Ko e Tūkunga Fakahisitōlia ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú
ʻE lava ke tokoniʻi ʻetau akó ʻi ha mahino ʻa e tupuʻanga ʻo e tohi folofola fakaofó ni.
ʻOku ʻi ai ha hisitōlia taʻe-hano-tatau ʻo e voliume takitaha ʻo e tohi folofola toputapú pea ʻokú ne fakamoʻoni ki he ongoongolelei ʻo e fakamoʻuí ʻi heʻene founga makehe pē ʻaʻana. ʻOku ʻiloa makehe pē ʻa e Fuakava Foʻoú ko e tohi folofola ʻokú ne fakatolonga mai ʻa e ngaahi lea ʻa ha kakai fakafoʻituitui naʻa nau ʻiloʻi lelei ʻa Sīsū pe naʻa nau muimuiʻ iate Ia hili pē ha taimi nounou mei Heʻene Toetuʻú—ʻo hoko ai ʻa e Fuakava Foʻoú ko ha maʻuʻanga fakamatala mahuʻinga ʻaupito ke tokoniʻi kitautolu ke tau toe ofi ange ki he Fakamoʻuí pea ʻiloʻi ha konga ʻo ʻEne ngāue fakafaifekau ʻi he māmaní. Ka mahino kiate kitautolu ʻa e hisitōlia ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú, ʻa e founga ʻene tukuʻau ʻo aʻu mai kiate kitautolú, pea ko hai naʻá ne hiki iá, ʻe lava ke tupulaki ai ʻetau fakahoungaʻi ʻa e tohi folofola fakaofó ni, pea te tau maʻu leva mei ai ha ivi fakalaumālie lahi ange ʻi heʻetau fehangahangai ko ia mo hotau ngaahi ʻahiʻahí ʻo hangē ko e kau muimui kimuʻa ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí.
Ko e Hā ʻa e Fuakava Foʻoú?
ʻI he ngaahi taʻu hili pē ha taimi nounou mei he pekia ʻa Sīsuú, naʻe ʻikai ʻuhinga e foʻi lea “Fuakava Foʻoú” ia ki ha ngaahi tohi kuo tātānaki fekauʻaki mo e moʻui pea mo e pekia ʻa e ʻEikí kae ʻuhinga matematē ki ha meʻa naʻá Ne lea ʻaki ki Heʻene kau ākongá ʻi he pō ʻo e ʻOhomohe Fakaʻosí: “He ko hoku toto ʻeni ʻo e fuakava foʻoú, ʻa ia ʻoku lilingi ke fakamolemole ai ʻa e angahala ʻa e tokolahi” (Mātiu 26:28; ko e toki tānaki atu hono fakamamafaʻí). ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻa e ngaahi lea faka-Kalisi ʻoku liliu ko e “fuakava foʻoú” ki ha fuakava, ʻa e fuakava foʻou ne tuku mai ʻe he Fakamoʻuí ʻo fakafou ʻi he Fakaleleí. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi, fakamoʻoniʻi, pea akoʻi mai ʻe he ngaahi meʻa kuo tohi ʻo tauhi ʻi he Tohi Tapú pea ui ko e fuakava foʻoú ʻa e fuakava foʻou ko ia ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ʻEikí mo Hono kakaí.
ʻOku nofotaha e ngaahi meʻa kuo tohi ʻo fakatolonga mai ʻi he Fuakava Foʻoú ʻi he ngaahi tafaʻaki kehekehe ʻo e ngāue fakafaifekau ʻa e Fakamoʻuí. ʻOku kamata ʻaki e Fuakava Foʻoú e ngaahi Kosipelí, ko ha foʻi lea ko hono ʻuhingá ko e “ongoongo lelei,” ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ki he moʻui, ngāue, mo e tufakanga fakalangi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí. ʻOku ʻi he Fuakava Foʻoú foki ha hisitōlia ʻo e ngaahi fuofua ngāue fakafaifekau ʻa e Siasí (ko e tohi ʻa Ngāue); ngaahi tohi mei he kau taki ʻi he kamataʻangá, hangē ko Pita mo Paula, ʻo enginaki ki he kakai Kalisitiane ʻi muʻá (ʻa ia ne toe ui foki ko e Kau Māʻoniʻoní) ke nau tauhi moʻoni ki he tuí; ko ha fakamoʻoni (Hepelū); mo ha fakahā [apocalypse] (Fakahā) ʻoku talaʻofa mai ai ʻe toe hāʻele mai ʻa e ʻEikí ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho kimui ní. ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he kau tangata takitaha naʻa nau hiki e ngaahi meʻá ni ha ʻilo kehekehe, pea naʻa nau hiki ia ʻo fakataumuʻa ki ha falukunga kakai pau kae ʻikai ko haʻanau feinga pē ke maʻu ha ngaahi fakamatala naʻe ʻikai hā ʻi he lekooti fakahisitōliá. Lolotonga e senituli hono fā a.d., naʻe fakatahatahaʻi pea fokotuʻutuʻu e ngaahi tohi ko ia ʻe 27 ʻoku hiki ai e fuakava foʻou ʻa e ʻEikí ʻo hangē ko ʻene hā he ʻaho ní.
Naʻe Anga Fēfē e Tukuʻau Mai ʻa e Fuakava Foʻoú Kiate Kitautolú?
Naʻe ui ʻe Sīsū ha kau tangata ʻe toko 12 mei ha kau ākonga tokolahi ange ke hoko ko ha kau ʻAposetolo. Ne muimui e kau tangata ko iá ʻiate Ia ʻi hono kotoa e taimi naʻá Ne ngāue fakafaifekau aí, mamahi mo Ia, pea nau aʻusia foki ha ngaahi ikuna mo ha ngaahi meʻa faka-Laumālie. Hili e pekia ʻa Sīsuú, naʻe kamata hiki ʻe he kau ʻAposetoló, fakataha mo Hono kau muimui faivelenga kehé, ʻa e ngaahi meʻa ne nau aʻusiá. Mahalo naʻe tupu ʻenau fie fakatolonga ʻenau ngaahi lekooti fekauʻaki mo e moʻui ʻa Sīsuú mei ha meʻa ʻe ua naʻe hoko: ʻuluakí, naʻe tō ʻa Selusalema ki he nima ʻo ha kongakau Loma ʻi he a.d. 70. Uá, kuo kamata ngāue e ngaahi mālohi ʻo e hē mei he moʻoní (vakai, Ngāue 20:29–30). Ko ia ai, naʻe hiki e ngaahi tohi lahi ʻi he Fuakava Foʻoú ke tokoniʻi e kakai faivelengá ke nau hao mei he moveuveu mo e fakakikihi ʻo e ʻaho ko iá.
ʻI heʻetau vakai atu ki he ngaahi meʻa naʻa nau aʻusiá, ʻoku lava ke tau ʻiloʻi e founga naʻa nau tali ʻaki e ngaahi taimi faingataʻá mo ʻene hoko ʻa e ongoongo lelei ʻo e kosipelí ko ha ivi pau ke ne pukepuke kinautolu ʻi heʻenau fekuki mo e ngaahi mālohi ʻo e hē mei he moʻoní.
ʻI heʻene ofiofi ki he fakaʻosinga ʻo e senituli ʻuluakí, kuo ʻosi kakato pea tufaki e ngaahi meʻa ko ia kuo tohi pea fakatolonga ʻi he Fuakava Foʻoú ki he ngaahi kolo ʻo e Siasí. Naʻe hiki ʻe ha kau tangata tohi ha ngaahi tatau ʻo e tohí ʻi ha tohi ngaohi mei he kutá pea kimui ai ʻi ha kiliʻimanu, ka naʻe siʻisiʻi pē ʻa e ngaahi tatau naʻe maʻú. Naʻe tānaki mai ʻe he kāingalotuʻ o e Siasí ʻa e ngaahi tohi naʻe lava ke nau maʻú ʻo lau mo ako e ngaahi folofola ʻa e ʻEikí mo e ngaahi lea ʻa e kau ʻAposetoló. Ko e meʻa ʻe taha naʻe fuʻu ʻilonga ʻene fakafeʻatungiaʻi hono tufaki ʻo e ngaahi tohi folofolá ko hono fakatangaʻi ʻo e kau Kalisitiané ʻe he ʻemipola Loma ko ia ko Taiokelētiane ʻi he a.d. 303. Naʻá ne tuʻutuʻuni ke tutu e ngaahi tohi folofola ʻa e kau Kalisitiané pea fakamālohiʻi kinautolu ke nau ʻoatu ha feilaulau ki he ngaahi ʻotua tamapuá. Naʻe fūfuuʻi ʻe ha niʻihi faivelenga tokolahi ʻa e ngaahi tohi toputapú ni lolotonga e ngaahi taʻu ʻo e fakatangá. ʻI ha tuʻutuʻuni kimui ange ʻa Konisitenitaine, ko e fuofua ʻemipola Kalisitiané, ke ʻai ha ngaahi tatau ʻo e folofolá, naʻe maʻu hake ʻe heʻene kau tangata akó ʻa e ngaahi tohi ko ia naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he ngaahi koló kimuʻa he tuʻutuʻuni naʻe fai ʻe Taiokelētiané. ʻOku fakatotoloʻi ʻetau ngaahi pulusinga ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú he ʻaho ní ki he ngaahi tatau ʻo e Tohi Tapú naʻe paaki ʻi he kuonga ʻo Konisitenitainé pea naʻe toe foki pē ai kiate kinautolu naʻa nau feilaulau ke maluʻi mo fakatolonga mai e fuakava foʻou ʻa e ʻEikí.
Ne ʻikai fuoloa mei hono tuʻutuʻuni ʻe Konisitenitaine ke toe ʻai foʻou ha ngaahi tatau ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú pea tufakí, naʻe fokotuʻutuʻu e ngaahi tohi ʻoku ʻi heʻetau Tohi Tapu lolotongá ʻi hono fakahokohoko he taimi ní. ʻOku muimui e fakahokohoko ko ʻení ki ha sīpinga naʻe fokotuʻu ʻe he Fuakava Motuʻá. ʻOku ʻi he Fuakava Motuʻá ʻa e Fonó (ʻa e Faaʻi Kosipelí), ʻa e hisitōlia ʻo e lotu faka-Kalisitiané (Ngāue)”, mo e Kau Palōfitá (meia Loma ʻo aʻu ki he Fakahaá). ʻOku fakatou fakaʻosi ʻaki e Fuakava Motuʻá mo e Fuakava Foʻoú ha talaʻofa ʻe toe hāʻele mai ʻa e ʻEikí (Malakai mo Fakahā). ʻOku toe fakamamafaʻi mai foki ʻe he ngaahi ngāue fakakikite ko ʻení ha hanganaki atu mo ha ʻamanaki lelei ki he fakamoʻuí mo ha ngaahi fakahā ʻi he kahaʻú.
Ko Hai Naʻá Ne Hiki e Fuakava Foʻoú?
Naʻe hiki ʻe he tokotaha kotoa pē naʻe kau ʻenau tohí ʻi he Fuakava Foʻoú ha ʻilo mahino fekauʻaki mo e misiona faifakamoʻui ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí. Naʻe hiki e Kosipeli ʻe ua ʻe ha ongo ʻAposetolo: ko Mātiu mo Sione. Naʻe ʻomi ʻe he ongo fakamoʻoni fakaeʻaposetolo ko ʻení ha fakamoʻoni ʻi heʻena mamata tonu ʻi he moʻui ʻa Sīsuú. Ne hiki foki ʻe ha ongo muimui kimui ʻo e ʻEikí ha Kosipeli ʻe ua: ko Maʻake mo Luke, ʻa ia naʻá na fakamoʻoni ki he meʻa ne na ongoʻi mo fanongo ki aí. Ne ʻi ai e taimi ʻe taha ne fakatou hoko ai e ongo tangatá ni ko ha hoa ngāue fakafaifekau ʻo Paula (vakai, Ngāue 12:25; 2 Tīmote 4:11) peá na fakamatala fakakonga pē ki he tokanga ʻa e Kāingalotu ne fakaʻau ke nau tupu tokolahi mo nofo ʻi tuʻa mei Siuteá, pea ʻikai ʻaupito pē ke nau ʻiloʻi ʻa e ʻEikí lolotonga ʻEne moʻuí. Ka ʻoku ʻomi ʻe heʻena ngaahi fakamatalá ha fakamoʻoni mahino kiate Ia naʻá na tui ki aí.
Hangehangē ko e ngaahi tohi naʻe fai ʻe Paulá ʻa e ngaahi ʻuluaki tohi ʻi he Fuakava Foʻoú, neongo ne ʻikai tohi kinautolu ʻi he taimi tatau. Naʻe tupu ʻene fakamoʻoní mei he ngaahi meʻa naʻá ne aʻusia ʻi heʻene ngāue fakafaifekaú, mei he ngaahi meʻa-hā-mai mālohi naʻá ne maʻu (vakai, Ngāue 9:1–6; 2 Kolinitō 12:1–7), pea ʻi heʻene feohi fakatāutaha pē mo Pita mo e niʻihi kehé (vakai, Kalētia 1:18–19). Ko e lahi taha ʻo ʻene faitohí ke fakaleleiʻi e ngaahi moveuveu ʻi he ngaahi kolo ʻo e Siasí, ka naʻá ne tohi he taimi kehe ki hono ongo kaungāmeʻa mamae (ko Tīmote mo Taitusi). ʻI he tohi ʻe taha ne kole ai ʻa Paula ki ha taha naʻá ne tauhi ha kau pōpula ke fakafoki atu ha pōpula naʻe fetaulaki mo Paula lolotonga ʻena ʻi he fale fakapōpulá (ko Filimone). ʻI he tukufakaholó ʻoku pehē ai ko e tohi Hepeluú naʻe hiki ia ʻe Paula, neongo ʻoku ʻikai hā ʻeni ʻi he talateu angamaheni ʻokú ne fakahā ai ko ia naʻá ne faʻu e tohí. Neongo ia, ʻoku fakamoʻoni e tohí ki he founga ʻe lava ke tau loto-toʻa ai ʻo ʻalu atu ki he ʻEikí ʻi he tuí. ʻOku kau ʻi he Fuakava Foʻoú hili e ngaahi tohi ʻa Paulá, ʻa e fakamatala ʻi he tohi Hepeluú ki he tui ʻi he fehangahangai mo e filí.
Naʻe hiki foki mo e Tohi nounou ʻa Sēmisí kimuʻa ʻaupito pē pea ʻoku ʻi ai e fakamatala ki he ngaahi akonaki ʻa Sīsū mei he Malanga ʻi he Moʻungá ʻa ia naʻe fakamatala ngutu mo mavahe pē ia mei he Kosipeli ʻa Mātiu naʻe hikí (vakai, Sēmisi 1:13; 4:12; 5:12). Ngalingali pē ko Sēmisi, tehina ʻo e ʻEikí, naʻá ne fai ʻa e tohí ni. Naʻá ne monūʻia ke ʻiloʻi mo mamata ʻi he Fakamoʻui kuo toetuʻú (vakai, 1 Kolinitō 15:7) mo kau ʻi he ngaahi meʻa lahi naʻe hoko ʻi he hisitōlia ʻo e Siasí (vakai, Ngāue 15:13–29).
ʻOku ʻi he Fuakava Foʻoú foki ha tohi ʻe ua ʻa e ʻAposetolo ko Pitá mo e tohi ʻe tolu ʻa e ʻAposetolo ko Sioné. Naʻá na fakatou naʻinaʻi ki he kau Kalisitiané ke nau faivelenga; naʻe tokanga lahi ʻa Pita ki he tuʻunga ʻo e anganofó lolotonga e ngaahi taimi ʻo e ʻahiʻahí.
Ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi tohi fakamuimui taha ʻoku hiki ʻi he Fuakava Foʻoú ko e tohi ʻa Suté. Hangē pē ko Sēmisí, ngalingali naʻe hiki e tohí ni ʻe ha taha ʻo e ngaahi tokoua ʻo e ʻEikí (“Sute” ʻi he Maʻake 6:3). Naʻe tohi ʻa Sute ʻo feinga ke taʻofi ʻa e fakautuutu ʻo e hē mei he moʻoní ʻi he ngaahi kolo ʻo e Siasí.
Fakaʻosí, ʻoku fakaʻosi ʻaki e Fuakava Foʻoú ʻa e fakahā ki he ʻAposetolo ko Sioné, ʻa ia naʻá ne hiki ha meʻa-hā-mai fekauʻaki mo e toe hāʻele mai ʻa e ʻEikí ʻi he nāunau ke kamata ʻene pule ʻi he Māmaní lolotonga ʻa e Nofotuʻí. ʻOku fakamatala fakaikiiki mahino ʻe he meʻa-hā-mai ko iá ʻa e fefāingaʻaki ʻa e leleí mo e koví. ʻOku fakamatala ʻa e konga lahi ʻo e ngaahi vahé ki he ngaahi meʻa ki he kahaʻú kia Sione, kau ai mo e ngaahi meʻa ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho kimui ní—ʻa hotau kuongá ni.
Ko Hai Naʻe Fakataumuʻa Ki Ai hono Hiki ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú?
Koeʻuhí ʻapē ko e Fuakava Foʻoú ko ha fuakava foʻou ia ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ʻEikí mo kinautolu ʻoku tui kiate Iá, ʻoku fakataumuʻa ʻa e ngaahi tohí maʻanautolu kotoa pē ʻoku fekumi ke ʻiloʻi Iá, ʻo tatau ai pē pe ʻi he kuongá ni pe ʻi he ngaahi kuonga kimuʻá. ʻI he kamataʻangá, naʻe fai ʻe kinautolu naʻa nau faʻu e Fuakava Foʻoú ha ngaahi tohi ʻe lava ke fakaʻaongaʻi he taimi pē ko iá ʻi he ngaahi kolo ʻo e Siasí ʻi honau kuongá, pea naʻe mahino kiate kinautolu ko ʻenau hiki ia ha lekooti ʻo e ngaahi meʻa mahuʻinga taha naʻe hoko ʻi he hisitōlia ʻo e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá. Hangē ko ʻení, naʻe lau ʻe Sione ʻa e ngaahi meʻa naʻá ne tohí ko ha fakamoʻoni: “Ka kuo tohi ʻeni, koʻeuhí ke mou tui ko e Kalaisí ʻa Sīsū, ko e ʻAlo ʻo e ʻOtuá; pea ke mou maʻu ʻi hoʻomou tuí ʻa e moʻuí ʻi hono huafá” (Sione 20:31). Naʻe tohi e niʻihi kehe, hangē ko Luké, ʻo fakataumuʻa ke fakamatalaʻi totonu e hisitōliá:
“Ko e meʻa ʻi he fai ʻe he tokolahi ke tohi [fakaholoholo] hono fakamatala ʻo e ngaahi meʻa ko ia ʻoku tui moʻoni ki ai ʻiate kitautolú,
“ ʻO hangē ko ia kuo tuku mai kiate kitautolu, ʻe kinautolu naʻe mamata pau ki aí, pea hoko ko e kau faifekau ʻo e folofolá, talu hono kamataʻangá;
“ Ko e meʻa ʻi heʻeku kumi fakatotolo ki he meʻa kotoa pē talu hono kamataʻangá, ʻoku ou loto ai ke u tohi [fakahokohoko] atu ia kiate koe” (Luke 1:1–3).
Naʻe kehekehe pē e faʻahinga tūkunga ne ʻi ai e kakai Kalisitiane ʻi he kamataʻangá, omi e niʻihi mei he ngaahi fāmili Siu, pea ko e niʻihi naʻe ʻohake ʻi ha ngaahi ʻapi Senitaile, pea tokosiʻi foki mo e niʻihi naʻa nau lotu kimuʻa pea toki papitaiso kinautolú. Ko ha ʻata kinautolu ʻo e ngaahi kulupu kehekehe ʻo e Kāingalotu he ʻaho ní. Ko ia, ʻoku lava ke talamai kiate kitautolu ʻe he ngaahi meʻa ne nau fekuki mo ʻiá ha ngaahi lēsoni mālohi fekauʻaki mo e founga ke ikunaʻi ʻaki ʻa e faiangahalá pea moʻui faivelenga neongo ʻa e faingataʻá mo e ʻahiʻahí. ʻOku nau fakahā mai foki e faingataʻaʻia ʻa e ngaahi kolo ʻo e Siasí ʻi heʻenau kei tokosiʻí mo e anga ʻo e ʻi ai e malú ʻi he ngaahi lea ʻa e kau ʻaposetoló mo e palōfitá.
Ko ha Fakamoʻoni maʻá e Kuongá ni
ʻOku fakahā mai ʻe he Fuakava Foʻoú, ko e taimi naʻe ʻikai tokanga ai ha niʻihi ki he ui ʻa e ongoongoleleí lolotonga e ngaahi taimi taʻepaú, naʻe malu pē ʻa kinautolu naʻa nau “tuʻu maʻu ʻi he akonaki ʻa e kau ʻaposetoló, mo e feʻofoʻofaní, mo e tofi ʻo e maá, mo e fehufekiná” Ngāue 2:42). ʻOku akoʻi kitautolu ʻe ha ngaahi sīpinga kehe naʻa mo e kakai māʻoniʻoní, ʻoku ʻahiʻahiʻi kinautolu (vakai, 1 Kolinitō 10:13) pea ʻoku kei faingofua tatau pē ʻa e tefito ʻo e ongoongoleleí he ʻahó ni ʻo hangē ko ia ʻi he taʻu ʻe 2,000 kuo hilí: “Ko e lotu māʻoniʻoni mo taʻe hano mele ʻi he ʻao ʻo e ʻOtua ko e Tamaí, ko ʻeni ia, Ke ʻaʻahi ki he ngaahi tamai maté mo e kau fefine kuo mate honau ʻunohó, ʻi heʻenau mamahí, pea ke fakaʻehiʻehi ia mei māmani ke taʻe hano mele” (Sēmisi 1:27). Hangē ko e Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakavá, ʻa ia naʻe fakamoʻoni ai ʻa e Palōfita ko Siosefa Sāmitá “ ʻokú ne moʻuí!” (T&F 76:22), ʻoku pehē ʻa e fakamoʻoni tatau ʻa e Fuakava Foʻoú naʻe ʻikai ha taha ʻi he fonualotó ʻi he pongipongi Toetuʻú: ʻʻ ʻOku ʻikai ʻi heni ia: he kuo toe tuʻu” (Mātiu 28:6).
Ko Sīsū Kalaisi mo ʻEne Kau ʻAposetoló ʻi he ʻOhomohe Fakaʻosí.
Ko e fanongo ʻa e Kāingalotu ʻi he kuonga muʻá ki he taha ʻo e ngaahi tohi ʻa Paulá.
Ko e fai ʻe Paula ha tohi mei he fale fakapōpulá.
Ko e malanga ʻa Pita kia Koniliusi mo hono falé.
Ko e malanga mo faifakamoʻui ʻa Pita mo Sioné.
Ngaahi tā fakatātaá © Dover Publications
Toʻomataʻú: tā fakatātaaʻi ʻe Adam Koford