2017
Ko e Lea Fakafonua ʻo e Ongoongoleleí
May 2017


Ko e Lea Fakafonua ʻo e Ongoongoleleí

ʻOku matuʻaki mahuʻinga ʻa e akoʻi mālohí, ki hono paotoloaki ʻo e ongoongoleleí ʻi hotau ngaahi fāmilí, pea ʻe fie maʻu ki ai e faivelengá mo e ngāue.

Hili hono uiuiʻi au ko ha Taki Māʻolungá, ne u hiki mo hoku fāmilí mei Kosita Lika ki Sōleki Siti ki he fuofua ngāue ne vahe maí. ʻI heni ʻi he ʻIunaiteiti Siteití, ne tāpuekina au ke u ʻaʻahi ki ha kakai fakaʻofoʻofa ʻoku kehekehe honau puipuituʻá mo e ngaahi anga fakafonuá. Ko honau tokolahi ne fanauʻi ʻi he ngaahi fonua ʻo ʻAmelika Latiná, ʻo hangē pē ko aú.

Ne u fakatokangaʻi ʻoku tokolahi e toʻu tangata ʻuluaki ʻo e kakai Latiná ʻoku nau lea fika ʻuluaki ʻaki e lea faka-Sipeiní kae feʻunga pē ʻenau ʻilo lea faka-Pilitāniá ki he fetuʻutaki mo e niʻihi kehé. Ko e toʻu tangata hono uá ʻa ia naʻe fanauʻi ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteití pe omi kei iiki pē ʻo ako hení, ʻoku lelei ʻaupito ʻenau lea faka-Pilitāniá kae ʻikai fuʻu poto he lea faka-Sipeiní. Pea ʻoku faʻa mole mei he toʻu tangata hono tolú e lea faka-Sipeiní, ʻa ia ko e lea tuʻufonua ia ʻenau ngaahi kuí.1

ʻOku ui ʻeni ʻi he fakaʻuhingaʻi leá ko e “mole ʻa e lea fakafonuá.” ʻE malava ke hoko ʻeni ʻi ha hiki ʻa ha ngaahi fāmili ki ha fonua muli, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻikai ngāueʻaki ai ʻenau lea tuʻufonuá. ʻOku ʻikai ke hoko pē ʻeni ʻi he kau Latiná, ka ʻoku hoko ia ki he kakai ʻo e māmaní ʻi hano fetongi ha lea fakafonua ʻe ha lea foʻou.2 Naʻe hohaʻa foki ʻa Nīfai ko ha palōfita ʻi he Tohi ʻa Molomoná, ki he mole e lea fakafonua ʻo ʻene ngaahi tamaí he taimi naʻá ne teuteu ai ke hiki ki he fonua ʻo e talaʻofá. Ne tohi ʻe Nīfai, “Pea vakai, ko e finangalo poto ʻo e ʻOtuá ke tau maʻu ʻa e ngaahi lekōtí ni, koeʻuhi ke tau fakatolonga maʻa ʻetau fānaú ʻa e lea ʻa ʻetau ngaahi tamaí.3

Ka naʻe toe fuʻu hohaʻa foki ʻa Nīfai ki he mole ʻa ha toe faʻahinga lea ia ʻe taha. ʻI he veesi hono hokó, naʻá ne pehē, “Kae ʻumaʻā foki ke tau lava ai ʻo fakatolonga maʻanautolu ʻa e ngaahi lea, ʻa ia kuo lea ʻaki ʻi he ngutu ʻo e kau palōfita māʻoniʻoni kotoa pē, ʻa ia kuo tuku kiate kinautolu ʻi he Laumālie mo e mālohi ʻo e ʻOtuá, talu mei he kamataʻanga ʻo e māmaní, ʻo aʻu mai ki he taimi lolotonga ní.”4

ʻOku ou fakatokangaʻi e meʻa tatau ʻi hono fakatolonga ha lea tuʻufonua mo hono fakatolonga e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí ʻi heʻetau moʻuí.

He ʻikai ke u fakamamafaʻi heʻeku talanoa he ʻaho ní ha faʻahinga lea fakafonua fakamāmani, ka ko ha lea fakafonua taʻengata kuo pau ke fakatolonga ʻi hotau ngaahi fāmilí ke ʻoua naʻa teitei mole. ʻOku ou ʻuhinga ki he lea5 ʻo e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí. ʻOku ou fakaʻuhingaʻi e “lea ʻo e ongoongoleleí,” ki he ngaahi akonaki kotoa ʻetau kau palōfitá, ko ʻetau talangofua ki he ngaahi akonaki ko iá, mo ʻetau muimui ki he ngaahi tukufakaholo māʻoniʻoní.

Te u fakamatalaʻi ha founga ʻe tolu ʻe lava ke fakatolonga ai e lea ko ʻení.

ʻUluakí: Faivelengá mo e Tokanga Lahi Ange ʻi ʻApí

Naʻe fakaafeʻi ʻe he ʻEikí ʻi he Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakavá ha kāingalotu ʻiloa tokolahi ʻo e Siasí, kau ai ʻa Niueli K. Uitenī, ke fakamāʻopoʻopo honau ʻapí. Naʻe folofola ʻe he ʻEikí ʻo pehē, “Mo ʻeku tamaioʻeiki ko Niueli K. Uitenī … ʻoku ʻaonga ke valokiʻi mo ia, pea ke ne fakamaau ʻa hono fāmilí, pea tokanga ke nau faivelenga mo tokanga ʻo lahi ange ʻi ʻapi, pea lotu maʻu ai pē, pe ʻe toʻo atu ʻa kinautolu mei honau tuʻungá.”6

Ko e meʻa ʻe taha ʻokú ne tākiekina e mole ʻa e lea fakafonuá, ko e taimi ko ia ʻoku ʻikai fakamoleki ai ʻe he mātuʻa ha taimi ke akoʻi e lea tuʻufonuá ki heʻenau fānaú. ʻOku ʻikai ke feʻunga hono lea ʻaki pē ʻa e leá ʻi ʻapí. Kapau ʻoku loto e mātuʻá ke fakatolonga ʻena leá, kuo pau ke akoʻi ia. Kuo mahino mei he fakatotoló ko e mātuʻa ko ia ʻoku nau ngāue mālohi ke fakatolonga ʻenau lea tuʻufonuá, ʻoku ola lelei ia.7 Ko e hā nai ha faʻahinga ngāue mālohi ke paotoloaki ai e lea fakafonua ʻo e ongoongoleleí?

Naʻe fakatokanga mai ʻa ʻEletā Tēvita A. Petinā ʻo e Kōlomu ʻo e Kau ʻAposetolo ʻe Toko Hongofulu Mā Uá ʻi he “ʻikai ke akoʻi lelei e ongoongoleleí mo e tā sīpinga vaivai ʻi ʻapí,” ko ha ngāue mālohi ia te ne lava ʻo fakangata e fefokifokiʻaki ha ngaahi toʻu tangata lahi ʻo ha ngaahi fāmili ʻi he Siasí.8

Te tau lava ke pehē ʻoku matuʻaki mahuʻinga ʻa e akoʻi mālohí ki hono paotoloaki e ongoongoleleí ʻi hotau ngaahi fāmilí, pea ʻe fie maʻu e faivelengá mo e ngāué.

Kuo tuʻo lahi hono fakaafeʻi kitautolu ke anga ʻaki e ako folofola fakafāmili mo fakafoʻituitui fakaʻahó.9 ʻOku tāpuekina e ngaahi fāmili tokolahi ʻoku nau fai ʻeni he ʻaho takitaha, ʻaki ha uouangataha lahi ange mo ha feohi vāofi ange mo e ʻEikí.

Ako Folofola ʻa e Tamaí mo e ʻofefiné

Ko e fē taimi ʻe fakahoko ai e ako folofola fakaʻahó? ʻE fakahoko ia he taimi ʻoku ako fakamātoato fakaʻaho ai ʻe he ongo mātuʻá e folofolá, pea fakaafeʻi e fāmilí ʻaki e ʻofa ke fakataha mai ke nau akó. ʻOku faingataʻa ke toe fakahoko ia ʻi ha founga kehe.

Ako folofola ʻa e fāmilí

Ngaahi tamai mo e faʻē, tokanga naʻa mole e ngaahi tāpuaki mahuʻinga ko ʻení. ʻOua ʻe toe tatali naʻá ke tōmui!

Uá: Tā Sīpinga Lelei ʻi ʻApí

Ne tohi ʻe ha tokotaha mataotao ʻe taha ʻi he leá ʻo pehē ko hono fakatolonga ha leá “ʻe fie maʻu ke ke ʻai e leá ke mālie mo longomoʻui maʻa hoʻo fānaú.”10 ʻOku tau “ʻai e leá ke longomoʻui” he taimi ʻoku fengāueʻaki fakataha ai ʻetau akoʻí mo e tā sīpingá.

ʻI heʻeku kei talavoú, ne u ngāue ʻi he ngāueʻanga ʻeku tamaí lolotonga e taimi tutukú. Ko e ʻuluaki fehuʻi ne fai mai heʻeku tamaí hili hono maʻu ʻeku vāhengá ko e “Ko e hā e meʻa te ke fai ʻaki hoʻo paʻangá?”

Ne u ʻilo e talí ʻo pehē ange, “Totongi ʻeku vahehongofulú mo fakahū ha paʻanga ki heʻeku ngāue fakafaifekaú.”

Hili ʻeku ngāue mo ia ʻi he taʻu ʻe valu, mo ʻeku kei tali ange pē ki he fehuʻi tatau, ne fakakaukau ʻeku tangataʻeikí kuó ne akoʻi au he founga ki hono totongi e vahehongofulú Ko e meʻa naʻe ʻikai ke ne ʻiloʻí, ne u ʻosi ako pē ʻe au e tefitoʻi moʻoni mahuʻinga ko ʻení ʻi ha fakaʻosinga uike pē ʻe taha. Tuku muʻa ke u vahevahe atu ʻa e founga ne u ako ai ki he tefitoʻi moʻoni ko ʻení.

Hili ha ngaahi meʻa ne hoko ne fekauʻaki mo ha tau fakalotofonua ʻi ʻAmelika Lotoloto, ne mole kotoa e paʻanga ʻo e pisinisi ʻeku tamaí. Ne holo mei he kau ngāue taimi kakato ʻe toko 200, ki ha toko nima ne kei fie maʻu ke ngāue he tauʻanga meʻalele ʻi homau ʻapí. ʻI ha ʻaho ʻe taha, lolotonga e taimi faingataʻa ko ʻení, ne u fanongo ki ha fepōtalanoaʻaki ʻeku ongo mātuʻá pe te na totongi e vahehongofulú pe kumi ha meʻakai maʻá e fānaú.

Ne u muimui heʻeku tamaí he ʻaho Sāpaté ke sio ko e hā ʻene meʻa ʻe faí. Hili ʻemau ngaahi fakatahá, ne u sio ki heʻene toʻo ha sila ʻo faʻo ʻene vahehongofulú ki ai. Ko ha konga pē ia ʻo e lēsoní. Ko e fehuʻi naʻe kei toe ke talí pe ko e hā e meʻa te mau kaí.

ʻI he pongipongi Mōnité ne tukituki ange ha niʻihi ʻi homau ʻapí. ʻI heʻeku fakaava hake e matapaá, ne nau ʻeke mai ʻeku tamaí. Naʻá ku ui ia, pea ʻi he taimi naʻá ne aʻu mai aí, ne fakahā ange ʻe he kau ʻaʻahí haʻanau fie maʻu he vave tahá ha ngaahi meʻa ke tuitui. Ne nau talaange ʻoku fuʻu fie maʻu e meʻá ni, ko ia ai te nau totongi ia kimuʻa ʻoku teʻeki fakahoko e ngāué. Ne u ako he ʻaho ko iá e ngaahi tefitoʻi moʻoni hono totongi ʻo e vahehongofulú mo e ngaahi tāpuaki ʻoku muimui mai aí.

ʻOku folofola e ʻEikí ʻi he Fuakava Foʻoú ʻo kau ki he tā sīpingá. ʻOkú Ne pehē, “Ko e moʻoni, ko e moʻoni, ʻoku ou tala kiate kimoutolu, ʻoku ʻikai ke faʻa fai ʻe he ʻAló ha meʻa ʻe ia pē, ka ko ia ʻokú ne mamata ʻoku fai ʻe he Tamaí: ko e meʻa kotoa pē ʻokú ne faí, ʻoku fai ia ʻe he ʻAló foki.”11

Ko e ʻalu ki he temipalé

ʻOku ʻikai feʻunga ke lea pē ki heʻetau fānaú ʻo fekauʻaki mo hono mahuʻinga ʻo e mali temipalé, ʻaukaí, mo hono tauhi ʻo e Sāpaté ke māʻoniʻoní. Kuo pau ke nau sio ʻoku tau tuku ha taimi ke toutou ʻalu ai ki he temipalé. ʻOku fie maʻu ke nau mamata ki heʻetau tukupā ke ʻaukai maʻu pē12 mo tauhi kakato e ʻaho Sāpaté ke māʻoniʻoni. Kapau ʻoku ʻikai lava hotau toʻu tupú ʻo ʻaukai he houa kai ʻe ua, ako maʻu pē e folofolá, pea tamateʻi e TV lolotonga ha vaʻinga mahuʻinga he ʻaho Sāpaté, te nau lava nai ʻo maʻu e mālohi fakalaumālie ke matuʻuaki e fakatauvele mālohi ʻo e māmani faingataʻa ʻo e ʻaho ní, kau ai e fakatauele ʻo e ponokālafí?

Tolú: Ngaahi Talatukufakaholó

Ko e taha e founga ʻe lava ke liliu pe mole ai ha lea fakafonuá, ʻa e taimi ko ia ʻoku fio ai e ngaahi lea fakafonua kehé mo e tukufakaholó, mo ha lea tuʻufonua ʻe taha.13

ʻI he ngaahi taʻu kimuʻa ne kamata mai ai e Siasi ne toe fakafoki maí, ne fakaafeʻi ʻe he ʻEikí ha kau mēmipa ʻiloa tokolahi ʻo e Siasí ke fakamaau honau ngaahi ʻapí. Naʻe kamata ʻEne fakaafé ʻaki Haʻane fakahā ha founga ʻe ua ʻe lava ke mole ai e māmá mo e moʻoní mei hotau ngaahi ʻapí: “Pea ʻoku haʻu ʻa e tokotaha angakovi ná ʻo toʻo atu ʻa e māmá mo e moʻoní, mei he fānau ʻa e tangatá, tuʻunga ʻi he talangataʻá, pea koeʻuhi ko e ngaahi talatukufakaholo ʻa ʻenau ngaahi tamaí.14

ʻOku tau fie maʻu ke fakaʻehiʻehi e fāmilí mei ha faʻahinga talatukufakaholo te ne taʻofi kitautolu mei hono tauhi e ʻaho Sāpaté ke māʻoniʻoní, pe ko hono fai ʻo e ako folofolá mo e lotu fakaʻaho ʻi ʻapí. ʻE fie maʻu ke tau matuʻaki tokanga ke taʻofi e ponokālafí mo e ngaahi ivi tākiekina kehe ʻo e koví. ʻE fie maʻu ke tau fakaʻaongaʻi e folofolá mo e leʻo ʻo ʻetau kau palōfita ʻi onopōní ke fakafepakiʻi e ngaahi tala-tukufakaholo hotau māmaní he kuonga ni, pea ke akoʻi ki heʻetau fānaú honau tuʻunga fakalangí, ʻenau taumuʻa he moʻuí, mo e misiona fakalangi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí.

Fakamāʻopoʻopó

ʻOku tau maʻu ʻi he folofolá ha ngaahi sīpinga lahi e “mole ʻa e leá.”15 Hangē ko ʻení:

“Pea naʻe hoko ʻo pehē naʻe ʻi ai ʻa e tokolahi ʻo e toʻu tangata kei tupu haké ʻa ia naʻe ʻikai faʻa mahino kiate kinautolu ʻa e ngaahi folofola ʻa e tuʻi ko Penisimaní, koeʻuhi ko e fānau iiki ʻa kinautolu ʻi he taimi naʻá ne folofola ai ki hono kakaí; pea naʻe ʻikai te nau tui ki he tala-tukufakaholo ʻa ʻenau ngaahi tamaí. …

“Pea ko ʻeni koeʻuhi ko ʻenau taʻetuí naʻe ʻikai faʻa mahino kiate kinautolu ʻa e folofola ʻa e ʻOtuá; pea naʻe fakafefeka honau lotó.”16

Naʻe hoko e ongoongoleleí ko ha lea ngali kehe ia ki he toʻu tangata kei tupu haké. Neongo ʻoku faʻa aleaʻi hono lelei ke kei tauhi ha lea tuʻufonua, ʻi heʻene fekauʻaki mo e palani ʻo e fakamoʻuí, ka ʻoku ʻikai toe tālangaʻi e nunuʻa taʻengata ia ʻo e mole e lea fakafonua ʻo e ongoongoleleí mei hotau ngaahi ʻapí.

Mother praying with her young son

ʻI heʻetau hoko ko e fānau ʻa e ʻOtuá, ko ha kakai taʻehaohaoa kitautolu ʻoku tau feinga ke ako ha lea ʻoku haohaoa.17 Hangē pē ko e angaʻofa ʻa ha faʻē ki heʻene fānau īkí, ʻoku pehē pē hono kātakiʻi ʻe heʻetau Tamai Hēvaní ʻetau ngaahi tōnounou mo e fehālaakí. ʻOkú Ne makakoloa ʻaki pea mahino kiate Ia ʻetau feinga vaivai taha ke lotu loto fakamātoato, ʻo hangē pē ha maau fakaʻofoʻofá. ʻOku fiefia ʻi he taimi ʻokú Ne fanongo mai ai ki heʻetau fuofua lea ʻaki e ngaahi lea ʻo e ongoongoleleí. ʻOkú ne akoʻi kitautolu ʻi he ʻofa haohaoá.

Family praying together

Neongo ai pē pe ko e hā ha lavameʻa mahuʻinga ʻi he moʻuí ni, ka heʻikai ke feʻunga ia kapau ʻe mole e lea fakafonua ʻo e ongoongoleleí mei hotau ngaahi fāmilí.18 ʻOku ou fakamoʻoni ʻe tāpuekina kitautolu ʻe he Tamai Hēvaní ʻi heʻetau feinga ke maʻu ʻEne leá, kae ʻoua ke tau poto ʻaupito he fetuʻutaki māʻolunga angé, ʻa ia ko ʻetau lea tuʻufonuá maʻu pē ia. ʻI he huafa ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí, ʻēmeni.

Maʻuʻanga Fakamatalá

  1. ʻI he kau lea faka-Sipeini he toʻu tangata hono tolú “ko e tuʻunga ko ia ʻo e poto pē he lea faka-Pilitāniá ʻoku … pēseti ʻe 72” (Richard Alba, “Bilingualism Persists, but English Still Dominates,”Migration Policy Institute, Feb. 1, 2005, migrationpolicy.org/ article/bilingualism-persists-english-still-dominates).

  2. “Ko ha sīpinga tuʻumaʻu ʻoku hoko he toʻu tangata hono tolú ko e poto pē he lea faka-Pilitāniá” (Alba, “Bilingualism Persists, but English Still Dominates).

  3. 1 Nīfai 3:19; toe fakamamafaʻi.

  4. 1 Nīfai 3:20; toe fakamamafaʻi.

  5. ʻE lava ke fakaʻuhingaʻi ha lea fakafonua “ko ha founga fetuʻutaki ʻoku ngāue ʻaki ʻe ha fonua pe tukui kolo pau” (Oxford Living Dictionaries, “language,” en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/language).

  6. Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakava 93:50; toe fakamamafaʻi.

  7. “ʻOku malava ke [fakatolonga ha lea tuʻufonua], ka ʻe fie maʻu e palani mo e mateaki” (Eowyn Crisfield,“Heritage Languages: Fighting a Losing Battle?” onraisingbilingualchildren.com/2013/03/ 25/heritage-languages-fighting-a-losing-battle). “Hangē ko ʻení, ne ola lelei hono tauhi ʻe he kau lea faka-Siamane he feituʻu hihifo Lotolotó ʻenau lea tuʻufonuá ʻi ha toʻu tangata lahi” (Alba, “Bilingualism Persists, but English Still Dominates”).

  8. David A. Bednar, “Multigenerational Families,” in General Conference Leadership Meetings, ʻEpeleli 2015, broadcasts.lds.org.

  9. Ko e taha e sīpinga fakaonopōní ko e fakahinohino mei he kau Palesitenisī ʻUluakí: “ʻOku mau enginaki ki he mātuʻá mo e fānaú ke fakamuʻomuʻa taha pē ʻa e lotu fakafāmilí, efiafi fakafāmili ʻi ʻapí, ako mo fakahinohinoʻi e ongoongoleleí, mo e ngaahi ʻekitivitī fakafāmili ʻoku leleí” (First Presidency letter, Fepueli 11, 1999).

  10. “ʻE fie maʻu ke ke ʻai e leá ke longomoʻui maʻa hoʻo fānaú, kae lava ʻo mahino kiate kinautolu mo fetuʻutaki mo ongoʻi ha konga e kakai ʻoku fakafofongaʻi ʻe he leá” (Criestfield “Heritage Languages: Fighting a Losing Battle?” toe fakamamafaʻi).

  11. Sione 5:19.

  12. “Ko hono tauhi ʻo e ʻaho ʻaukai totonú, ʻoku kau ai ʻa e ʻikai ke maʻu ha meʻatokoni mo ha inu ʻi ha houa kai hokohoko ʻe ua ʻi ha vahaʻa taimi ko e houa ʻe 24, kau ʻi he houalotu ʻaukai mo e fakamoʻoní, mo fai ha foaki ʻaukai lahi ke tokoni ʻi hono tauhi ʻo kinautolu ʻoku faingataʻaʻiá” (Tohi Tuʻutuʻuni Fika 2: Ko hono Puleʻi ʻo e Siasí [2010], 21.1.17).

  13. Vakai, ʻAmenai 1:17.

  14. Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakava 93:39; toe fakamamafaʻi.

  15. ʻOku ʻuhinga e “mole ʻa e leá” ʻi he lea ko ʻení ki he founga ʻe mole ai e ongoongoleleí (vakai Fakamaau 2:10; ʻAmenai 1:17; 3 Nīfai 1:30).

  16. Mōsaia 26:1, 3; toe fakamamafaʻi.

  17. Vakai, Mātiu 5:48; 3 Nīfai 12:48.

  18. Vakai, Mātiu 16:24–26.