na siga au a papitaiso taumada kina.”5

Ena maliwa ni 1884 kei na 1904, a veitaratara vagauna o Jane kei ira na iliuliu ni Lotu—John Taylor, Wilford Woodruff, Zina D. H. Young, kei Joseph F. Smith—ka kerea na veivakadonui me ciqoma na nona edaumeni ni valetabu ka me vauci talega.6 Ena gauna oya, era a sega ni vakatarai tu na turaga kei na marama Yalododonu Edaidai yago loaloa me ra vakaitavi ena levu na cakacaka vakalotu eso ni valetabu. Ena 1888, a vakadonui Jane kina na peresitedi ni iteki o Angus M. Cannon me vakayaco papitaiso ena vukudra na wekana ka sa mate.7 Era sa qai vakatarai koya na iliuliu ni Lotu me na vauci vakaveisosomitaki ki na matavuvale i Josefa Simici vaka e dua na dauveiqaravi ena 1894, e dua vakayacoka vakasakiti. E dina ga ni a sega ni ciqoma na edaumeni ni valetabu se veivauci ni matavuvale ena nona gauna ni bula, era a vakayacori na cakacaka vakalotu oqo ena vukuna ena 1979.8

A mate o koya enai ka 16 ni Epereli, 1908, ni sa yabaki 95, ka dua tu ga na Yalododonu Edaidai yalodina. E tukuna na Deseret News , “E lailai na tamata e kilai levu tu ena vakabauta kei na yalodina me vakataki Jane Manning James, ka mai na vuravura yalomalua sa okati o koya ki na veitokani kei na veikilai e drau vakacaca.”9

iDusidusi

  1. E a vakabobulataki tu na tinai Jane ia sa sereki mai na lawa ni tu galala vagauna e Connecticut. A sucu ena bula galala o Jane, ia sa lawa tu ni vanua na veivakabobulataki me yacova na biubiu oti i Jane. Ena bula vakararaba i Jane, raica na Henry J. Wolfinger, “A Test of Faith: Jane Elizabeth Manning James and the Origins of the Utah Black Community,” in Clark Knowlton, ed., Social Accommodation in Utah (Salt Lake City: University of Utah, 1975), 126–75 and Quincy D. Newell, “The Autobiography and Interview of Jane Elizabeth Manning James,” Journal of Africana Religions, vol. 1, no. 2 (2013), 251–91.

  2. iVola i Zina D. H. Young kivei Joseph F. Smith, Jan. 15, 1894, Church History Library, Salt Lake City.

  3. “‘Aunt’ Jane James,” in “Joseph Smith, the Prophet,” Young Woman’s Journal, vol. 16, no. 12 (Dec. 1905), 551, 553.

  4. Eighth Ward Relief Society Minutes and Records, 1867–1969, Eighth Ward, Liberty Stake, Aug. 20, 1874; Oct. 20, 1874; Dec. 21, 1874; Jan. 20, 1875; Mar. 22, 1875; May 20, 1875; Nov. 20, 1875, vol. 1, Church History Library, Salt Lake City [A vakatokai tu ena otioti ni yaca Perkins o Jane ena dua na gauna lekaleka]; “Ladies Semi-monthly Meeting,” Woman’s Exponent, vol. 22, no. 9 (Dec. 1, 1893), 66. A soli lavo o Jane ki na kena tara na Valetabu e St. George, Logan, kei Manti, ka dodoliga ki na Tabana ni Kaulotu na Lamanite (Kai Idia Damudamu). Raica na Linda King Newell and na Valeen Tippetts Avery, “Jane Manning James,” Ensign, Aug. 1979, 29.

  5. iTukutuku ni bula i Jane Elizabeth Manning James, circa 1902, cavuti kivei Elizabeth J. D. Roundy, Church History Library, Salt Lake City, 22.

  6. iVola i Jane E. James kivei John Taylor, Dec. 27, 1884; ivola i Jane E. James kivei Joseph F. Smith, Feb. 7, 1890; ivola i Jane E. James kivei Joseph F. Smith, Aug. 31, 1903.

  7. iVola i Angus M. Cannon kivei Jane E. James, June 16, 1888; raica talega na Tonya Reiter, “Black Saviors on Mount Zion: Proxy Baptisms and Latter-day Saints of African Descent,” Journal of Mormon History, vol. 43, no. 4 (Oct. 2017), 100–123.

  8. iTukutuku ni bula i Jane Elizabeth Manning James, circa 1902. A cavuta o Jane na itukutuku ni nona bula ena dua na gauna e Salt Lake City ena maliwa ni 1902 kei na 1908; Ronald G. Coleman and Darius A. Gray, “Two Perspectives: The Religious Hopes of ‘Worthy’ African American Latter-day Saints before the 1978 Revelation,” in Newell G. Bringhurst and Darron T. Smith, eds., Black and Mormon (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2004), 54. Raica talega na Quincy D. Newell, “The Autobiography and Interview of Jane Manning James,” Journal of Africana Religions, vol. 1, no. 2 (2013), 256, 275 (note 34).

  9. “Death of Jane Manning James,” Deseret News, Apr. 16, 1908.