umfanekiso weengcinga

Iingcinga Zokugcinwa eNgqondweni

IiNcwadi zeMbali kwiTestamente Endala

Iincwadi zikaYoshuwa ukuya kuEstere zaziwa ngokwemveli njenge “ncwadi zembali” zeTestamente eNdala. Oku akuthethi ukuba ezinye iincwadi kwiTestamente Endala azinaxabiso lembali. Ngokunjalo, iincwadi zembali zibizwa oko ngenxa yokuba injongo engundoqo yababhali bazo yayikukubonisa isandla sikaThixo kwimbali yabantu bakwaSirayeli. Injongo yayingeyiyo yokushwankathela umthetho kaMoses, njengendlela iLevitikus kunye neDuteronomi zenza ngayo. Yayingeyiyo yokuvakalisa indumiso okanye ukukhala ngendlela yemibongo, njengendlela IiNdumiso kunye neziLilo zikaYeremiya zenza ngayo. Kwaye yayingeyiyo yokubhala amazwi wabaprofeti, njengendlela iincwadi zikaIsaya kunye noHezekile zenza ngayo. Endaweni yoko, iincwadi zembali zibalisa ibali.

Umcimbi weMbono

Ngokwendalo, elo bali lixelwa kwinqaku elithile loluvo—ngokwenyani, amanqaku athile woluvo. Njengokuba kungakwazeki ukujonga intyatyambo, ilitye, okanye umthi kumacala amaninzi ngexesha elinye, akunqandeki okokuba ingxelo yembali iya kubonisa imbono yomntu okanye yeqela labantu abayibhalayo. Le mbono iquka amaqhina zesizwe okanye zohlanga lwababhali kunye nezithethe zeenkcubeko zabo kunye neenkolelo zabo. Ukwazi oku kungasinceda siqonde ukuba ababhali kunye nabaqulunqi beencwadi zembali babeqwalasele kwiinkcukacha ezithile xeshikweni babeshiya ezinye ngaphandle.¹ Benza izigqibo ezithile abanye mhlawumbi ababengenakuzenza. Kwaye bafikelela kwizigqibo kwiziphetho ezazisekelwe phezu kwezo nkcukacha kunye nezo ngcinga. Sikwabona nkqu neembono ezahlukeneyo kwiincwadi zeBhayibhile (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngaphakathi kwencwadi enye).² Njengoko siya sibanolwazi oluthe vetshe malunga nezi mbono, singaziqonda ngokungcono iincwadi zembali.

Enye imbono exhaphakileyo kuzo zonke iincwadi zembali kwiTestamente eNdala yimbono yabantwana bakaSirayeli, abantu bakaThixo bomnqophiso. Ukholo lwabo eNkosini lwabanceda ukuba babone isandla saYo ebomini babo kunye nengenelelo kwaKhe kwimicimbi yesizwe sabo. Xeshikweni iincwadi zembali eqhelekileyo zidla ngokungaboni izinto ngale ndlela, le mbono yokomoya iyinxalenye yoko kwenza iincwadi zembali zeTestamente eNdala ukuba zixabiseke kangaka kwabo bafuna ukwakha ukholo lwabo kuThixo.

Umxholo weTestamente eNdala Ngokupheleleyo

Iincwadi zembali ziqala apho incwadi yeDuteronomi iphela khona, phantse ekupheleni kweminyaka yamaSirayeli ayebhadula entlango. Incwadi kaYoshuwa ibonisa abantwana bakaSirayeli belungele ukungena eKanan, ilizwe labo lesithembiso, kwaye ichaza indlela abalithatha ngayo. Iincwadi ezilandelayo, AbaGwebi ukuya 2 yeziKronike, zibonisa amava kaSirayeli kwilizwe lesithembiso, ukusukela kwixesha abathi bazinza kulo kude kuye kwixesha abathi boyiswa yi-Asiriya kunye neBhabheli. Iincwadi zikaEzra kunye noNehemiya zibalisa ngokubuya kwamaqela aliqela wamaSirayeli ebuyela kwisixeko sabo esikhulu, iYerusalem, eminyakeni engamashumi ngamashumi kamva. Ekugqibeleni, incwadi kaEstere ibalisa ngebali lamaSirayeli awayephila elubhacweni phantsi kolawulo lwamaPersi.

Kwaye kulapho imbali yokulandelelana ngokwamaxesha yeTestamente eNdala iphela khona. Abanye abafunda iBhayibhile okokuqala bayamangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba sele begqibile ngokwenene ukufunda ibali leTestamente eNdala ngaphambili kokuba bafunde okungaphezu kwesiqingatha samaphepha wayo. Emva koEstere, asifumani nkcukacha zininzi malunga nembali yamaSirayeli. Endaweni yoko, iincwadi ezilandelayo—ngakumbi iincwadi zabaprofeti—zingena ngaphakathi kwixesha elichazwa zezi ncwadi zembali.³ Ulungiselelo lomprofeti uYeremiya, ngokomzekelo, lwenzeka ngexesha lweziganeko ezibhalwe kwi 2 OoKumkani 22–25 (kunye nengxelo enxusene nayo kwi 2 yeziKronike 34–36). Ukwazi oku kungaphembelela indlela ofunda ngayo amabali embali kunye neencwadi zesiprofeto.

isandla sibambe iqhekeza yephazili yemifanekiso phezu kwetafile

Eminye imihlathi yezibhalo ezingcwele isenokufana neengceba zephazili esingaziyo ukuba sizifaka kanjani kwiphazili epheleleyo.

Xa Into Ethile Ingangeni

Xa ufunda iTestamente eNdala, njengokufana nayiphina imbali, kusenokwenzeka ufunde malunga nabantu abenza okanye abatsho izinto ezo, kumaxesha angoku, zibonakala zingaqhelekanga okanye nkqu nezikhathazayo. Kumele sikulindele oku—ababhali beTestamente eNdala babebona ihlabathi kwimbono eyayehlukile kule yethu, ngokwezinye iindlela. Ubundlobongela, ubudlelwane bobuhlanga, kunye neendima zabafazi yeyinye yemiba ababhali bamandulo mhlawumbi ebabeyibone ngokwahlukileyo kunoko thina sikubonayo namhlanje.

Ngoko ke yintoni ekumele siyenze xa sidibana naloo mihlathi kwizibhalo ezingcwele ebonakala ikhathaza? Okokuqala, kunokunceda ukucingisisa ngomhlathi ngamnye ngokomxholo okwimeko ebanzi . Ingaba ungena kanjani kwicebo likaThixo losindiso? Ingaba ungena kanjani koko ukwaziyo malunga nendalo kaBawo oseZulwini noYesu Krestu? Ingaba ungena kanjani kwiinyaniso ezityhiliweyo kwezinye izibhalo ezingcwele okanye kwiimfundiso zabaprofeti abaphilayo? Ingaba ungena kanjani ekusebezeni koMoya entliziyweni yakho nasengqondweni yakho?

Kwezinye iindawo, umhlathi usenokubonakala ngathi awungeni kakuhle nakwenye yezi. Ngamanye amaxesha umhlathi usenokufana nengceba yephazili engakhangeleki ngathi inendawo phakathi kwezinye iingceba osowuzihlanganisile. Ukuzama ukunyanzela ingceba ukuba ingene akuyiyo yona ndlela egqwesileyo. Kodwa nokunikezela kwiphazili ngokupheleleyo akulunganga. Endaweni yoko, usenokudinga ukuba ubekele bucala ingceba okwangoku. Njengoko ufunda okuninzi kwaye uhlanganisa okuninzi kwephazili, usenokukwazi ukubona ngokungcono ukuba iingceba zingena kanjani kunye.

Kusenokunceda ukukhumbula ukuba ekongezeleleni ekubeni uqingqelwe ngokwembono ethile, iimbali zezibhalo ezingcwele zisenokuxhomekeka kwimpazamo yabantu (bona IziVumo zoKholo 1:8). Ngokomzekelo, eminyakeni engamawaka-waka “izinto ezininzi ezicacileyo nezixabisekileyo [zasuswa] kuyo [iBhayibhile],” kuquka neenyaniso ezibalulekileyo kunye neemfundiso (1Nifayi 13:28; bona kwakho imiqolo 29,40). Kwangaxesha linye, kumele silangazelele ukuvuma ukuba iimbono zethu nazo ziqingqiwe: kuya kusoloko kunezinto esingaziqondiyo ngokupheleleyo kunye nemibuzo esingenakuyiphendula okwangoku.

Ukufumana Amatye anqabileyo

Kodwa okwangoku, imibuzo engekaphendulwa ayidingi ukuba isivalele kwiinqobo ezintle zenyaniso yanaphakade ezifumaneka kwiTestamente eNdala—nkqu nokokuba ezo nqobo ngamanye amaxesha zifihlakele kumhlaba onamatye wamava akhathazayo kunye nokhetho olubi olwenziwa ngabantu abangagqibelelanga. Mhlawumbi ezona zintle kakhulu kwezi nqobo ngamabali kunye nemihlathi engqina ngothando lukaThixo—ngakumbi ezo zalathisa iingqondo zethu kwidini likaYesu Krestu. Nokuba uzijonge kweliphina icala, iinqobo ezifana nezi zikhazimla ngokuqaqambileyo nanamhlanje njengokufana noko kwangelo xesha. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba ezi ngxelo zibalisa ngabantu bomnqophiso bakaThixo—amadoda nabafazi ababenobuthathaka bomntu kwaye kanti babeyithanda kwaye beyikhonza iNkosi—iinqobo zenyaniso ziyaphuphuma kwiincwadi zembali kwiTestamente eNdala.

Izikhumbuzo

1. Amabali embali weBhayibhile esinawo namhlanje ngokuyintloko angumsebenzi wababhali nabaqulunqi abaninzi abangathiywanga, abathi ngamanye amaxesha basebenza iminyaka emininzi, kunye neenkulungwane zeminyaka, emva kwamaxesha abawachazayo. Babethembele kwimithombo eliqela yembali kwaye baye benza izigqibo malunga noko kwakumele bakuquke kwiingxelo zabo kwakunye noko bakushiya ngaphandle.

2. Ngokomzekelo, nangona 1–2 yeziKronike zibandakanya ixesha elifanayo nelo liku 1 Samuweli 31 ukuya ekupheleni koo 2 Kumkani, 1–2 yeziKronike zigxininisa iinkcukacha ezahlukileyo kwaye zisinika imbono eyahlukileyo. Ngokungafaniyo no 1 Samuweli–2 OoKumkani, 1–2 yeziKronike kugxininisa phantse kuBukumkani baseZantsi bakwaYuda kwaye kushiya amabali amabi ngoDavide kunye noSolomon (thelekisa, ngokomzekelo, 2 Samuweli 10–12 kunye ne 1yeziKronike 19–20 kunye noo 1 OoKumkani 10–11 nee 2 yeziKronike 9). Uze, Undilandele ugxininisa ekufundeni ingxelo ku 1kunye 2 OoKumkani, nangona kukhona ixabiso ekuthelekiseni 1 kunye ne 2 yeziKronike. Kusenokunceda ukwazi ukuba umsebenzi ku 1 Samuweli–2 OoKumkani kusenokwenzeka ukuba waqala ngaphambili kokuba uBukumkani baseBhabheli boyise uYuda kwaye wagqitywa ngexesha laselubhacweni eBhabheli. Uxwebhu olwaye lwabazi 1–2 yeziKronike, kwelinye icala, lwaluqulunqwe emva kokuba amaYuda ebuyele eYerusalem elubhacwe lwabo. Njengoko ufunda, usenokucingisisa ngokuba iimeko ezahlukeneyo zazingazichaphazela njani iimbono zabaqulunqi beengxelo ezahlukeneyo.

3. Ukuya ngasekuqaleni kwesi sixhobo uya kufumana “Isishwankathelo seTestamente eNdala,” umgca wexesha obonisa ukuba ulungiselelo lomprofeti ngamnye lwalungena njani kwimbali kaSirayeli (kananjalo inokumiselwa). Uya kuqwalasela ukuba uninzi lweencwadi zesiprofeto zeTestamente eNdala ziwela kufutshane ngasekupheleni kwalo mgca wexesha—nje ngaphambili kunye nasemva kokuba abantwana bakaSirayeli boyiswe, babhaciswe, kwaye basasazwe ziintshaba zabo.