“Ko Hono Fakapapauʻi ʻOku ʻi ai Haʻaku Pisinisi ʻOku Tupú,” Ko Hono Kamata mo Hono Fakatupulaki ʻEku Pisinisí ke Moʻui Fakafalala pē Kiate Aú (2017)
“Ko Hono Fakapapauʻi ʻOku ʻi ai Haʻaku Pisinisi ʻOku Tupú”
Ako
Taimi Lōloa Tahá: Miniti ʻe 70
1. Te u Fie Mau Nai ʻa e Pisinisí Ni?
Mamataʻi:
“Would I Want This Business?” ʻoku maʻu ʻi he srs.lds.org/videos. (ʻIkai ha vitiō? Lau e fakamatala ʻi he fakaʻosinga ʻo e konga ko ʻení.)
Aleaʻi:
Te ke fie maʻu ʻa e pisinisi ko ʻení? Ko e hā hono ʻuhinga?
2. Ko Hono Fakaleleiʻi ʻEku Palani Pisinisi Fakatāutahá
Lau:
ʻOku totonu ke ke ngāue ʻi he ʻaho takitaha ke fakaleleiʻi hoʻo pisinisí. Vakaiʻi maʻu pē ia pea vahevahe hoʻo fakalakalaká mo e ngaahi palopalemá mo e kulupú.
3. Ko e Mahino ʻo e Ngaahi Fakamole Kehekehé pea mo e Ngaahi Fakamole Tuʻu Maʻú
Lau:
“ʻIloʻi Hoʻo Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Tokoní; Tokangaʻi Hoʻo Ngaahi Fakamolé” (vakai ki he fakamatala ʻi he ngataʻanga ʻo e konga ko ʻení)
Aleaʻi:
Ko e hā ha ngaahi tefitoʻi moʻoni fakapisinisi naʻá ke ako ʻi he aleaʻi ko ʻeni ʻo e pisinisi ngaahi sū ʻa ʻAnitonioó?
Lau:
ʻOku ʻi ai ha tefitoʻi fakamole ʻe ua ʻi hono fakalele ha pisinisi: ngaahi fakamole kehekehé mo e ngaahi fakamole tuʻu paú.
Ngaahi Fakamole Kehekehe: ʻE kehekehe ʻa e fakamole ʻo ha ngaahi maʻuʻanga tokoni ʻe niʻihi ʻo fakatatau mo e lahi ʻoku ngaohi mo fakatatau atu ʻe ha pisinisi. ʻOku faʻa ui ʻa e ngaahi maʻuʻanga tokoni ko ʻení ko e totongi ʻo e koloa ʻoku fakataú. ʻOku toe ui foki kinautolu ko e ngaahi fakamole kehekehe, ʻa ia ko e foʻi lea ia te tau ngāue ʻaki he kulupu ko ʻení. ʻOku kau ʻi he sīpinga anga maheni ko ʻení ha ngaahi fakamole kehekehe ʻo kau ai e ngāue ʻoku fie maʻu ki hano fakatau pe fakahoko ha ngāue pe faʻu ha koloa, nāunau ʻoku fie maʻu ki ha ngāue pe koloa, mo hono fakafolaú.
Ngaahi Fakamole Tuʻu Maʻú: ʻE tuʻu maʻu e mahuʻinga ʻo e ngaahi maʻuʻanga tokoni ʻe niʻihi ʻo tatau ai pē pe ko e hā hano lahi ʻoku ngaohi mo fakatau atu ʻe ha pisinisi. ʻOku ui ia ko e ngaahi fakamole tuʻu maʻu. Ko ha sīpinga ʻe niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi fakamole tuʻu maʻú ʻoku kau ai e totongi nofo, totongi nō, vahe, ʻuhila mo e vai, pea mo e maluʻi. ʻOku totonu ke faʻa fakakaukau mo tokanga ʻa e kau maʻu pisinisí ʻi hono fakakau mai ha ngaahi fakamole tuʻu maʻu foʻou.
Ko e tukuhaú ia ko ha fakamole makehe ʻoku tuʻutuʻuni ʻe he puleʻangá pe ngaahi kautahá. ʻI hoʻo hoko ko e taha maʻu pisinisí, ʻoku fie maʻu ke ke fakatotoloʻi mo mahino kiate koe ho ngaahi fatongia fakatukuhaú pea mo haʻisia kiate kinautolu ʻi he taimi ʻoku fakakaukauʻi ai e tuʻunga tupu ho faingamālie fakapisinisí.
ʻAlu ki he Palani Pisinisi Fakatāutaha ʻa Maʻake Peilí (ʻi he Fakalahí) ke sio ki he ngaahi maʻuʻanga tokoni naʻá ne fie maʻu ki heʻene pisinisí.
4. Ko e Mahino ʻo e Tuʻunga Tupu Fakakātoá mo e Tuʻunga Tupu Totonú
Lau:
Ko e tupú ko ha paʻanga ʻoku tauhi ʻe ha pisinisi hili hono toʻo e ngaahi totongí (ʻoku faʻa ui ko e fakamole) mei he paʻanga he fakataú. ʻOku fikaʻi peheni ia:
ʻOku ʻi ai ha faʻahinga ʻe ua ʻo e tupú: tupu fakakātoa (gross profit) mo e tupu totonu (net profit). ʻOku fikaʻi peheni ʻa e tupu fakakātoá:
ʻOku fikaʻi peheni e tupu totonú:
ʻOku ʻikai feʻunga ʻa e ʻiloʻi pē ʻo e tupu fakakātoa mo e tupu totonu hoʻo pisinisí. Ke ke ʻiloʻi pe ʻoku lele lelei hoʻo pisinisí, ʻe toe fie maʻu ke ke ʻilo e tuʻunga tupú (profit margin). Ko e tuʻunga tupú ko ha peseti ia te ke lava ʻo fikaʻi ʻo fakaʻaongaʻi ai ha fika faingofua. ʻE talaatu ʻe he pesetí ʻa e tuʻunga tupu hoʻo pisinisí.
Ko e tuʻunga tupu fakakātoá ko e peseti ia ʻo e paʻanga ʻoku tauhi ʻe he pisinisí hili hono toʻo e ngaahi fakamole kehekehé mei he paʻanga he fakataú. Fikaʻi peheni ia:
ʻOku mahuʻinga ʻe tuʻunga tupu fakakātoá koeʻuhí he ʻe lava ʻo tokoni ke ke fakafuofuaʻi hoʻo pisinisí pe ʻoku tuʻu ke tupu.
Lau:
Ko e tuʻunga tupu totonú ko ha pēseti ia ʻo e paʻangá ʻoku tauhi ʻi he hili hono toʻo e ngaahi fakamole kehekehé MO E ngaahi fakamole tuʻu maʻú mei he paʻanga ʻo e fakataú. Te ke fikaʻi peheni ia:
ʻOku mahuʻinga ʻa e tuʻunga tupu totonú koeʻuhí he ʻokú ne talaatu ʻa e peseti ʻo e paʻanga ʻe lava ke toe ʻinivesi ʻi he pisinisí pe fakafoki atu kiate koe ko e taha maʻu pisinisí.
Lau:
Ko e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi pisinisi leleí ʻoku ʻi ai ʻenau tuʻunga tupu fakakātoa ʻoku meimei peseti ʻe 50 pe lahi ange mo ha tuʻunga tupu totonu ʻoku meimei peseti ʻe 10 pe lahi ange. ʻOku nau toe ngāue foki ʻi ha māketi ʻoku lahi ange ai e fiemaʻu ʻa e kasitomaá mo ha faingamālie ke tupulaki ʻenau pisinisí.
5. Fakamāʻopoʻopo ki he Mahuʻinga Hoku Taimí
Lau:
ʻOku tokolahi ha kau maʻu pisinisi ʻoku ʻikai fakamāʻopoʻopo lelei e mahuʻinga honau taimí. Fakapapauʻi ʻoku fakamāʻopoʻopo e ngāue ʻokú ke fakahoko ki ha meʻa pe koloa. Ko e mahuʻinga ki he houá ko e mahuʻinga ia ʻokú ke fokotuʻu ʻi hoʻo taimí (pe lahi ʻokú ke totongi ki ha kakai ke tokoni atu).
Aleaʻi:
Fakakaukau ki ha taha maʻu pisinisi ʻokú ne lalanga nima ha ngaahi sipi kafu fakaʻofoʻofa. Neongo ʻoku maʻamaʻa e nāunau ki he ngaahi sipi kafú, ka ʻoku houa ʻe 60 hono lalanga e sipi kafu ʻe tahá.
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Kapau ʻe fakatau ʻe he taha maʻu pisinisí ha sipi kafu ki he 150, ko e hā e mahuʻinga ʻo e ngāue naʻe fie maʻu ki hono ngaohi ʻo e sipí? (150 ÷ houa ʻe 60 = 2.50 ki he houa)
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Ko hono fakaʻaongaʻi lelei taha nai ʻeni ʻo e taimí ʻe he taha maʻu pisinisí, neongo ʻe ʻi ai ha ngaahi faingamālie kehe ʻe maʻu?
6. Mahuʻinga ki Heʻeku Ngāué pe Koloá
Lau:
Kuo pau ke feʻunga hoʻo mahuʻingá ke kau ai e fakamole ʻokú ke faí pea mo e tupu ʻokú ke fie maʻú, ka ʻoku ʻikai ko ia ʻoku nau puleʻí. Te ke lava ʻo fokotuʻu hoʻo mahuʻingá ʻo fakatatau mo e meʻa ʻokú ke pehē ʻe totongi ʻe he kasitomaá ki hoʻo ngāué pe koloá. Neongo ia, ko e mahuʻinga te ke ʻai ki aí, ʻoku angamaheni ke kaunga ki ai ʻa e kau feʻauhí pea mo e tuʻunga lelei ʻo hoʻo ngāué pe koloá.
ʻOku totonu ke ke ngāue ke hiki hake e tuʻunga leleí pe ke fakatokangaʻi e makehe hoʻo ngāué pe koloá. Te ke malava heni ke hili ha mahuʻinga māʻolunga ange ʻi ho kaungā feʻauhí.
Kapau he ʻikai ke lava ʻe he mahuʻinga ʻoku fie totongi ʻe hoʻo kau kasitomaá, ke ʻai hoʻo pisinisí ke tupu feʻunga, ʻoku totonu leva ke ke fakakaukauʻi ha ngaahi founga te ke lava ai ʻo holoki hoʻo mahu’ingá. Ko ha niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi founga ko ʻení ʻoku kau ai ʻa e (1) fakatau lahi ʻi ha mahuʻinga ʻoku maʻamaʻá mo (2) ngāueʻaki ha kau fakatau tokolahi mai ke maʻu ha mahuʻinga ʻoku lelei ange. Kapau ʻoku ʻikai ke ke lava ʻo holoki hoʻo mahuʻingá, mahalo naʻa fie maʻu ke ke fili ha faingamālie fakapisinisi kehe.
7. ʻOku Ou Maʻu Nai ha Pisinisi ʻOku Tupu (Profit)?
Lau:
Mahalo naʻá ke fili ha faingamālie pisinisi ʻoku lelei e tupu ‘e maʻú pea ngali ʻe tupulaki. Ka, kapau naʻá ke fili ha faingamālie pisinisi he ʻikai maʻu ai ha tupu pe ʻikai ke ne ʻomi ha tupu feʻunga ke ʻaonga ho taimí, loto fiemālie ke fakakaukauʻi ha ngaahi faingamālie kehe.
ʻIkai ngata aí, ʻoku lava nai ʻe he faingamālie fakapisinisi ko ʻení ʻo ʻai ke ke moʻui fakafalala pē kiate koe? ʻOkú ne tokonaki nai maʻau mo ho fāmilí mo fakaʻatā ke mou tokoni ki ha niʻihi kehe? Kapau ʻoku ʻikai, loto fiemālie ke fakakaukauʻi ha ngaahi faingamālie kehe. Vakai ki he ngaahi fakamatala ʻi he vahe 2 ke fakakaukauʻi ha ngaahi fiemaʻu kehe ʻa e kasitomaá naʻe ʻikai feau ʻoku fenāpasi mo e meʻa ʻokú ke manako aí pea mo hoʻo malava ke fakahoko ha feʻauhi leleí.