Ko Hono Tauhi ʻa e Tuíʻi he Liʻekina
ʻI he taimi naʻe hanga ai ʻe he taú, mahakí, pe ngaahi tūkunga kehé ʻo fokotuʻu e ngaahi kāingalotu ko ʻeni ʻo e Siasí ke nau tuenoa ai ʻi honau ngaahi fonuá, ko e founga ʻeni ne nau kei faivelenga aí.
Ko e tokolahi taha e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ni ʻi he ʻaho ní ʻoku nau lotu ʻi ha ngaahi uōti mo e kolo ʻa ia ʻoku lava ai ke nau “faʻa fakataha … ke ʻaukai mo lotu, pea ke fetalanoaʻaki ʻiate kinautolu ʻo kau ki he lelei ʻo honau laumālié” (Molonai 6:5). Ka naʻe fai ʻe Molonai, ʻa e palōfita naʻá ne hiki ʻa e ngaahi lea ko iá, ʻa e niʻihi ʻo ʻene ngāue ʻe tolonga tahá ʻi he taimi naʻá ne tuenoa ai ko ha ākonga hili e fakaʻauha hono kakaí.
ʻI hono kotoa ʻo e hisitōlia ʻo e Siasí, ʻoku tokolahi ha Kau Mā‘oni‘oni ‘i he Ngaahi ‘Aho Kimui Ní kuo nau tauhi ʻa e tuí tokotaha pē ʻi he ngaahi tūkunga ne nau liʻekina aí. Hangē ko Molonaí, kuo moʻui ha niʻihi ʻi honau ngaahi ʻahó ko ha kau fakamoʻoni mo ha ngaahi sīpinga ki he toʻu tangata he kahaʻú. Kuo moʻui ha niʻihi kehe ke nau sio ki ha ʻaho te nau toe lava ke vahevahe ai ʻenau tuí.
Lotu ʻi ha Ngaahi Taʻu ki he ʻAho Ko ʻEní
Ngaahi tā fakatātā ʻa Ken Spencer
Naʻe kau ‘a Falanisesikā Polotilova ki he Siasí ʻi Viena ʻi he 1913—ʻi he taʻu ki muʻa ʻi he kamataʻanga ʻo e Tau Lahi ʻa Māmani Hono I—pea naʻe ʻikai ke ne maʻu ha fetuʻutaki mo e kau mēmipa kehe ʻo e Siasí ʻo aʻu ki he 1929.
Tā valivali ʻo Falanisesikā Vesela Polotilova ʻi he angalelei ʻa e Visual Resources Library
Naʻe ʻikai teitei ʻiloʻi ʻe Falanisesikā Polotilova ʻa e fatongia te ne maʻu ʻi he hisitōlia ʻo e Siasí ʻi he taimi naʻe tukituki atu ai ha faifekau ʻi hono matapaá ʻi Viena ʻi he 1913. ʻI he taʻu hono hokó hili ko ia ʻene uluí, naʻe kāpui ʻe he Tau Lahi ʻa Māmani Hono I ʻa e ʻEmipaea ʻAositulō-Hungalí, foki e kau faifekaú ki ʻapi, pea ui e kāingalotu tangata tokolahi ki he ngāue fakakautaú, ʻo tuku ai ʻa Falanisesikā mo ha niʻihi e kau fafine kehé ke nau fakataha pē ʻiate kinautolu.
Ko e taimi pē ia ne maʻu ai ʻe Falanisesikā ʻa e fetuʻutaki lahi taha mo e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻi he ngaahi taʻu lahi. Hili e taú, naʻe talaʻofa ki he husepāniti ʻa Falanisesikaá, ko Falaniseki, ha tuʻunga fakangāue ʻi he puleʻanga foʻou ʻo Sekisolovakiá. Hili ʻena hiki ki Palakí, naʻe hoko ʻa e Falanisesikā ko e mēmipa pē ia ʻe taha ʻo e Siasí ʻi he fonuá. Naʻe pekia ʻa Falaniseki ʻi ha ngaahi māhina siʻi mei ai, pea naʻe nofo ai ʻa Falanisesikā mo ha ongo kiʻi tamaiki fefine—Falanisesi mo Seini—ke ne tauhi.
Ne akoʻi ʻe Falanisesikā hono ongo ʻofefiné ʻa e ongoongoleleí ʻiate ia pē. Naʻe pehē ʻe Falanisesikā, “Naʻá ku tupu hake ʻi he Siasi.” “Ko e siasí homau ʻapí!”1 Naʻe faitohi foki ʻa Falanisesikā ki he kau taki ʻo e Siasí ʻi ʻAositulia ʻo kole ke vahe mai ha kau faifekau ki Sekisolovakia. Naʻe momou e kau taki ʻo e Siasí koeʻuhi naʻe fakahū pilīsone e faifekau fakamuimuitaha ʻi Palakí, ʻi ha taʻu ʻe 40 ki muʻa, koeʻuhi ko ʻene malangá pea naʻe kapusi ai ia mei he koló Neongo ʻa e puleʻanga foʻoú, naʻe manavahē e kau taki ʻo e Siasí koeʻuhi naʻe siʻisiʻi ke fai ha liliu.
Ne ʻikai ʻunua ʻa Falanisesikā pea naʻe hokohoko atu ʻene faitohi mo lotua ke fokotuʻu ha misiona. ʻI he 1928, hili e nofo tokotaha ʻa Falanisesikā ʻi ha taʻu ʻe hongofulu, naʻe toe foki mai—ʻa e faifekau tatau naʻe malanga ʻi Palaki ʻi he ngaahi taʻu ki muʻá—ʻa ia ko Tōmasi Paisinga, kuó ne taʻu 83. Naʻe hangē kuo ngata ʻa e nofo tokotaha pē e fāmilí. Kae kehe, hili ha taimi nounou mei ai, naʻe fakatupu ʻe he hōloa e moʻui lelei ʻa ʻEletā Paisingá ke ne mavahe mei he fonuá.
Naʻe loto-siʻi ʻa Falanisesikā ka naʻá ne fili ke hoko atu ʻene faitohi ki he kāingalotú mo e kau taki ʻo e Siasí ʻi mulí. Naʻe fakapaleʻi ʻene loto vilitakí: ʻi he ʻaho 24 ʻo Siulai, 1929, naʻe tūʻuta ai ʻa ʻEletā Sione A. Uitisou (1872–1952) ʻo e Kōlomu ʻo e Kau ʻAposetolo ʻe Toko Hongofulu Mā Uá ʻi Palaki fakataha mo ha kulupu faifekau. ʻI he efiafi ko iá, naʻe kaka ʻa Falanisesikā mo e kulupú ʻi ha moʻunga naʻe ofi ki he Kāsolo Kalasitení, ʻa ia naʻe fakatapui ai ʻe ʻEletā Uitisou ʻa Sekisolovakia ki hono malangaʻi ʻo e ongoongoleleí pea fokotuʻu ai mo ha misiona. Naʻe tohi kimui ʻe Falanisesikā, “ʻOku tokosiʻi e kakai te nau lava ke ʻiloʻi e fiefia ne mau aʻusiá.” “[Kuo] mau lotua ʻi ha ngaahi taʻu lahi ʻa e ʻaho ko ʻení.”2
Naʻe kau atu ʻa Falanisesikā ʻi he taimi naʻe fakatapui ai ʻa ʻEletā Sione A. Uitisou (fakatouʻosi ʻi he ʻotu ʻi lotó) ʻa Sekisolovakia ki hono malangaʻi ʻo e ongoongoleleí ʻi he 1929.
ʻI ha meimei māhina ʻe ono, ne fakataha e koló ʻi he ʻapi ʻo Falanisesikaá. Naʻe faifai pea tokoniʻi ʻe Falanisesikā hono ngaahi ʻofefiné ʻi hono liliu ʻo e Tohi ʻa Molomoná ki he lea faka-Seki mo fakatoka ha fakavaʻe maʻá e Siasí ʻi he feituʻu ʻoku ʻiloa he ʻahó ni ko e Lepupelika ʻo Sekí.
Kuo kātekina ‘e ha tokolahi ʻo e Kau Mā‘oni‘oni ‘i he Ngaahi ‘Aho Kimui Ní ʻa e liʻekiná ʻo hangē ko Falanisesikaá. Naʻe kau ʻa e kakai tangata mo e fafine ko ʻení ʻi he ʻuluaki niʻihi ne nau vahevahe e ongoongoleleí mo fakatoka e fakavaʻe ʻo e Siasí ʻi honau ngaahi fonua tupuʻangá, ʻa ia naʻe fakaʻatā ai ʻa e niʻihi kehé ke nau vahevahe kimui ange ʻi he feohiʻanga ʻo e kau Māʻoniʻoní.
Ko e Meʻaʻofa Tuʻu Maʻu ʻo e Tui Moʻoní
ʻI heʻene hoko ko e kaumātuʻa pulé, naʻe fatongia ʻaki ʻe Fusia Nala (ʻi he suti ʻuliʻulí) ʻa hono tauhi ʻo e fetuʻutaki mo e kau mēmipá hili hono tāpuni ʻa e Japan Mission ʻi he 1924.
ʻI he taimi naʻe tāpuni ai e Japan Mission ʻi he 1924, naʻe ongoʻi ʻe he kāingalotu tokolahi ʻenau hē mo liʻekiná. Naʻe tō e tuʻunga fakatakimuʻa ki ha kāingalotu ʻe meimei 160 ʻi Siapaní kia Fusia Nala, ko e kaumātuʻa pule ʻi he fonuá, ʻa ia ne fakangofua ʻe heʻene ngāue he halanga lēlué ke ne ʻaʻahi ki he kau mēmipa kuo mafola atu ʻenau nofó. ʻI he taimi naʻe ʻikai lava ai ke ʻaʻahi ʻa Fusiá, naʻá ne pukepuke e fetuʻutakí ʻaki hono pulusi ha makasini naʻe ui ko e Shuro (Palm Leaf) ʻa ia naʻá ne vahevahe ai ʻa e ngaahi pōpoaki ʻo e ongoongoleleí mo poupouʻi e Kāingalotu ʻoku kei toé ʻi he ngaahi taʻu taʻemanonga ne muimui maí.
Hili hono fakahiki ʻa Fusia ʻe hono ngāueʻangá ki Manisuliá pea pekia fakafokifā hono fetongi ki he kaumātuʻa pulé ʻi he 1937, ne ʻikai fuoloa mei ai kuo mole e fetuʻutaki mo e kāingalotu ʻi Siapaní. Naʻe pehē ʻe Fusia, “Neongo naʻe ʻikai hamau fetuʻutaki mo Soleki Siti, … ka naʻa mau maʻu ha loto fakapapau ʻe toe fakaava ʻa e Siasí [ʻi heni].”3
Lolotonga e Tau Lahi ‘a Māmani Hono II, ne foki mai ʻa Fusia ki Tokiō, ʻo ne malanga ki hono kaungāʻapí mo fokotuʻu ʻa e ngaahi fakataha fakauike ʻa e Lautohi Faka-Sāpaté. Hili e taú, naʻe maʻu ʻe Fusia ha fanongonongo ne fai ʻe ʻEtuate L. Kilisolo—ko ha mēmipa ʻo e Siasí naʻe ngāue fakakautau maʻa ʻAmelika—ko hano fakaafeʻi ʻo e kau mēmipa ʻo e Siasí ʻi he fonuá ke fetuʻutaki kiate ia. Naʻe ʻaʻahi atu ʻa Fusia ʻi he taimi pē ko iá kia ʻEtuate ʻi hono loki he hōtelé. ʻI he taimi naʻe ʻalu ai ʻa ʻEtuate ki he ngaahi fakataha ʻo e Siasí ʻi Tokioó, naʻá ne ʻohovale he maʻulotu ha kakai ʻe meimei toko 100.
Naʻe pehē ʻe Fusia kimui ange, “ʻI he ngaahi meʻa kotoa pē, ko e meʻaʻofa maʻongoʻonga tahá, mo ha meʻaʻofa ʻoku tuʻu maʻú, ko e ʻiloʻi mo tali ʻa e tui moʻoní—ʻa ia ʻoku ʻuhinga ia ko hono ʻiloʻi ʻa e Tamai Hēvaní, Sīsū Kalaisi, pea mo e Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní.”4
Langa ʻo e Siasí ʻi Hauaiʻí
Ko e taha ʻo e ʻuluaki kau papi ului ʻi Hauaiʻí, naʻe tokoni ʻa Sonatane Napela ke liliu ʻa e Tohi ʻa Molomoná ki he lea faka-Hauaiʻí.
Tā valivali ʻo Sonatane Napelá ʻi he angalelei ʻa e Church Hisotry Library and Archives
Naʻe hoko ʻa Sonatane H. Napela ko ha fakamaau naʻe fakaʻapaʻapaʻiaʻi ʻi he motu ko Mauí ki muʻa peá ne papitaiso mo hono uaifi ko Kití, ʻi he 1851. Hili hono fakamālohiʻi ʻa Sonatane ke ne fakafisi mei heʻene hoko ko e fakamaaú koeʻuhi ko ʻene kau ki he Siasí, naʻá ne līʻoa ki hono langa hake ʻa e Siasí ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e kau lea faka-Hauaiʻí. Naʻe akoʻi ʻe Sonatane ʻa e faifekau ko Siaosi Q. Kenoni ʻi he leá, tokoni ke liliu ʻa e Tohi ʻa Molomoná, mo fokotuʻutuʻu e fuofua polokalama ki hono akoʻi ‘a e kau faifekaú ʻi ha faʻahinga lea fakafonua muli pē.
Ko hono olá, naʻe kau mai ki he Siasí ha kāinga Hauaiʻi ʻe 3,000 ʻi loto ʻi he taʻu ʻe tolu. Naʻe tohi ʻa Sonatane ʻo pehē, “ʻOku hā mahino ʻaupito kiate kimautolu ko e siasi ʻeni ʻa e ʻOtuá.” “ʻOku tokolahi ha niʻihi he ʻotu motú ni ʻoku nau maʻu ʻa e tui mālohí ʻi he ʻaloʻofa ʻa e ʻOtuá, tuʻunga ʻia Sīsū Kalaisi ko e ʻEikí, koeʻuhi ke mau maʻu ʻa e Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní.”5
ʻI he 1872, naʻe puke ai ʻa Kiti Napela ʻi he kiliá pea naʻe fie maʻu ke ne hiki ki he kolonia ‘o e kakai kiliá ʻi Molokaʻí. Naʻe sai ange pē kia Sonatane ke ne kole ki he koloniá ke fakahū mo ia, ʻi haʻane nofo fakataha mo e Kāingalotú. Naʻá ne faitohi ki he poate ʻo e moʻuí ʻo pehē, “Lolotonga e vahaʻataimi nounou ʻoku toé, ʻoku ou loto ke u nofo fakataha mo hoku uaifí.”6 Naʻe tali e kolé, pea naʻe hoko ‘a Sonatane ko e palesiteni fakakolo ʻi Molokaʻi. Naʻe ngāue vāofi ʻa Sonatane mo e pātele Katolika fakalotofonua, ko Father Damien, ke tokoni kiate kinautolu kotoa pē naʻe fakamamahiʻi ʻaki ʻa e mahakí ni. Naʻe faifai pē pea mālōlō ʻa Sonatane mei he kiliá ʻa ia naʻá ne puke ai ʻi he koloniá.
“ʻOku ou Vīkiviki ke Hoko ko ha Meʻangāue ʻi he Toʻukupu ʻo e ʻOtuá”
Naʻe kau atu ʻa Uilama Feletiliki (fika ua mei toʻohemá) mo ʻĒmili Houpi (ʻi loto, ʻotu muí) ki he kau fuofua papitaiso ʻi ʻĀsenitiná.
Naʻe hoko e ongo fāmili Feletilikí mo Houpí ko e Kāingalotu pē ia ʻi ʻĀsenitina ʻi he taimi naʻa nau hiki mai ai mei Siamane ʻi he konga kimuʻa ʻo e 1920 tupú. Naʻe feinga ʻa Uilama Feletiliki mo ʻĒmili Houpi ke vahevahe ʻa e ongoongoleleí ʻi hona fonua foʻoú, ʻaki hono tufaki ʻo e fanga kiʻi tohitufa pea mo fakaafeʻi e niʻihi kehé ke kau ki heʻenau ngaahi fakatahá. Naʻe tohi ʻa Uilama ʻo pehē, “ʻOku ou maʻu ha tui kakato ki heʻeku Tamai Hēvaní te Ne fekauʻi mai ha ngaahi kaungāmeʻa moʻoni ʻa ia te nau tali ʻa e ongoongoleleí, he ʻoku ou vīkiviki ke hoko ko ha meʻangāue ʻi he toʻukupu ʻo e ʻOtuá.”7
Ka neongo iá, naʻe ʻi ai ha ngaahi faingataʻa lahi. Naʻe nofo vā mamaʻo e ngaahi fāmilí pea naʻe pau ai ke nau fononga ha houa ʻe ua ke nau fakataha. Koeʻuhi naʻe tīkoni ʻa ʻĒmili pea akonaki ʻa Uilama ʻi he Lakanga Taulaʻeiki Faka-ʻĒloné, naʻe ʻikai ke nau lava ʻo fakahoko ʻa e ngaahi ouau hangē ko e Sākalamēnití pe ko hano foaki ha ngaahi tāpuaki ʻo e lakanga fakataulaʻeikí.
ʻI he 1924, ne fāʻeleʻi ai ʻe Hilitā Houpi ha kiʻi pēpē fefine, ʻa ia naʻe pekia hili ha mahina ʻe ua mei ai. Lolotonga ʻene tengihiá, naʻe kole ‘e Hilitā pe ko e hā e founga ʻe lava ai ke fakakau mai ai e hingoa ʻo e pēpeé ʻi he ngaahi lekooti ʻo e Siasí. Ko hono olá, ne kamata fetuʻutaki ʻa Uilama mo e kau taki ʻo e Siasí ʻi Soleki Siti.
ʻI ha taʻu ʻe taha mo e konga mei ai, naʻe ʻave ʻa ʻEletā Mēvini J. Palati (1873–1939) ʻo e Kōlomu ʻo e Kau ʻAposetolo ʻe Toko Hongofulu Mā Uá fakataha mo ha kau faifekau kehe ke nau feʻiloaki mo e kau papi ului ne fakaʻau ke nau tupulaki ʻi Puenosi ʻAilé. ʻI he taimi naʻa nau tūʻuta ai ʻi Tīsema ʻo e 1925, naʻe papitaiso ʻe ʻEletā Palati ha kau ului tokolahi mo fokotuʻu ha kolo. Naʻe fakatapui ʻe ʻEletā Palati ʻa Saute ʻAmelika ki he ngāue fakafaifekaú ʻi he ʻAho Kilisimasí mo fokotuʻu e fuofua misiona ʻi he konitinēnití.
Ko Hono ʻOmi ʻo e Ongoongoleleí ki Hono Kakaí
ʻI he taimi naʻe fetaulaki ai ʻa e Filipe mo ʻAnelisi ʻAsati (toʻohema) pea mo Lusieni mo ʻĀkata Afuí ʻi Kouti ti ʻAivolí, naʻe fiefia fakatouʻosi e ongo mātuʻa malí ʻi heʻenau ʻiloʻi ne ʻikai te nau tuenoa ʻi he Siasí ʻi aí.
Ne langa ʻe Filipe mo ʻAnelisi ʻAsati ha moʻui fiemālie ʻi he taimi ne tukituki atu ai e ongo faifekaú ʻi hona ʻapí ʻi Kolini, Siamane, ʻi he 1980. Naʻe vave ʻena tali ʻa e ongoongoleleí mo ongoʻi ʻena “fonu mahuohua he ngaahi tāpuakí.” Taimi nounou mei ai ne ongoʻi mālohi ʻa Filipe ke ne foki ki hono fonua tupuʻangá ko Kouti ti ʻAivolí ke vahevahe ʻa e ongoongolelei kuo toe fakafoki maí. Naʻe manatu ʻa Filipe ʻo pehē, “Ko ia ʻi he 1986, hili ha ngaahi lotu mo e ʻaukai fakataha mo hoku uaifí, ne u fakakaukau ke foki ki he Kouti ʻAivolí ke foaki ʻa e meʻa naʻá ku maʻú, ke toe lelei ange ai ʻa e tokolahi ʻo hoku fāmilí mo hoku kakaí.”8
Kimuʻa peá ne mavahe mei Siamané, naʻe fealeaʻaki ʻa Filipe mo e kau taki ʻo e Siasí. Neongo naʻe ʻikai ʻi ai ha ngaahi ʻiuniti ʻo e Siasí ʻi Kouti ti ʻAivolí, naʻe ʻi ai ha tokolahi ʻo e kāingalotú ne nau kau ki he Siasí ʻi he ngaahi fonua kehé. Naʻe ʻoange ki he fāmili ʻAsatí ha lisi ʻo ʻenau ngaahi hingoá pea ʻi he taʻu hoko maí ne nau faitohi kiate kinautolu takitaha. Ne māmālie pē hono toe fakamāfanaʻi ʻe he fāmili ʻAsatí ʻa e tuí ʻi he niʻihi kehé pea naʻe fakangofua ke nau kamata fakahoko e ngaahi houalotu he Sāpaté ʻi honau ʻapí. Naʻe hoko atu ai mo e ngaahi uōtí mo e ngaahi koló, pea ʻi he 1997 naʻe fokotuʻu ʻa e fuofua siteiki ʻi Kouti ti ʻAivolí.