“Lēsoni 26 Naunau Teuteu ki he Kalasí: Ko e Siasi ʻi he Hihifó,” Ngaahi Fakavaʻe ʻo Hono Fakafoki Mai ʻo e Ongoongoleleí - Naunau ʻa e Faiakó (2019)
“Lēsoni 26 Naunau Teuteu ki he Kalasí,” Ngaahi Fakavaʻe ʻo Hono Fakafoki Mai ʻo e Ongoongoleleí - Naunau ʻa e Faiakó
Tā tongitongi ʻo Sōleki Siti ʻi he 1853, fai ʻe Frederick Piercy
Lēsoni 26 Naunau Teuteu ki he Kalasí
Ko e Siasi ʻi he Hihifó
Naʻe aʻusia ʻe he Kāingalotu naʻa nau fakataha atu ki he teleʻa Sōleki Lahí mo e ngaahi potu fonua takatakai aí ha ngaahi faingataʻa lahi hili ʻenau tūʻutá. Naʻe kau heni e kovi ʻa e ʻeá, keina ʻe he fanga heʻé ʻa e ngoué, laʻalaʻaá, mo e fiekaiá. Ka neongo ia, kia Pilikihami ʻIongí, “ko e meʻa ki mui ʻa e tō ia ʻo e ngaahi ngoueʻangá pea mo e paʻangá, he ko e meʻa naʻe muʻomuʻa taha kiate iá ko hono tokoniʻi ʻa hono kakaí ke nau hoko ko ha puleʻanga māʻoniʻoní.
Naʻá ne ʻosi ʻiloʻi mei he ngaahi meʻa lahi kuó ne aʻusia ʻi heʻene moʻuí, ʻe tupulaki ʻa e kakaí ʻo makatuʻunga mei heʻenau ngāue mālohí pea mo ʻenau tali ke fakahoko ha faʻahinga ngāue ʻoku ʻoange ke nau faí. Naʻá ne pehē ki he kāingalotú ʻi ha fakatahaʻanga naʻe fai ʻi Sōleki Siti ʻi he 1856, ‘Ko ha feituʻu lelei ʻeni ke fokotuʻu ai ha Kāinga Māʻoniʻoni’ (DNW [Deseret News Weekly], 10 Sept. 1856, 5)” (Ngaahi Akonaki ʻa e Kau Palesiteni ʻo e Siasí: Pilikihami ʻIongi [1997], 11). Naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻe he tokolahi taha ʻo e Kāingalotú ha tui lahi ki he ʻEikí lolotonga e ngaahi fuofua taʻu ko ʻení, neongo ʻa e ngaahi faingataʻá ni. Ko e meʻa fakamamahí, he naʻe kau foki ʻi he vahaʻataimi ko ʻeni ʻo e hisitōlia ʻo e Siasí ʻa e fakamamahi ʻo e Fakapō Fakatokolahi ʻi he Moʻunga Mētoú, ʻa ia ʻe lava ke akoʻi mai ai kiate kitautolu ha ngaahi lēsoni mahuʻinga ʻe lava ʻo fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi hotau kuongá.
Konga 1
Ko e hā te u lava ʻo ako mei he kau fuofua Kāingalotu paioniá fekauʻaki mo e tokoni ki he ʻEikí mo hono langa Hono puleʻangá he ʻaho ní?
Lolotonga e faʻahitaʻu momoko faingataʻa ʻo e 1848–49 ʻi he momoko ʻa e ʻeá pea siʻisiʻi e meʻatokoní, naʻe fie hiki ha Kāingalotu ʻe niʻihi ki Kalefōnia ʻo keli koula. Naʻe kikite ʻa Palesiteni Pilikihami ʻIongi ʻo pehē:
“Kuo fehuʻi mai ʻe ha niʻihi kiate au fekauʻaki mo e ʻalu [ki Kalefōniá]. Naʻá ku talaange kuo fili ʻe he ʻOtuá e feituʻú ni [ko e Feituʻu Tokalelei Lahí] ki hono tānaki ʻo hono Kāingalotú, pea te mou tuʻu lelei ange heni ʻi haʻamou ʻalu ki he ngaahi keliʻanga koulá. … Kuo fakahaaʻi mai ʻe he ʻOtuá kiate au ko e feituʻu eni ke nofo ai Hono kakaí, pea ko e feituʻu eni te nau tupulaki aí; … ʻE fakatokalelei ʻe he ʻOtuá e ʻeá pea te tau langa ha kolo mo ha temipale maʻá e ʻOtua Fungani Māʻolungá ʻi he feituʻú ni. ʻE hoko atu hotau ngaahi nofoʻangá ki he hahaké mo e hihifó, pea ki he tokelaú mo e tongá, pea te tau langa ha ngaahi kolo iiki mo e kolo lalahi ʻo laungeau, pea ʻe lauafe e Kāingalotu te nau fakataha mai ki ai mei he ngaahi puleʻanga ʻo e māmaní.” (ʻI he James S. Brown, Life of a Pioneer: Being the Autobiography of James S. Brown [1900], 121–22)
ʻI he taimi naʻe pekia ai ʻa Pilikihami ʻIongi ʻi he 1877, kuo mātā ʻe he Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní hono fakahoko fakaofo ʻo e kikite ko ʻení. Naʻe ueʻi fakalaumālie ʻe heʻenau tui ki he ʻEikí mo ʻEne palōfitá ha Kāingalotu paionia ʻe toko 60,000 ki he 70,000 ke nau hiki ki he Teleʻa Sōlekí, ʻa ia naʻa nau kamataʻi ai ha tukui kolo ʻe 350 ki he 400 ʻi ʻIutā, ʻAlesona, Kalefōnia, ʻAitahō, Nevata, mo Uaiomingi.
Naʻe tokoni e Paʻanga Tokoni Hikifonua Tuʻu Maʻu naʻe fokotuʻu ke tokoniʻi e kau hikifonua masivesiva ʻi he Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ke ne fakapaʻanga ha Kāingalotu ʻe toko 30,000 mei he ʻOtu Motu Pilitāniá, Sikenitinēvia, Suisalani, Siamane, mo Netaleni. Naʻe malangaʻi ʻe he kau faifekaú e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí ki māmani fulipē. Naʻe fakatapui ʻe he Kāingalotú honau taimí ke langa e ngaahi temipalé ʻi Sōleki Siti, Lōkani, mo Seni Siaosi. Kae mahuʻinga tahá, naʻe tuku ʻe he Kāingalotú ha tukufakaholo ʻo e tuí, feilaulaú, mo ha mateaki taʻetūkua ki he ngāue ʻa Sīsū Kalaisí mo ʻEne ongoongolelei kuo fakafoki maí. (Vakai, “Brigham Young,” Newsroom Topics, newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org.)
Fili ha taha ʻo e ngaahi talanoa ko ʻeni ki he Kāingalotu faivelenga naʻa nau fakataha ki ʻIutā ʻi he kamakamata ʻa e Siasí. Lau ʻa e talanoá pea ʻalu mateuteu ki he kalasí ke vahevahe e ngaahi lēsoni mo e tefitoʻi moʻoni ʻokú ke ako mei ai fekauʻaki mo e tokoni ki he ʻEikí mo hono langa hake Hono puleʻangá he ʻaho ní.
Lusi Misevi Sāmita
Laukonga fekauʻaki mo e manavaʻofa ʻa Lusi Misevi Sāmitá mo e kau fafine kehe ʻo e Siasí naʻa nau tokoni ki he kau paionia toho salioté, ʻi he Ngaahi ʻOfefine ʻi Hoku Puleʻangá: Ko e Hisitōlia mo e Ngāue ʻa e Fineʻofá [2011], 42–43. Kamata ʻaki e palakalafi ʻoku pehē “Hangē ko ʻeni, naʻe tataki ʻe Lusi Misevi Sāmita ha kau fafine … ,” pea lau kae ʻoua kuo ʻosi e vahé.
Sione Moili
Lau ʻa e talanoa fakamāfana ʻo Sione Moilí, ʻa ia naʻá ne fononga ki Sōleki ke ngāue ʻi he temipalé he uike kotoa pē neongo e motu hono vaʻé ʻi ha fakatuʻutāmakí, ʻi he lea ʻa Tieta F. ʻUkitofa, “Hikiʻi Hake ʻa e Feituʻu ʻOkú ke Tuʻu Aí” (Ensign pe Liahona, Nōv. 2008, 55–56). Lau ʻa e konga ʻoku fakahingoa “Ko e Sīpinga ʻa Sione Lou Moilí.”
ʻIlisapeti Makiune
Lau ʻi he lea ʻa Sefilī R. Hōlani “Ko e Tui ke Tali ʻa e Uí,” (Liahona, Siulai 2011, 52) fekauʻaki mo e tui ʻa e fāmili ʻo ʻIlisapeti Makiuné ʻi he taimi naʻe ui ai ke nau tokoni ki hono fokotuʻu ha nofoʻanga foʻou ki hono tānaki ʻo e Kāingalotú. Laukonga mei he peesi 52 ʻo kamata mei he palakalafi ʻoku kamata ʻaki e “Hangē ne ʻikai pē ha toe feituʻu ia ʻi he māmaní ʻe mahuʻinga …” pea fakaʻosi ʻaki e palakalafi ʻoku kamata ʻaki e “Ko ʻemau toki hiki foki ia ki ha fale foʻou …”
Sālesi Uoka mo Sālesi Lisi
Laukonga fekauʻaki mo e tui ʻo ha ongo tangata mo hona ongo fāmilí ʻa ia ne na tali ʻa e ui ke fokotuʻu ha ngaahi nofoʻanga foʻou ki hono tānaki fakataha ʻa e Kāingalotú, ʻi he Ko Hotau Tukufakaholó: Ko ha Hisitōlia Nounou ʻo e Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní (1996), 104–107. Laukonga mei he peesi 104, ʻo kamata mei he palakalafi ʻoku kamata ʻaki e “ʻI he ngaahi fakatahaʻanga ʻo e konifelenisi lahí, naʻe ui ai ʻe Palesiteni ʻIongi … ,” pea fakaʻosi ʻaki e palakalafi ʻi he peesi 106 ʻoku kamata ʻaki e “Kuo lahi ʻa e faingataʻá …”
Konga 2
Ko e hā e meʻa naʻá ne fakatupunga ʻa e Fakapō Fakatokolahi ʻi he Moʻunga Mētoú?
Lolotonga e 1850 tupú, ne hoko e fetaʻemahinoʻakí mo e felotokehekeheʻakí ke fakalalahi ai e vā ʻo e Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí mo e kau ngāue fakapuleʻanga ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití. Ne tui ʻa e Palesiteni ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití ko Sēmisi Piukēnaní ki he tukuakiʻi hala ne angatuʻu e Kāingalotú, naʻá ne fekauʻi atu ai ha kulupu fakakautau ʻe toko 1,500 ki Sōleki Siti ke tuku hifo e angatuʻu ko ʻeni ne tukuakiʻi ki aí.
Naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻe Palesiteni ʻIongi mo e kau taki kehe ʻo e Siasí, ʻi ha ngaahi malanga ki he Kāingalotú, ko e kau tau ʻoku haʻú ko e ngaahi filí ia. Ne nau manavasiʻi naʻa hanga ʻe he kau taú ʻo tuli e Kāingalotú mei he Vahefonua ʻIutaá, ʻo hangē ko hono tuli kinautolu kimuʻa mei ʻOhaiō, Mīsuli, mo ʻIlinoisí. Ne fakahinohino ʻe Palesiteni ʻIongi ki he Kāingalotú ke nau fakahaofi ha kēleni koeʻuhí ke nau maʻu meʻatokoni mei ai kapau ʻe fie maʻu ke nau hola mei he kau taú. ʻI heʻene hoko ko e kōvana ʻo e Vahefonua ʻIutaá, naʻá ne toe fakahinohinoʻi foki e kongakau fakavahefonuá ke nau teuteu ke maluʻi e vahefonuá. Naʻe teuteu e Kāingalotú ke nau hola mei honau ngaahi ʻapí mo e kelekelé pea fakaʻauha ia ʻo ka fie maʻu, ke nau hao mei he lingitotó.
Lolotonga e taimi ko ʻení, naʻe hū atu ki ʻIutā ha kau fononga saliote ne nau fou fakahihifo mei ʻĀkenisā ki Kalefōnia. Ne fakaʻau ke ʻita ha niʻihi ʻo e kau fononga salioté ʻi he faingataʻa ke nau fakatau mai ha kēleni naʻe fuʻu fie maʻu mei he Kāingalotú.
Ne fakalalahi ai ha fekeʻikeʻi ʻi Sita Siti, ko e kolo fakaʻosi ia ne nofoʻi ʻi ʻIutā he hala ki Kalefōniá. Naʻe hoko ai ha fakakikihi, pea fakamanamana ha niʻihi ʻo e kau fononga salioté te nau kau fakataha mo e kau tau fakapuleʻanga ʻoku haʻú ke fakafepakiʻi e Kāingalotú. Hili e mavahe ʻa e kau fononga salioté, naʻe loto ha niʻihi ʻo e kakaí mo e kau taki ʻi Sita Sití ke nau muimuiʻi mo tauteaʻi e kau tangata ne nau fakamanamanaʻi mo fakaʻitaʻi kinautolú.
Ne kole ʻe ʻAisake Haiti ko e pule kolo ʻo Sita Sití, ka ko ha mēsia fakakautau mo e palesiteni siteiki, ha ngofua mei he pule fakakautau ʻi Palouení, ko Uiliami Teimi, ke ui mai e kau taú ke nau fakafepakiʻi e kau angatuʻu mei he kau fononga salioté. Ka neongo iá, naʻe ʻikai tali ʻe Teimi ʻenau kolé peá ne fakahinohino ange ke ʻoua te nau tokanga ki he ngaahi fakamanamana ʻa e kau hikifonuá.
Naʻe ʻikai ke nau muimui ki he fakahinohino ko ʻení, ka naʻe palaniʻi ʻe ʻAisake Haiti mo e kau taki kehe ʻi Sita Sití ke nau fakalotoʻi e kau ʻInitia Kula Paiuté ke nau ʻohofi e kau fononga salioté, kaihaʻasi ha fanga pulu, pea tamateʻi ha niʻihi pe ko e kotoa ʻo e kakai tangatá. Naʻe kole ʻe Haiti kia Sione D. Lī, ko ha mēmipa fakalotofonua ʻo e Siasí mo ha mēsia fakakautau, ke ne taki e kau Paiuté ʻi he ʻohofi ko ʻení. Naʻá na faʻufaʻu ke tukuakiʻi e kau Paiuté ki he ngāué ni.
Naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻe ʻAisake Haiti ʻene palaní ki ha fakataha alēlea ʻa e Siasi fakalotofonuá, tukui koló, mo e kau taki fakakautaú. Ne ʻi ai ha kau mēmipa ʻe niʻihi ʻo e fakataha alēleá ne nau mātuʻaki taʻefiemālie ki he palani ʻa Haití pea ne nau fehuʻi pe naʻá ne ʻosi talatalaifale mo Palesiteni ʻIongi ki ai. ʻI heʻene pehē ne teʻeki aí, ne loto leva ʻa Haiti ke fekauʻi ha talafekau ki Sōleki Siti mo ha tohi ʻoku fakamatalaʻi ai e tūkungá mo ʻeke pe ko e hā e meʻa ʻoku totonu ke faí. ʻE fie maʻu ha uike ʻe taha kae toki aʻu ʻa e talafekaú ki Sōleki Siti pea foki mai mo e fakahinohino ʻa Palesiteni ʻIongí.
Kae kimuʻa siʻi pea mavahe ʻa e tokotaha talafekaú, naʻe tomuʻa ʻohofi ʻe Sione D. Lī ia mo ha kulupu ʻo e Kau ʻInitiá ʻa e ʻapitanga ʻo e kau hikifonuá ʻi ha potu naʻe ui ko e Moʻunga Mētoú. Naʻe feinga ʻa Lī ke ʻai ke hangē ko e kau Paiute fakalotofonuá pē naʻa nau kau aí. Naʻe mate pe lavea ha niʻihi ʻo e kau hikifonuá, pea tauʻi ʻe he toengá ʻa kinautolu ne ʻohofi kinautolú, ʻo pau ai ke holomui ʻa Lī mo e kau Paiuté. Ne vave hono fokotuʻutuʻu fakafuopotopoto ʻe he kau hikifonuá ʻenau ʻū salioté ke nau malu aí.
ʻI ha taimi ʻe taha, naʻe ʻiloʻi mai ʻe ha ongo tangata hikifonua ʻe toko ua ʻa e kau tangata fakakautau ʻo Sita Sití. Ne fanaʻi kinaua ʻe he kau taú ʻo mate ai ha toko taha. Naʻe hola e tangata ʻe tahá.
ʻI ha feinga ke taʻofi e mafola ʻa e ongoongo ne kau ʻa e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻi he ʻohofí, ne palani ai ʻe ʻAisake Haiti, Sione D. Lī, mo ha kau taki fakalotofonua kehe ʻo e Siasí mo e kau taki fakakautaú ke tāmateʻi kotoa e toenga ʻo e kau hikifonuá, tuku kehe pē ʻa e fānau īkí. “Naʻa nau toe kole pē ha ngofua meia Teimi ke ui atu e kau taú, pea naʻe toe fakahoko ʻe Teimi ha … fakataha alēlea, ʻa ia ne tuʻutuʻuni ai ʻoku totonu ke fekauʻi e kau tangatá ke nau tokoniʻi e kau hikifonua faingataʻaʻiá ke hoko atu ʻenau fonongá ʻi he melino. Naʻe toki tangi mamahi ʻa Haiti kimui ange ʻo pehē, ‘Kapau ne u maʻu ha māmani ne u foaki ia, kapau ne mau talangofua pē ā ki he tuʻutuʻuni ʻa e fakataha alēleá’” (Richard E. Turley Jr., “The Mountain Meadows Massacre,” Ensign, Sept. 2007, 18).
Hili ʻa e fakataha alēleá, naʻe lava ʻe ʻAisake Haiti ʻo fakalotoʻi ʻa Teimi ke ne toe fakakaukau lelei ki he tuʻutuʻuni ʻa e fakataha alēleá, pea naʻe mavahe ʻa Haiti mo e fakakaukau kuó ne maʻu e ngofua ke fakaʻaongaʻi e kau taú ke fakahoko ʻenau palaní. Naʻe ʻalu atu ʻa Sione D. Lī ki he kau hikifonuá ʻi he malumalu ʻo ha fuka hinehina ʻo e melinó mo ne pehē ʻe maluʻi kinautolu ʻe he kau taú mei ha toe ngaahi ʻohofi ʻo ne tataki fakafoki kinautolu ki Sita Siti.
ʻI he lue atu ʻa e kau hikifonuá ki Sita Sití, ne tafoki hake e kau taú ʻo fana kinautolu. Ne ʻoho mai mo e kau ʻInitia ne uki ʻe he kakai ʻo e koló mei honau toitoiʻangá ʻo kau he ʻohofí. ʻI he kau hikifonua ʻe toko 140 ne nau hoko ko ha konga ʻo e kau fononga salioté, ko e fānau iiki pē ʻe toko 17 ne fakahaofí.
Hili ha ʻaho ʻe ua mei he fakapō fakatokolahí, naʻe aʻutaki mai e tali ʻa Pilikihami ʻIongí mo e fakahinohino ke tuku pē ʻa e kau fononga salioté ke nau fononga ʻi he melino. “ʻI he taimi naʻe lau ai ʻe Haiti e ngaahi lea ʻa ʻIongí, naʻá ne tangi ʻo hangē ha kiʻi tamasiʻí pea ko e lea pē ʻeni naʻe lava ʻo ongo maí, ‘Kuo fuʻu tōmui, kuo fuʻu tōmui’” (Richard E. Turley Jr., “The Mountain Meadows Massacre,” Ensign, Sept. 2007, 20).
Ne iku ʻa e ngaahi fili ʻa ha niʻihi ʻo e kau taki ʻo e Siasí mo e kakai ne nofo ʻi he fakatonga ʻo e Vahefonua ʻIutaá ki he meʻa fakamamahi ko e Fakapō Fakatokolahi ʻi he Moʻunga Mētoú. ʻI he tafaʻaki ʻe tahá, naʻe fakaleleiʻi ʻe he kau taki ʻo e Siasí mo e kau taki fakavahefonua ʻi Sōleki Sití ʻa e vākovi mo e puleʻanga ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití ʻi ha ngaahi fepōtalanoaʻaki mo ha alea fakamelino ʻi he 1858. Lolotonga e vākovi ko ʻení—ʻa ia ne ui kimui ko e Tau ʻa ʻIutaá—ne feʻiteʻitani e kau tau ʻa e ʻIunaiteti Siteití mo e kongakau ʻa ʻIutaá ka naʻe ʻikai pē ke fai ha tau.
ʻI ha lea ʻa Palesiteni Henelī B. ʻAealingi ʻo e Kau Palesitenisī ʻUluakí ʻi he feituʻu fakamanatu ʻo e Fakapō Fakatokolahi ʻi he Moʻunga Mētoú ʻi he ʻaho 11 ʻo Sepitema ʻo e 2007, naʻá ne pehē ai:
ʻOku tapu ʻi he ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻoku tau tui ki aí, ʻa hono fakapoongi taʻeʻuhinga ha kakai tangata, fafine, mo e fānau. Ko hono moʻoní, ʻokú ne taukaveʻi e melinó mo e faʻa fakamolemolé. ʻOku fakafofongaʻi ʻe he meʻa ko ia ne fakahoko fuoloa heni ʻe ha kāingalotu hotau Siasí, ha fehalaaki fakamamahi mo ʻikai fakatonuhiaʻi he ʻoku fehangahangai ia mo e akonaki mo e ʻulungaanga faka-Kalisitiané. … ʻOku mau fakahaaʻi ʻa e fakaʻiseʻisa moʻoni ʻi he fakapō naʻe fakahoko ʻi he teleʻá ni … pea mo e mamahi lahi mo taʻeʻiloa ne foua ʻe he niʻihi naʻe fakapoongi he taimi ko iá pea mo honau kāinga ʻi he lolotonga ní. (Henry B. Eyring, “150th Anniversary of Mountain Meadows Massacre,” newsroom.ChurchofJesusChrist.org)
Fakalaulauloto ke Teuteu ki he Kalasí
Ko e hā ha niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi lēsoni te tau lava ʻo ako mei he ngaahi fili fakalilifu naʻe iku ai ki he Fakapō Fakatokolahi ʻi he Moʻunga Mētoú? Lau ʻa e Lea Fakatātā 28:13 mo e 3 Nīfai 12:24–25, 43–44, pea kumi ha ngaahi tefitoʻi moʻoni naʻá ne mei taʻofi e fakamamahi ko ʻení kapau naʻe muimui ki ai. Fakakaukau ki he founga ʻe lava ke taʻofi ai ʻe hono moʻui ʻaki e ngaahi tefitoʻi moʻoni ko ʻení ha fakamamahi pe faingataʻa ne ʻikai totonu ke hoko ʻi hoʻo moʻuí.