Hisitōlia ʻo e Siasí
18 Kuo Tōmui


“Kuo Tōmui,” vahe 18 ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoní: Ko e Talanoa ʻo e Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí, Voliume 2, ʻIkai Ha Nima Taʻemaʻa, 1846–1893 (2019)

Vahe 18: “Kuo Tōmui”

Vahe 18

Kuo Tōmui

ʻĪmisi
ko ha fuka hinehina ʻi ha vaʻakau

Lolotonga e faʻahitaʻu māfana ʻo e 1857, naʻe fononga ʻa ʻIohani mo Kali Toliasi ki Saione ‘i ha kulupu fononga saliote ʻo ha Kāingalotu Sikenitinēvia ʻe toko tolu ngeau nai.1 Naʻe aʻu e toko lahi taha ʻo e kulupú ki he fakahahake ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití ʻi Mē. Naʻe nofo ʻa ʻIohani ke malangaʻi e ongoongoleleí ʻi Noaue mo Tenimaʻake ʻi ha taimi fuoloa hili e hiki ʻa ʻene tamaí mo e tuofāfiné ki Saioné, pea naʻe ongoʻi fiefia ʻi hono lotó ʻi he faifai peá ne mamata ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteití.2 Ka naʻe ʻikai fuoloa, kuo ʻilo ʻe heʻene kulupú kau ki hono tāmateʻi ʻo Paʻale Pālati mo e kongakau ʻe toko tahaafe nima ngeau ne nau laka atu ke puleʻi e Kāingalotu ʻi ʻIutaá.3

Naʻa nau ʻilo foki kau ki he kau hikifonua fononga saliote ne nau pekia ʻi he halá he taʻu kimuʻá. Hangē ko ia ne ʻamanaki ki ai ʻa Pilikihamí, naʻe vave mo maʻamaʻa ange e fononga saliote toho tangata ʻi he ngaahi tūkunga angamahení, ʻi he fononga saliote toho ʻe he fanga pulú. Ko e ngaahi kulupu fononga saliote toho tangata ʻe nima ne haʻu ki he teleʻá, naʻe tūʻuta e ʻuluaki kulupu ʻe tolú ʻo ʻikai hoko ha fakatamaki lahi. Pea naʻe mei lava pē ke taʻofi e nunuʻa kovi ne hoko ki he ongo kulupu kehé, kapau ne palani lelei mo fealēleaʻaki ha niʻihi ʻo e kau taki ʻi he fehikitakí. Ke fakaʻehiʻehi mei ha toe fakatamaki ʻe hoko, naʻe fakapapauʻi leva ʻe he kau fakafofonga fehikitakí he taimi ko ʻení ke tuku atu e ngaahi kulupu fonongá ʻi ha taimi feʻunga ke nau tūʻuta hao ki he teleʻá.4

‘I he konga ki mui ʻo ʻAokosí, naʻe fononga vāofi ki ʻIutā ʻa ʻIohani, Kali mo ʻena kulupú ʻi ha vahaʻataimi mo e kongakau kuo fakamahafu mo maʻu ha naunau feʻunga. Neongo naʻe tui e kakai toko lahi ne fie maʻu ʻe he kongakaú ke nau puleʻi mo fakamamahiʻi e Kāingalotú, ka naʻe ʻikai ke fakamamahiʻi pe ngaohikovia e kau fehikitakí lolotonga ʻenau fononga fakatahá.5

ʻI he ʻaho ʻe taha, fakafuofua ki ha maile ʻe uangeau nai mei he Teleʻa Sōlekí, naʻe maʻu ʻe he kau fehikitakí ha pulu ʻa e kongakaú naʻe lavea hono vaʻé he halá. Naʻe pehē ʻe he taki ʻi he saliote meʻakai ʻa e kongakaú, “Mou maʻu ʻe kimoutolu e pulu ko iá. ‘Oku ou tui pē te mou fie maʻu ha kiʻi kakanoʻi manu.”

Naʻe maʻu fiefia ʻe he Kāingalotú e monumanú. Naʻe totonu ke ʻosi fononga mai e ngaahi saliote tokoni mei he teleʻá, ka naʻe teʻeki ke nau aʻu mai. ʻI he nounou e ngaahi maʻuʻanga meʻatokoni kehe ʻa e Kāingalotú, naʻa nau lau e kakanoʻi pulú ko ha tāpuaki mei he ʻOtuá.

Ne faifai pea vave ange e ngaahi saliote toho tangatá ʻi he kongakaú. ‘I heʻenau fakaofi ki ʻIutaá, naʻe vēkeveke ʻa ʻIohani ke kamata e ngāue mahuʻinga naʻe hanganaki mai kiate iá. Lolotonga ʻene fononga ʻi he ʻAtalanitikí, naʻá ne mali mo ha fefine Noaue ne kau ki he Siasí ko Kēleni Falaniseni. Naʻe mali hono tokoua ko Kalí mo ha fefine Noaue ʻe taha ko ʻĒleni Lofiseni ne kau ki he Siasí, ʻi he taimi tatau pē. Ne palani e kau faifekau mālōlō ʻi ʻIutaá ke nau nofo, ko e fuofua taimi ia ʻi ha ngaahi taʻu lahi—mahalo ʻo ofi ki he toenga ʻo e fāmili Toliasí—pea fiefia ʻi heʻenau moʻui foʻou ʻi Saioné.6

Ka naʻe kei taʻepau ʻa e kahaʻú. Naʻe angaʻofa e kau sōtiá ki he Kāingalotú he halá. Te nau fai nai e meʻa tatau ʻi heʻenau laka atu ki he vahefonuá?


ʻI he ʻaho 25 ʻo ʻAokosi 1857, naʻe fakafeʻao ʻe Sēkope Hemipilini, ko e palesiteni ʻo e misiona ʻInitia ʻi he fakatonga ʻo ʻIutaá, ʻa Siaosi A. Sāmita ki Sōleki Siti. Naʻa nau fononga fakatokelau mo ha kulupu ʻa ha kau taki mei he matakali ʻInitia Paiuté. ʻI hono ʻilo ʻe Pilikihami ʻe fengāueʻaki e kau Paiuté mo e Kāingalotú kapau ʻe ʻosi e kē mo e kongakaú, naʻá ne fakaafeʻi mai e kau takí ki he koló ki ha fakataha alēlea.7 ‘E hoko ʻa Sēkope ko ha tokotaha liliu lea lolotonga e ngaahi fakatahá.8

‘I he vaeuaʻanga mālie nai ʻo e hala ki Sōleki Sití, naʻe nofo kemi e kiʻi kulupú ʻi he veʻe matavai ʻo hanga atu ki ha kulupu fononga saliote ʻa ha kau hikifonua mei ʻĀkanisesi, ko ha siteiti ʻi he fakatonga ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití. Hili e tō ʻa e laʻaá, naʻe omi ha kau tangata mei he kulupu ʻĀkanisesí ʻo fakafeʻiloaki kinautolu ki he kulupú.9

Ne ʻi ai ha kakai nai ʻe toko 140 ʻi he kulupú, ko e toko lahi taha ʻo kinautolu ne nau kei talavou mo vēkeveke ke kamata ha moʻui foʻou ʻi Kalefōnia. Naʻe ʻi ai ha niʻihi ne nau mali mo fononga mo ha fānau kei iiki. Naʻe taki ai ʻa ʻAlekisānita Felenisā mo Sione Peika. Ko Kapiteni Felenisaá, naʻá ne folau ki Kalefōnia kimuʻa, ko ha taki angamaheni ia naʻe ʻiloa ki heʻene angatonú mo e loto-toʻá. Naʻá na hoko mo hono uaifi ko ʻĪlisá ko e mātuʻa ki ha fānau ʻe toko hiva, ʻa ia ne nau ʻi he kulupú kotoa. Naʻe fononga ʻa Kapiteni Peika mo ha toko tolu ʻo ʻene fānau lalahí pea mo ha mokopuna tangata kei valevale.

Naʻe ʻi ai ha fanga ʻasi, fanga hoosi, mo e fanga pulu ʻa e kulupú ke toho ʻenau salioté. Naʻa nau fononga foki mo ha fanga pulu meʻa tui loloa, ʻa ia te nau lava ʻo fakatau atu ke maʻu ai haʻanau tupu ʻi heʻenau aʻu ki Kalefōniá, ʻo kapau te nau fafanga e fanga pulú pea tauhi ke moʻui lelei ʻi he halá.10

Fakafuofua ki he taimi naʻe fuofua fononga ai ʻa Kapiteni Felenisā ki Kalefōniá, naʻe lahi ha loto ʻataʻatā musie mo e ngaahi feituʻu mahu he vaí ʻi he hala fakatonga ki ʻIutaá. Talu mei he taimi ko iá, naʻe ʻi ai ha ngaahi nofoʻanga foʻou he halá ʻo faingataʻa ai ki he ngaahi saliote lalahí ke tokangaʻi ʻenau fanga monumanú taʻekau ai e tokoni ʻa e Kāingalotú. ʻI he fakaofi mai ko ʻeni ʻa e kongakaú, naʻe huʻuhuʻu mo ʻita e Kāingalotú ki he kakai ne sola ki he feituʻú. Naʻe talangofua e toko lahi ki he faleʻi ko ia ke ʻoua ʻe fakatau ha meʻakai ki he kakai solá.11

Naʻe hohaʻa e kulupu ʻĀkanisesí ki he fakamakehekehe ʻa e Kāingalotú. Naʻe fou atu e hala ʻi muʻá ʻi ha niʻihi ʻo e konga fonua vela mo pakukā taha ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteití. ʻE faingataʻa e fonongá kapau he ʻikai ha feituʻu ke toe fakafonu mei ai e naunau tokoní, fafanga mo fakainu ʻenau fanga monumanú, pea nau mālōlō ai.12

Naʻe talaange ʻe Sēkope Hemipilini ki he kulupú fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi feituʻu faiʻanga kemi lelei ʻi he halá. Ko e lelei tahá ko ha teleʻa maʻuiʻui, ʻi he fakatonga pē ʻo ʻene fāmá, ne lahi ai e vaí mo e musie maʻá e fanga pulú. Ko ha feituʻu nonga ia naʻe ui ko e Moʻunga Mētoú.13


Hili ha ngaahi ʻaho mei ai, naʻe afe e kulupu ʻĀkanisesí ʻi Sita Siti, naʻe maile ʻe uangeau nima ngofulu ki he fakatonga ʻo Sōleki Sití, ke fakatau mai ha naunau tokoni kimuʻa pea nau hoko atu ki he Moʻunga Mētoú. Ko Sita Siti ʻa e nofoʻanga lahi taha ʻi he fakatonga ʻo ʻIutaá pea ne tuʻu ai e kautaha ngaahi ukamea ʻa e Kāingalotú, ʻa ia ne ʻikai ola lelei he taimi ko ʻení. Naʻe masiva mo faʻa liʻekina e kakai ʻo e feituʻú.14

Naʻe ʻilo ʻe he kulupú ha tangata he tuʻa koló naʻá ne loto-fiemālie ke fakatau ange kiate kinautolu ha puha uite teʻeki momosi ʻe nima ngofulu. Naʻe ō ha niʻihi ʻo e kau mēmipa he kulupú mo e uite mo ha koane ne nau fakatau mei he kau ʻInitiá, ki ha fale momosiʻanga kēleni naʻe fakalele ʻe Filipe Kilikenisāmita, ko e pīsope fakalotofonuá, ʻa ia naʻá ne ʻoange ha totongi mamafa fau ki hono momosi e kēlení.15

Lolotonga iá, naʻe feinga ha kau mēmipa kehe ʻo e kulupú ke fakatau ʻi ha falekoloa he koló. ʻOku ʻikai ʻilo e meʻa hoko naʻe hoko aí. Hili ha ngaahi taʻu mei ai, naʻe manatu e kakai ne nofo ʻi Sita Sití ne ʻikai maʻu ʻe he tauhi falekoloá e ngaahi meʻa ne fie maʻu ʻe he kakai hikifonuá—pe naʻe ʻikai pē ke ne loto ke fakatau atu kiate kinautolu.16 Naʻe manatuʻi ʻe ha kakai ʻe niʻihi naʻe ʻita ha kau mēmipa toko siʻi ʻo e kulupú pea fakamanamana ke nau tokoni ki he kau sōtiá ke tuli e Kāingalotú ʻi he tūʻuta mai pē e kongakaú. Naʻe pehē ʻe he niʻihi kehe naʻe pehē ʻe ha tangata ʻi he kulupú naʻá ne maʻu e meʻafana ne tāmateʻi ʻaki e palōfita ko Siosefa Sāmitá.17

Naʻe feinga ʻa Kapiteni Felenisā ke mapuleʻi e kau tangata loto-ʻitá.18 Ka naʻe ʻilo ʻe honau niʻihi e ʻapi ʻo ʻAisake Haiti ko e pule koló, ʻa ia naʻe hoko foki ko e palesiteni fakasiteikí mo ha mēsia ʻi he kau taú, ʻo nau kaila fakamanamana kiate ia.19 Naʻe hola ʻa ʻAisake he matapā ʻi he tafaʻaki ki muí, ʻo maʻu ʻa Sione Haikipi, ko e polisi fakakoló, pea tapou kiate ia ke ne puke e kau tangatá.

Naʻe ʻalu ʻa Haikipi ki he kau tangatá pea talaange kiate kinautolu ko e fakatupu moveuveú mo e lea koví naʻe fepaki ia mo e ngaahi lao fakalotofonuá. Naʻe poleʻi ia ʻe he kau tangatá ke ne puke pōpula kinautolu. Pea nau mavahe leva mei he koló.20


Kimui ange ‘i he ʻaho ko iá, naʻe ʻave ʻe ʻAisake Haiti mo ha kau taki kehe ʻi Sita Siti ha fekau kia Viliami Tame, ko e komanitā ʻo e kau tau fakavahé mo e palesiteni fakasiteiki ʻi he kolo ofi mai ko Palouaní, ʻo kumi faleʻi ki he meʻa ke fai ki he kau hiki fonuá. Neongo ko e toko lahi taha e kulupú ne ʻikai ke nau fakatupu moveuveu, pea ʻikai ke nau fakalaveaʻi ha taha he kakai ʻo e koló, ka naʻe ʻita e kakai ʻo e koló ʻi he mavahe ʻa e kau hiki fonuá. Ne kamata honau niʻihi ke fokotuʻutuʻu ha sāuni.

Naʻe vahevahe ʻe Viliami e fekau ʻa ʻAisaké mo ha fakataha alēlea ʻo e kau taki he Siasí mo e koló, pea nau pehē ai mahalo naʻe ʻikai fakatuʻutāmaki e kulupu ʻĀkanisesí. Naʻe faleʻi ʻa Viliami kia ʻAisake ʻi ha tohi ʻo pehē, “ʻOua ʻe tokanga ki heʻenau fakamanamaná. ʻOku hangē pē e ngaahi leá ko e havilí—he ʻikai lavea ai ha taha.”21

‘I he taʻefiemālie ʻa ʻAisaké, naʻá ne fekau kia Sione D. Lī, ko ha tangata Siasi ʻi ha kolo kaungāʻapi, ke haʻu. Naʻe akoʻi ʻe Sione e ngoué ki he kau Paiuté pea naʻe lelei ʻaupito honau vā fetuʻutakí. Naʻá ne ngāue mālohi mo vēkeveke ke fakahaaʻi ia ʻi he ngaahi nofoʻanga fakatongá.22

Lolotonga e tatali ʻa ʻAisake ke aʻu mai ʻa Sioné, naʻá ne fakataha mo e kau taki kehe ʻi Sita Sití ke fokotuʻutuʻu ʻene palani sāuní. ʻI he fakatonga ʻo e Moʻunga Mētoú, he hala ki Kalefōniá, ne ʻi ai ha lilifa lau siʻi ʻe lava e kau Paiuté ʻo ʻohofi e ʻū salioté, tāmateʻi ha niʻihi pe kotoa e kau tangatá, pea ʻave ʻenau fanga pulú. Ko hono fakakātoá ko ha kakai melino, pea naʻe kau honau niʻihi ki he Siasí. Ka naʻe tui ʻa ʻAisake ʻe lava ʻe Sione ʻo fakalotoʻi kinautolu ke ʻohofi e kulupú.23

‘I he tūʻuta atu pē ʻa Sioné, naʻe talaange ʻe ʻAisake kau ki he kau hikifonuá, mo toutou fakahoko ange e talanoa sasala ko ia ne pehē ʻe ha taha ʻo kinautolu naʻá ne maʻu e meʻafana ne tāmateʻi ʻaki e palōfita ko Siosefá.24 Naʻe pehē ʻe ʻAisake, “Kapau he ʻikai fai ha meʻa ke taʻofi ia, ʻe fakahoko ʻe he kau hikifonuá ʻenau fakamanamaná pea kaihaʻa mei he nofoʻanga takatakai kotoa pē ʻi he fakatongá.”25

Naʻá ne kole kia Sione ke ne fakalotoʻi e kau Paiuté ke nau ʻohofi e kulupú. Naʻá ne pehē, “Kapau te nau tāmateʻi ha konga pe kotoa kinautolu, ʻe toe lelei ange ia.” Ka naʻe ʻikai ʻilo ia ʻe ha taha ko e kau pālangí ne nau tuʻutuʻuni e ʻohofí.

ʻE fai e tukuakiʻí ki he kau Paiuté.26


‘I he hoʻatā Sāpate ʻaho 6 ʻo Sepitemá, naʻe toe fakataha e kau taki ʻi Sita Sití ke aleaʻi e kulupu ʻĀkanisesí, kuo nau nofo kemi he taimi ko ʻení ʻi he Moʻunga Mētoú. ʻI he tui ha kau tangata toko siʻi he fakataha alēleá naʻe ʻi ai e kaunga ha mēmipa ʻo e kulupú ki he pekia ʻa Siosefa mo Hailame Sāmitá pe naʻe loto ha kakai ʻe niʻihi he kulupú ke tokoni ki he kongakaú ke tāmateʻi e Kāingalotú, naʻa nau poupouʻi ai e palani ke fakaʻaiʻai e kau Paiuté ke nau ʻohofi e kulupú.27

Naʻe tapou ha niʻihi kehe he fakataha alēleá ke nau tokanga, pea ʻikai fuoloa kuo fakahā ʻe ha kau tangata toko lahi ange ʻenau veiveiua ki he palaní.28 Naʻe ʻita ʻa ʻAisake ʻo puna mei hono seá pea hū fakaʻita ki tuʻa. Lolotonga iá, naʻe fokotuʻu ʻe he fakataha alēleá ke fekauʻi atu ha taha heka hoosi fakavavevave ʻo kumi faleʻi meia Pilikihami ʻIongi.29 Ka ‘i he hoʻatā Mōnité, naʻe teʻeki ke fekauʻi atu ha taha.

ʻI he ʻaho tatau pē ko iá, ʻaho 7 ʻo Sepitemá, naʻe maʻu ai ʻe ʻAisake ha fekau meia Sione D. Lī. ʻI he pongipongi ko iá, naʻe ʻohofi ai ʻe Sione mo ha kulupu ʻo ha kau Paiute e kau hikifonua ʻi he Moʻunga Mētoú. Neongo naʻe ʻuluaki momou e kau Paiuté ke nau kau, ka naʻe palōmesi ʻa Sione mo ha kau taki fakalotofonua kehe te nau maʻu e meʻa te nau toʻo mei he kakaí ʻo kapau te nau kau ʻi he ʻohofí.30

Naʻe ʻohovale ʻa ʻAisake ʻi he ongoongó. Fakatatau ki he palaní, naʻe totonu ke hoko e ʻohofí hili e mavahe e kulupu ʻĀkanisesí mei he mētoú, kae ʻikai kimuʻa ai. Naʻe lipooti ʻe Sione he taimi ko ʻení kuo tāmateʻi ha kau hikifonua ʻe toko fitu pea lavea ha toko hongofulu mā ono kehe. Naʻe tuʻu takatakai e kau hikifonuá ʻi heʻenau ngaahi salioté, ʻo fakafetau pea tāmateʻi ha Paiute ʻe taha.31

ʻI hono kapa e Moʻunga Mētoú, naʻe tohi ʻa ʻAisake kia Pilikihami ʻIongi ʻo kumi faleʻi. Naʻá ne lipooti ʻo pehē naʻe ʻohofi ʻe he kau Paiuté ha kau fononga saliote. Naʻá ne pehē naʻe fakamanamanaʻi ʻe he kau hikifonuá e Kāingalotu ʻi Sita Sití, ka naʻá ne taʻofi e kau ʻa e kakaí ʻi hono fokotuʻutuʻu mo fakahoko e ʻohofí.32

Naʻe ʻoange ʻe ʻAisake e tohí kia Sēmisi Hesilami, ko ha sōtia kei talavou, pea fekauʻi ia ke ne heka ʻi ha hoosi ʻo ʻalu ki Sōleki Siti he vave tahá.33 Naʻá ne tohi leva kia Sione. Naʻá ne tohi ʻo pehē, “Te ke feinga ho lelei tahá ke fakamamaʻo e kau ʻInitiá mei he kau hikifonuá pea maluʻi kinautolu mei he fakatamakí kae ʻoua kuo tuku atu ha toe ngaahi fakahinohino.”34

Naʻe ʻilo ʻe ʻAisake he efiafi ko iá, ʻi he hili hono ʻohofi ʻe Sione mo e kau Paiuté ʻa e kulupú, naʻe ʻalu ha Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho kimui ní kuo nau fakamahafu pea kumi ʻi he feituʻú ki ha ongo mēmipa ʻo e kulupú naʻá na mavahe mei he Moʻunga Mētoú he konga kimuʻa e uike ko iá ke tānaki e fanga pulu ne holá. Naʻe maʻu ʻe he kau tangatá e ongo tangata hikifonuá pea fanaʻi ha taha ʻo kinaua. Naʻe hola e tangata ʻe tahá ʻo foki ki he nofoʻanga kemi ʻa e kulupú, kuó ne ʻilo naʻe ʻohofi ia ʻe ha ongo tangata papālangi.

Kapau ne ʻikai ʻiloʻi kimuʻa ʻe he kau hikifonuá ne kau e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho kimui ní ʻi hono ʻohofi honau nofoʻanga kemí, naʻa nau ʻilo ia he taimi ko ʻení.35


Hili ha ‘aho ʻe ua mei ai, naʻe fakataha ʻa ʻAisake ʻi he ʻaho 9 ʻo Sepitemá mo e polisi fakakolo ko Sione Haikipí, ʻa ia naʻe toki foki mai mei hono kapa e feituʻú.36 Talu mei he fuofua tāmaté, kuo taki ʻe Sione D. Lī ha ngaahi ʻohofi iiki ʻo e kulupú.37 Naʻe ʻiloʻi ʻe Haikipi ʻe faifai pea ʻosi e vai mo e naunau tokoni ʻa e kau hikifonuá. Ka ʻe fou atu ha ngaahi saliote fononga lahi ange ʻi he feituʻú mahalo ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho siʻi ka hoko maí, pea lava ke nau ʻilo e kau ʻa e Kāingalotú ʻi he ʻohofí.38

Ke fufuuʻi e kau ʻa e kau nofo fonuá, naʻe fakakaukau ai ʻa ʻAisake mo Haikipi naʻe pau ke fakangata ʻe he kau sōtia fakalotofonuá e kapa ko ʻení. Naʻe pau ke tāmateʻi e tokotaha kotoa ʻi he kulupú te nau lava ʻo tala e kakai ne nau ʻohofi kinautolú.39

Hili e fakatahá, naʻe ʻalu ʻa ʻAisake ki Palouani ke maʻu ha ngofua meia Viliami Tame ke tuʻutuʻuni e kongakaú ke nau ʻohofi e kau hikifonuá. ʻI he kei tui ko ia ʻa Viliami mo ʻene fakataha alēleá naʻe ʻohofi e kau hikifonuá ʻe he kau ʻInitiá, naʻa nau loto ke fekauʻi atu e kongakaú ki he Moʻunga Mētoú ke nau maluʻi e kulupú mo tokoni ke hoko atu ʻenau fonongá.40

Ka ʻi ha fakataha fakataautaha mo Viliami, naʻe fakahā ai ʻe ʻAisake ne kau e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho kimui ní ʻi he ʻohofí pea naʻe ʻiloʻi ia ʻe he kau hikifonuá. Naʻá ne pehē ko e meʻa pē ke nau fai he taimi ko ʻení ki hono tāmateʻi ha taha ʻoku lahi feʻunga ke fakamoʻoni ki he kau atu ʻa e kau nofo fonuá.41

ʻI he tō mamafa kia Viliami e ngaahi leá ni, naʻá ne tukunoaʻi e tuʻutuʻuni ʻa ʻene fakataha alēleá pea fakangofua ke fai ha ʻohofi.42


ʻI he ʻaho hono hokó, ʻaho 10 ʻo Sepitemá, ne fakataha ai ʻa Pilikihami ʻIongi mo Sēkope Hemipilini ʻi Sōleki Siti ke ako ki he founga tānaki meʻakai ʻa e kau Paiuté. Kapau naʻe fie maʻu ke hola e Kāingalotú ki he ʻotu moʻungá ʻi he tūʻuta e kongakaú, naʻe loto ʻa Pilikihami ke ne ʻiloʻi e founga ke nau moʻui ai ʻi he ʻotu moʻunga tokakoví.43

Ka naʻe hangē ne ʻikai fuʻu fakatuʻutāmaki e kongakaú ʻo hangē ko ia ne fakakaukau ki ai e Kāingalotú. Naʻe toki haʻu ki he koló ha fakafofonga mei he kongakaú ʻo fakahā ange ne ʻikai fakataumuʻa e kau sōtiá ke fakalaveaʻi e Kāingalotú. Ne ngalingali foki he ʻikai aʻu e toko lahi taha ʻo e kongakaú ki he feituʻú kimuʻa he faʻahitaʻu momokó.44

ʻI he talanoa ʻa Pilikihami mo Sēkopé, naʻe hū atu ʻa Sēmisi Hesilami ko e talafekau mei Sita Sití, ʻo fakahohaʻasi e fakatahá ʻaki ʻene pōpoaki fekauʻaki mo hono kapa e Moʻunga Mētoú.45 Naʻe lau ʻe Pilikihami e tohí peá ne sio ki he talafekaú. Kuo fononga ʻa Sēmisi ʻi ha maile ʻe 250 he ʻaho ʻe tolu—ʻo ʻikai mohe. ʻI hono ʻilo ʻe Pilikihami ne siʻi e taimí, naʻá ne kole ange pe te ne lava ʻo toe foki mo ʻene talí ki Sita Siti. Naʻá ne talaange te ne lava.46

Naʻe talaange ʻe Pilikihami ke ne mohe pea toki foki mai ʻo ʻave ʻene talí.47 Naʻe ʻalu ʻa Sēmisi pea tohi hifo ʻe Pilikihami ʻene talí. Naʻá ne fakahinohino ʻo pehē, “ʻI he fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi saliote hikifonua ʻoku fou atu ʻi hotau nofoʻangá, kuo pau ke ʻoua naʻa tau ala kiate kinautolu kae ʻoua kuo ʻuluaki fakahā ange ke nau fakamamaʻo. ʻOua naʻa mou kaunoa ʻiate kinautolu. ʻOku tau ʻamanaki ʻe fai ʻe he kau ʻInitiá fakatatau ki heʻenau fie maʻú, ka ʻoku totonu ke mou feinga ke tauhi ha vā lelei mo kinautolu.”

Naʻe talaange ʻe Pilikihami, “Tuku ange ke nau fononga ʻi he melino.”48

Hili ha houa ʻe taha mei ai, naʻe ʻave ʻe Pilikihami e tohí kia Sēmisi peá na lue ki he feituʻu ne nonoʻo ai e hōsí ʻi tuʻa ʻi hono ʻōfisí. Naʻá ne talaange, “Misa Hesilami, ʻoku ou fie maʻu ke ke ʻalu ʻi he vave tahá.”49


Neongo ne ʻikai toe ʻamanaki e Kāingalotu ʻi Sōleki Sití ke ʻohofi ʻe he kau sōtiá honau halá ʻi he faʻahitaʻu ko iá, ka naʻe ʻikai ʻilo ʻe he Kāingalotu ʻi he fakatonga ʻo ʻIutaá ʻa e taumuʻa fakamelino ʻa e kongakaú pea mo e ngaahi fakahinohino ʻa Pilikihami ke ʻoua ʻe fakahohaʻasi e kau hikifonua fononga salioté. Naʻe kei tui e Kāingalotu ʻi Sita Sití naʻe fakataumuʻa e kongakaú ke fakaʻauha kinautolu.

Ne laka hake he uike ʻe tahá, ʻa e mamata e kakai fefine he koló ki he fakautuutu e ʻita ʻa e kakai tangata ʻi honau fāmilí ki he kau hikifonua ʻĀkanisesí. Naʻe nofo fuoloa e kau tangatá he poʻulí, ʻo fai ha ngaahi fakataha alēlea mo fokotuʻutuʻu ha ngaahi founga ke fai ʻi he tūkungá. Naʻe laka atu leva e kongakaú he taimi ko ʻení ki he Moʻunga Mētoú.50

‘I he hoʻatā ʻo e ʻaho 10 ʻo Sepitemá, ne fakataha e kakai fefiné ki heʻenau fakataha fakamāhina he Fineʻofá. Naʻe ilifia ha niʻihi ʻo e kau fefiné ʻi he taimi ne fou atu ai e kau hikifonuá ʻi Sita Sití. Ko e niʻihi toko siʻi ʻo kinautolu, kau ai ʻa ʻAnapela Haiti mo Hena Kilikenisāmita, ko e ngaahi uaifi kinautolu ʻo e kau taki ne nau kau ʻi he ngaahi meʻa ne hoko he uike kuo maliu atú.51

Naʻe talaange ʻe ʻAnapela ki he kau fefiné, “Ko ha taimi fakamanavahē ʻeni, pea kuo pau ke tau lotu ʻi he lilo maʻa hotau husepānití, fanga fohá, fanga tamaí, mo e fanga tuongaʻané.”

Naʻe loto ki ai ʻa Litia Hopikini, ko e palesiteni ʻo e Fineʻofá ʻi heʻene pehē, “Lotua ʻi he lilo ʻa e kau tangata ʻoku nau tau ke maluʻi kitautolú.” Naʻá ne fakahinohinoʻi leva mo hono ongo tokoní e kau fefiné mo fokotuʻu ha kau mēmipa ʻe niʻihi ke nau ʻaʻahi ki ha kau fefine kehe ʻi he koló.

Naʻa nau hivaʻi ha himi kimuʻa pea fakaʻosi e fakatahá.

Fakatomala pea fakamaʻa mei he angahalá,

Pea ko ha kalauni leva ʻo e moʻuí te ke ikuná;

He ʻoku tuʻunuku mai ʻa e ʻaho ʻoku tau taliá.52


Lolotonga ia ʻi he Moʻunga Mētoú, fakafuofua ki he kau sōtia ʻe toko onongofulu ki he fitungofulu mei Sita Siti mo e ngaahi nofoʻanga kaungāʻapí ne nau kau fakataha mo Sione D. Lī ʻi he faama ʻa Sēkope Hemipiliní, ʻa ia ne teʻeki foki mai mei Sōleki Sití.53 Ko e niʻihi toko siʻi he kau sōtiá ne nau taʻu hongofulu tupu, ka ko e toko lahi tahá ne taʻu uofulu mo tolu ngofulu tupu.54 Ne aʻu mai honau niʻihi ʻo fakakaukau kuo nau omi ke tanu ʻa e kau pekiá.55

Naʻe toe vakaiʻi ʻi he efiafí ʻe Sione Haikipi, Sione D. Lī, Filipe Kilingikenisāmita, mo ha kau taki kehe ʻa e palani ʻo e ʻohofí fakataha mo e kau taú. Naʻe loto tahataha e kau tangatá ki he palaní, ʻi heʻenau tui kapau te nau tukuange ke ʻalu tauʻatāina e kulupu ʻĀkanisesí, ʻe ʻilo ʻe he ngaahi fili ʻo e Siasí e moʻoni ki heʻenau kapa kinautolú.56

ʻI he pongipongi hono hokó, ʻaho 11 ʻo Sepitemá, naʻe tuʻu ʻa Nīfai Sionisoni taʻu hongofulu mā tolu ʻi ha tumuʻaki tafungofunga ʻo sio hifo ki he Moʻunga Mētoú. Naʻá ne poto lelei ʻi he lea ʻa e kau Paiuté, ko ia naʻe fekau ia ke ne taki e kau ʻInitiá ʻi he ʻohofí. Naʻe loto ʻa Nīfai ke tatali kae ʻoua kuo nau fanongo meia Pilikihami ʻIongi ka naʻe vili taʻeʻunua e kau taú ke nau ʻoho leva. Naʻe tui ʻa Nīfai ne ʻikai toe ʻi ai haʻane fili ka ke fengāueʻaki mo kinautolu.57

Naʻá ne mamata ʻi ha fetaulaki ha sātini ʻi he kau taú, naʻá ne toʻo ha fuka hinehina ʻo e fakamelinó, mo ha taha ʻo e kau hikifonuá ʻi tuʻa he ʻā maluʻi ʻo e kulupú ʻo talaange te nau tokoniʻi e niʻihi ne hao moʻuí. Hili hono tali ʻe he kau hikifonuá e fokotuʻú, naʻe fakaofi atu ʻa Sione D. Lī ki he ʻā maluʻí ke aleaʻi e fakahaofí. Naʻá ne fakahinohinoʻi e kulupú ke fūfuuʻi ʻenau meʻafaná ʻi he salioté pea tuku ʻenau fanga pulú mo e koloá ko ha meʻaʻofa ki he kau Paiuté.58

Naʻe tuʻutuʻuni ʻe Sione ki he kau hikifonuá ke nau muimui ʻiate ia. Naʻe muʻomuʻa ha ongo saliote ne ʻi ai e kau mahakí, lavelaveá, mo e fānau īkí, pea muimui atu ai ha laine ko ha kau fefine mo e fānau lalahi ange. Naʻe lue atu ʻi mui ai e tamaiki tangata mo e kau tangata matuʻotuʻa angé, ʻo nau takitaha lue fakataha mo ha sōtia kuo fakamahafu. Naʻe fua ʻe ha niʻihi ʻo e kau tangatá mo e kau fefiné ha fānau iiki.59

Naʻe ʻiloʻi ʻe Nīfai e meʻa ʻe hokó. ‘E fononga atu e kau hikifonuá ki he faama Hemipiliní. ʻE fakaʻilonga ʻa Haikipi ʻi ha taimi ki he sōtia takitaha ke ne tafoki ʻo fanaʻi e tokotaha hikifonua ʻi hono tafaʻakí. ‘E tuʻutuʻuni leva ʻe Nīfai ki he kau Paiuté ke nau ʻoho.60

Ne ʻikai fuoloa kuo fakalaka atu ʻa Sione D. Lī mo e kau hikifonuá ʻi he feituʻu ne toitoi ai ʻa Nīfai mo e kau Paiuté. Naʻe tatali ʻa Nīfai ki he fakaʻilonga ʻa Haikipí ka naʻe ʻikai hoko ia. ʻI he puputuʻu ʻa e kau Paiuté ne faingataʻa ke nau kei toitoi ai pē ʻi heʻenau fakavave ke tulituli ki he kau lué.61 Ne faifai pea fakahanga ʻe Haikipi ʻene hōsí ki he kau taú.

Naʻá ne kaila, “Tuʻu!”.62


ʻI he fanongo e kau taú ki he fakaʻilonga ʻa Haikipí, ko e toko lahi taha ne nau fakahanga ʻenau meʻafaná ki he kau tangatá mo e tamaiki tangatá pea tāmateʻi kinautolu he taimi pē ko iá. Ne hangē naʻe pā ha foʻi fana leʻolahi ʻe taha ʻi he loto ʻataʻataá ʻi he kāpui e kau hikifonuá ʻe he kohu mei he meʻafaná.63 Naʻe fakaʻilonga ‘a Nīfai ki he kau Paiuté ke nau ʻoho, pea naʻa nau puna mei honau takitaha feituʻu pea fanaʻi e tokotaha ofi taha maí.64

Naʻe hola e niʻihi ne nau hao ʻi he ʻuluaki faná ke nau moʻui. Naʻe taʻofi kinautolu ʻe Haikipi mo ha kau tangata kehe ne nau heka hoosi kae tuli pea tāmateʻi kinautolu ʻe he kau ʻoho ne lele laló, ʻo fakahaofi pē ha niʻihi he fānau iiki tahá.65 ‘I he ngaahi saliote ʻo e kau mahakí mo e lavelaveá, naʻe fakapapauʻi ʻe Sione D. Lī he ʻikai moʻui ha taha te ne lava ʻo fakamatala e meʻa naʻe hokó.66

Hili iá, naʻe nanamu e totó mo e mahafú ʻi he Moʻunga Mētoú. Naʻe tāmateʻi ha kau hikifonua ʻe toko 120 tupu talu mei he fuofua ʻohofi ʻi he ʻaho ʻe fā kimuʻa aí. ʻI he tānaki ʻe ha kau ʻohofi ʻe niʻihi e ngaahi sinó, naʻe fakaheka ʻe Filipe Kilinikenisāmita ha fānau iiki ʻe toko hongofulu mā fitu ki ha saliote pea ʻave kinautolu ki he faama Hemipiliní. ʻI he taimi ne mamata ai ʻa Lesieli ko e uaifi ʻo Sēkope Hemipiliní ki he fānaú, ko e toko lahi taha ʻo kinautolu ne nau tangi mo fetotoʻi, naʻe kafo hono lotó. Ko e taha ʻi he fānau iiki tahá ko ha kiʻi taʻahine taʻu taha, naʻe fanaʻi ia ʻi hono nimá.67

Naʻe loto ʻa Sione D. Lī ke fakamavaheʻi e kiʻi taʻahine laveá mei hono ongo taʻoketé, ka naʻe fakalotoʻi ia ʻe Lesieli ke tuku pē ke nau fakataha.68 Naʻe tokangaʻi ʻe Lesieli e fānau mamahí ʻi he pō ko iá, pea naʻe ʻalu ʻa Sione mo hano mohenga ʻo mohe ʻi tuʻa he falé.69


ʻI he pongipongi hono hokó, naʻe aʻu atu ʻa ʻAisake Haiti mo Viliami Tame ki he faama Hemipiliní. Ko e fuofua taimi ia naʻá na ʻaʻahi ai ki he Moʻunga Mētoú talu e kamata e puke fakamālohí.70 ‘I he taimi naʻe ʻilo ai ʻe Viliami e toko lahi ʻo e kakai ne tāmateʻí, naʻá ne ʻohovale lahi. Naʻá ne pehē, “Kuo pau ke u lipooti ʻeni ki he kau maʻu mafaí.”

Naʻe talaange ʻe ʻAisake, “Pea ke fakahā ai naʻá ke kau mo e toengá? Kuo ʻikai ke fai ha meʻa tukukehe pē ʻi hoʻo tuʻutuʻuní.”71

Naʻe taki ʻe Sione D. Lī e ongo tangatá kimui ange, ki he feituʻu ne fai ai e fakapō fakatokolahí. Ne hā ʻi he feituʻu kotoa e lilingi totó, pea naʻe tanu ʻe ha kau tangata ʻe niʻihi e ngaahi sinó ʻi ha ngaahi fonualoto ne ʻikai fuʻu loloto.72

Naʻe tea mate ʻa Viliami ʻi heʻene pehē, “Naʻe ʻikai ke u fakakaukau au ne toko lahi pehē e kakai fefiné mo e fānaú.”73

Naʻe leʻo ʻita ʻa ʻAisake mo ne talaange kia Sione, “Naʻe faleʻi mo tuʻutuʻuni mai ʻe Kēnolo Tame ke u fai e meʻá ni, pea ko ʻeni ia kuo holomui ia kae tukuakiʻi au. ʻOku totonu ke ne tuʻu ke ngali tangata.”

Naʻe talaange ʻe Viliami, “ʻAisake, naʻe ʻikai ke u ʻilo ne nau fuʻu toko lahi pehē.”

Naʻe pehē ʻe ʻAisake, “ʻOku ʻikai hano kehekehe ai.”74


Hili hono tanu e kau pekiá kimui angé, naʻe talaange ʻe Filipe Kilingikenisāmita mo ʻAisake ki he kau taú ke fakalongolongoʻi ʻenau kau ʻi he fakapō fakatokolahí.75 Ne ʻikai fuoloa kuo foki mai ʻa Sēmisi Hesilami ko e talafekau ne fekauʻi ki Sōleki Sití, pea mo e ngaahi fakahinohino ʻa Pilikihami ʻIongi ke tuku e kulupú ke nau fononga melinó.

Ne kamata ke tangi lauʻaitu ʻa ʻAisake.76 Naʻá ne pehē, “Kuo tōmui. Kuo fuʻu tōmui.”77

  1. Liljenquist, Autobiography, [9]; Dorius, “Sketch of the Life,” 47; Christian Christiansen Company (1857) list, Pioneer Database, history.ChurchofJesusChrist.org/overlandtravel/companies.

  2. Dorius, “Sketch of the Life,” 6–7, 11–12, 46, 49; vakai foki, Ole Nielsen Liljenquist, “Biografiske Skizzer,” Morgenstjernen, Mar. 1833, 40.

  3. Matthias Cowley to Orson Pratt, June 1, 1857, Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star, July 11, 1857, 19:446; Liljenquist, Autobiography, [9]; Frantzen, Reminiscence and Journal, 33.

  4. Dorius, “Autobiography of Carl Christian Nicoli Dorius,” 19–21. Tefito: Kulupu Saliote Toho Tangatá

  5. Christensen, “Reminiscence,” in Jensen, “By Handcart to Utah,” 337, 343–44; Liljenquist, Autobiography, [9]; Benson, “Recollections,” 3–4; Frantzen, Reminiscence and Journal, 37–39; Tanner, Biographical Sketch of James Jensen, 23–40; Carl Dorius, Biographical Sketch, 2.

  6. Dorius, “Sketch of the Life,” 46, 49–50, 52; Carl Dorius, Biographical Sketch, 2–3; Dorius, “Autobiography of Carl Christian Nicoli Dorius,” 19–21. ʻOku hā ʻi ha ngaahi lekooti ʻe niʻihi ko Kaia ko ha hingoa ia ʻe taha ʻo Kēleni.

  7. Brigham Young to Jacob Hamblin, Aug. 4, 1857, Letterbook, volume 3, 737–38, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL; Hamblin, Journal, 37–38; Jacob Hamblin, Deposition, Nov. 28, 1871, President’s Office Files, 1843–77, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL; Historical Department, Office Journal, Aug. 25, 1857; Huntington, Journal, Sept. 1, 1857.

  8. Vakai, Little, Jacob Hamblin, 31; and Carleton, Report on the Subject of the Massacre at the Mountain Meadows, 10.

  9. George A. Smith to Md. St. Clair, Nov. 25, 1869, Historian’s Office, Letterpress Copybook, volume 2, 941–43; George A. Smith, Statement, [Nov. 1896], George A. Smith, Papers, CHL; vakai foki, Eleanor J. Pratt to “Brother Snow,” May 14, 1857, CHL.

  10. Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 76–83, 104–5, 244–49, 251–54; Carleton, Report on the Subject of the Massacre at the Mountain Meadows, 4, 6; vakai foki, Hamblin, Journal, 38–40; and Little, Jacob Hamblin, 45.

  11. Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 80, 105–13; vakai foki, Provo Utah Central Stake, General Minutes, Aug. 16, 1857, volume 10, 907–8; “Late Horrible Massacre,” Los Angeles Star, Oct. 17, 1857, [2]; and Arrington, Great Basin Kingdom, 148–51.

  12. George A. Smith to Md. St. Clair, Nov. 25, 1869, Historian’s Office, Letterpress Copybook, volume 2, 941–43; George A. Smith, Incidents Connected with the Mountain Meadows Massacre, [Nov. 1869], George A. Smith, Papers, CHL; Carleton, Report on the Subject of the Massacre at the Mountain Meadows, 6; vakai foki, Parker, Recollections of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, 11.

  13. Carleton, Report on the Subject of the Massacre at the Mountain Meadows, 6; Silas Smith, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 5:229; Jacob Hamblin, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:92.

  14. Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 129–32; “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; Philip Klingensmith, Testimony, in Rogerson, Shorthand of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 2:19; Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 3:2, 58–59; “History of Mormonism,” Corinne Reporter, July 22, 1871, [2]; vakai foki, Shirts and Shirts, Trial Furnace, 372–87.

  15. “History of Mormonism,” Corinne Reporter, July 22, 1871, [2]; Philip Klingensmith, Testimony, in Rogerson, Shorthand of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 2:19; Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 3:58–59; Bowering, Journal, fall 1857, 230; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 132; Krenkel, Life and Times of Joseph Fish, 57.

  16. “Christopher J. Arthur, Field Notes”; “Christopher J. Arthur, Prepared Report,” Jan. 26, 1892, in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 80, 82; Parowan Stake, Historical Record, Aug. 9, 1857, 22–23; vakai foki, Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 231; Plat of Cedar City, Oct. 1852, Historian’s Office, Collected Historical Documents, CHL; and Shirts and Shirts, Trial Furnace, 289–96.

  17. Krenkel, Life and Times of Joseph Fish, 57–58; Bowering, Journal, fall 1857, 230; “Christopher J. Arthur, Field Notes”; “Christopher J. Arthur, Prepared Report,” Jan. 26, 1892, in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 80, 82; Charles Willden, Affidavit, Feb. 18, 1882; Elias Morris, Statement, Feb. 2, 1892, Collected Material concerning the Mountain Meadows Massacre, CHL; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 93–94, 132–33.

  18. “Nephi Johnson, Affidavit, July 22, 1908,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 328.

  19. Annie Hoge, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 4:26–27.

  20. “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; “Christopher J. Arthur, Prepared Report,” Jan. 26, 1892, in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 82–83; vakai foki, “An Act in relation to Profanity and Drunkenness,” Acts, Resolutions, and Memorials … of the Territory of Utah, 89.

  21. James H. Martineau to Susan, May 3, 1876, James H. Martineau Collection, CHL; John Chatterly to Andrew Jenson, Sept. 18, 1919, in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 278; Martineau, “Mountain Meadow Catastrophy,” [2]; vakai foki, Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 55–56, 134–36, 256.

  22. “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; John D. Lee to Brigham Young, May 23, 1856, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL; vakai foki, Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 59–67, 136, 139–40.

  23. Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 219–20; “Ellott Willden, Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 213–14; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 64–65; vakai foki, Knack, Boundaries Between, 2; and Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 137–45.

  24. “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 218–20; vakai foki, “Daniel S. Macfarlane, Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 109.

  25. Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 218, 219; vakai foki, “Elias Morris, Prepared Report—Andrew Jenson Copy,” Feb. 2, 1892, in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 253. Naʻe fakatonutonu e konga leá ke lava ʻo lau; ʻoku pehē ʻe he fakamatala totonú “Naʻe pehē ʻe Haiti kapau he ʻikai fai ha meʻa ke taʻofi ia, ʻe fakahoko ʻe he kau hiki fonua maí ʻenau fakamanamaná pea kaihaʻa mei he tokotaha kotoa ʻi he ngaahi nofoʻanga takatakai ʻi he Sauté.”

  26. Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 219–20. Naʻe fakatonutonu e konga leá ke lava ʻo lau; naʻe liliu e “killed” ʻi he fakamatala totonú ki he “kill.”

  27. Laban Morrill, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:3–4, 6, 9; Sudweeks, “Life of Laban Morrill,” 1, 8–9; “Elias Morris, Prepared Report—Andrew Jenson Copy,” Feb. 2, 1892, in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 254.

  28. Laban Morrill, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:4, 6, 9, 10–11; Laban Morrill, Testimony, in Patterson, Shorthand Notes of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 2:[20]–[21]; Sudweeks, “Life of Laban Morrill,” 8; “Elias Morris, Prepared Report—Andrew Jenson Copy,” Feb. 2, 1892, in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 254; Philip Klingensmith, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 3:4–5.

  29. Philip Klingensmith, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 3:4–5; Sudweeks, “Life of Laban Morrill,” 8–9; Laban Morrill, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:6–8; “Elias Morris, Prepared Report—Andrew Jenson Copy,” Feb. 2, 1892, in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 254.

  30. Laban Morrill, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:6, 8–10; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 145–48, 157–62.

  31. “Ellott Willden, Prepared Report”; “Ellott Willden, ‘Additional’ Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 213–15, 222; Carleton, Report on the Subject of the Massacre at the Mountain Meadows, 8; Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 226–27; “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; vakai foki, Joseph Clewes, “Mountain Meadows Massacre,” Salt Lake Daily Herald, Apr. 5, 1877, [4]; and Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 158–62.

  32. Jacob Hamblin to Brigham Young, Nov. 13, 1871; Jacob Hamblin, Deposition, Nov. 28, 1871, President’s Office Files, 1843–77, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL; James Haslam, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:12; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 162–64.

  33. James Holt Haslam, Testimony, Dec. 4, 1884, [2], in “John D. Lee: Miscellaneous Papers pertaining to His Trials, Guilt, and Death,” 1911, box 1, folder 18, Collected Material concerning the Mountain Meadows Massacre, CHL; James Haslam, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:12; Muster Roll of Company D, 2nd Battalion, in Iron Military District, Muster Rolls, 1856–57, Utah Division of Archives and Records Service, Territorial Militia Records, 1849–77, Utah State Archives and Records Service, Salt Lake City.

  34. Joseph Clewes, “Mountain Meadows Massacre,” Salt Lake Daily Herald, Apr. 5, 1877, [4].

  35. “Ellott Willden, Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 213, 216–18; vakai foki, Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 159–60, 164.

  36. “Bull Valley Snort,” Statement, Feb. 1894, John M. Higbee Information, Collected Material concerning the Mountain Meadows Massacre, CHL; “Ellott Willden, Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 211; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 173–74.

  37. “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, July 22, 1908,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 328; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 169–70; vakai foki, “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3.

  38. Martineau, “Mountain Meadow Catastrophy,” [2]; Whitney, History of Utah, 1:700–701; Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 240; vakai foki, “Late Horrible Massacre,” Los Angeles Star, Oct. 17, 1857, [2]; “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; and Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 174, 178–79.

  39. “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; J. H. Beadle, “Interview with Jno. D. Lee of Mountain Meadows Notoriety,” Salt Lake Daily Tribune, July 29, 1872, [2]; Philip Klingensmith, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 3:82; “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, Nov. 30, 1909,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 329; vakai foki, Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 172–74.

  40. “Elias Morris, Prepared Report—Andrew Jenson Copy,” Feb. 2, 1892; “William Barton, Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 67–69, 254–55.

  41. [Josiah Rogerson], “Review of John D. Lee’s Life and Confessions,” 21–22, in “John D. Lee: Miscellaneous Papers pertaining to His Trials, Guilt, and Death,” 1911, box 1, folder 19, Collected Material concerning the Mountain Meadows Massacre, CHL; “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; “Daniel S. Macfarlane, Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 110–11; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 177–79. ‘Oku pehē ʻe he ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatalá naʻe ʻi ai ʻa ʻIlaiase Mōlisi ʻi he fakataha ʻa ʻAisake Haiti mo Viliami Tamé.

  42. Jacob Hamblin to Brigham Young, Nov. 13, 1871, President’s Office Files, 1843–77, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL; “Daniel S. Macfarlane, Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 110–11; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 178–79.

  43. Jacob Hamblin, Deposition, Nov. 28, 1871, President’s Office Files, 1843–77, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL; vakai foki, Jacob Hamblin to Brigham Young, Nov. 13, 1871, President’s Office Files, 1843–77, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL.

  44. Brigham Young to Isaac Haight, Sept. 10, 1857; Brigham Young to Orson Pratt Sr., Sept. 12, 1857, Letterbook, volume 3, 827, 844–48, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL; vakai foki, Young, Office Journal, Sept. 8–10, 1857.

  45. Jacob Hamblin, Deposition, Nov. 28, 1871, President’s Office Files, 1843–77, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL.

  46. James Holt Haslam, Testimony, Dec. 4, 1884, [2]–[5], in “John D. Lee: Miscellaneous Papers pertaining to His Trials, Guilt, and Death,” 1911, box 1, folder 18, Collected Material concerning the Mountain Meadows Massacre, CHL; vakai foki, Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 181–83.

  47. James Holt Haslam, Testimony, Dec. 4, 1884, [5], in “John D. Lee: Miscellaneous Papers pertaining to His Trials, Guilt, and Death,” 1911, box 1, folder 18, Collected Material concerning the Mountain Meadows Massacre, CHL; James Haslam, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:12.

  48. Brigham Young to Isaac Haight, Sept. 10, 1857, Letterbook, volume 3, 827–28, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL.

  49. Historical Department, Office Journal, Sept. 10, 1857; Hamilton G. Park, Affidavit, Oct. 1907, Collected Material concerning the Mountain Meadows Massacre, CHL; vakai foki, James Haslam, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:12.

  50. Cedar City Ward, Relief Society Minute Book, Sept. 10, 1857, in Derr and others, First Fifty Years of Relief Society, 229–30.

  51. Vakai, “Elias Morris, Prepared Report—Andrew Jenson Copy,” Feb. 2, 1892, in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 253; Cedar City Ward, Relief Society Minute Book, Sept. 10, 1857, in Derr and others, First Fifty Years of Relief Society, 229–30; and Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 134–35.

  52. Cedar City Ward, Relief Society Minute Book, Sept. 10, 1857, in Derr and others, First Fifty Years of Relief Society, 23–31; Songs of Zion (Publication place and publisher unidentified, [1853]), in John Freeman, Songbook, circa 1849, CHL.

  53. Philip Klingensmith, Testimony; Samuel Pollock, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 3:7–8, 4:68, 5:182; “Daniel S. Macfarlane, Prepared Report”; “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, July 22, 1908,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 112, 329; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 158–59, 179, 190; appendix C, 255–64.

  54. Vakai, Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, appendix C, 255–64.

  55. “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, July 22, 1908,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 330; vakai foki, “Daniel S. Macfarlane, Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 111; and Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 179.

  56. Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 187–89.

  57. “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, July 22, 1908”; “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, Nov. 30, 1909,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 328–30, 332; Nephi Johnson, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:76–77; Nephi Johnson to A. H. Lund, Mar. 1910, Collected Material concerning the Mountain Meadows Massacre, CHL.

  58. “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, July 22, 1908,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 329–30; Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 238–40; “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; James Lynch, Affidavit, [May 1859], in Turley, Johnson, and Carruth, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 1:247.

  59. “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, July 22, 1908”; “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, Nov. 30, 1909,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 329–30, 333; Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 240; “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; Samuel McMurdy, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:35–36; Joel White, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 3:126; “Mountain Meadows Massacre,” Daily Arkansas Gazette, Sept. 1, 1875, [3]; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 196–97, 202–5.

  60. Nephi Johnson, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:76–77; Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 238, 240; “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, Nov. 30, 1909,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 333; “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; vakai foki, “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, July 22, 1908,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 329–30.

  61. “Ellott Willden, Bancroft Corrections—Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 156–58; vakai foki, Whitney, History of Utah, 1:706.

  62. Philip Klingensmith, Testimony; Joel White, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 3:81–82, 126–27; Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 199.

  63. “Ellott Willden, Bancroft Corrections—Prepared Report”; “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, Nov. 30, 1909,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 158, 333; Jacob Hamblin, Testimony, in Carleton, Report on the Subject of the Massacre at the Mountain Meadows, 9; Samuel Pollock, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 5:196; vakai foki, “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 3; and Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 200.

  64. “Ellott Willden, Bancroft Corrections—Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 158–59; Albert Hamblin, Testimony, in Carleton, Report on the Subject of the Massacre at the Mountain Meadows, 14; William Young, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 4:53, 5:210–11.

  65. “Ellott Willden, Bancroft Corrections—Prepared Report,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 158–59; Philip Klingensmith, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 3:15, 17–18; Philip Klingensmith, Testimony, in Rogerson, Shorthand of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 2:27; Philip Klingensmith, Testimony, U.S. v. John D. Lee (1875), in Patterson, Shorthand Notes of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 3:[2]–[3]; “Ellott Willden, Field Notes,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 202.

  66. Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 241–42; “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, July 22, 1908,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 330.

  67. “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, July 22, 1908,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 330; Philip Klingensmith, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s First Trial, 3:85; Rachel Hamblin, Testimony; Albert Hamblin, Testimony, in Carleton, Report on the Subject of the Massacre at the Mountain Meadows, 11–12, 14; vakai foki, Jacob Hamblin, Testimony, in Carleton, Report on the Subject of the Massacre at the Mountain Meadows, 7–8; and Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 200, 208–9, 214–15, 246.

  68. Rachel Hamblin, Testimony, in Carleton, Report on the Subject of the Massacre at the Mountain Meadows, 11–12.

  69. Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 245; “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 4.

  70. Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 245; “Ellott Willden, Bancroft Corrections—Field Notes,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 144; vakai foki, “John H. Henderson, Field Notes,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 76.

  71. Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 246; “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 4.

  72. Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 245–47; Carleton, Report on the Subject of the Massacre at the Mountain Meadows, 29.

  73. “Lee’s Confession,” Sacramento Daily Record-Union, Mar. 24, 1877, 4; Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 246. Naʻe fakatonutonu e konga leá ke lava ʻo lau; naʻe liliu e “was” ʻi he fakamatala totonú ki he “were.”

  74. Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 246–47.

  75. Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 247–48; Nephi Johnson, Testimony, in Boreman, Transcript of John D. Lee’s Second Trial, 1:77–79; vakai foki, Walker, Turley, and Leonard, Massacre at Mountain Meadows, 215–16.

  76. “Nephi Johnson Affidavit, July 22, 1908,” in Turley and Walker, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 330; Brigham Young to Isaac Haight, Sept. 10, 1857, Letterbook, volume 3, 827–28, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL.

  77. James Haslam, Interview by Scipio A. Kenner, Dec. 4, 1884, in Turley, Johnson, and Carruth, Mountain Meadows Massacre, 2:894. Tefitó: Ko e Fakapō Fakatokolahi ʻi he Moʻunga Mētoú