Iriburiro

Inyigisho n’Ibihango ni icyegeranyo cy’ibyahishuwe n’Imana n’amatangazo yahumetswe yatanzwe kubw’ugushyirwaho n’ugutunganywa kw’ubwami bw’Imana ku isi mu minsi ya nyuma. Nubwo ibyinshi mu bice bigenewe abanyamuryango b’Itorero rya Yesu Kristo ry’Abera b’Iminsi ya Nyuma, ubutumwa, imiburo, n’ugushishikaza birimo kubw’inyungu z’inyokomuntu yose kandi birimo ubutumire ku bantu bose b’ahantu hose kugira ngo bumve ijwi rya Nyagasani Yesu Kristo, ubabwira kubw’imibereho myiza yabo yo ku isi n’agakiza k’iteka ryose.

Ibyinshi mu mahishurwa muri iri kusanywa yanyujijwe kuri Joseph Smith Muto, umuhanuzi wa mbere n’umuyobozi w’Itorero rya Yesu Kristo ry’Abera b’Iminsi ya Nyuma. Andi yatanzwe anyujijwe kuri bamwe mu bamusimbuye mu Buyobozi (reba umutwe w’I&I 135, 136, na 138, n’ Amatangazo y’Ubuyobozi ya 1 na 2).

Igitabo cy’Inyigisho n’Ibihango ni kimwe mu bitabo byemewe by’Itorero hamwe na Bibiliya Yera, Igitabo cya Morumoni, n’Isimbi ry’Agaciro Gakomeye. Ariko, Inyigisho n’Ibihango ni igitabo cyihariye kuko atari inyandiko ya kera yasemuwe, ahubwo ifite inkomoko ya vuba kandi yatanzwe n’Imana inyujijwe mu bahanuzi Bayo batoranyijwe kubw’igarurwa ry’umurimo wayo mutagatifu n’ishingwa ry’ubwami bw’Imana ku isi muri iyi minsi. Mu mahishurwa, wumva ijwi ryorohereye ariko rihamye rya Nyagasani Yesu Kristo, avuga bushya mu gusohora kw’igihe; kandi umurimo watangijwe hano urategura Ukuza kwa Kabiri Kwe, byujuje kandi bihuje n’amagambo y’abahanuzi bose batagatifu uhereye isi yatangira.

Joseph Smith Muto yavutse kuwa 23 Ukuboza 1805, i Sharon, mu gace ka Windsor, Vermont. Mu bwana bwe, yajyanye n’umuryango we ahazwi ubu nka Manchester, muri New York y’iburengerazuba. Ni mu gihe yabaga aho, mu muhindo wa 1820, ubwo yari afite imyaka cumi n’ine, yabonye iyerekwa rye rwa mbere, aho yagenderewe imbonankubone n’Imana, Data Uhoraho, n’Umwana We Yesu Kristo. Yabwiwe muri iri yerekwa ko Itorero ry’ukuri rya Yesu Kristo ryari ryarashinzwe mu bihe by’Isezerano Rishya, kandi ryari ryaratanze ubwuzure bw’inkuru nziza, ritari rikiriho ku isi. Ukundi kwiyerekana kw’Imana kwakurikiyeho yigishijwemo n’abamarayika benshi, yeretswe ko Imana yari imufitiye umurimo udasanzwe wo gukora, ku isi kandi ko binyujijwe muri we Itorero rya Yesu Kristo rizagarurwa ku isi.

Nyuma y’igihe gito, Joseph Smith yahawe ubushobozi bw’Imana kugira ngo asemure kandi atangaze Igitabo cya Morumoni. Hagati aho we na Oliver Cowdery bimitswe ku Butambyi bwa Aroni na Yohana Umubatiza muri Gicurasi 1829 (reba I&I 13, kandi nyuma gato bimitswe na none ku Butambyi bwa Melikisedeki n’intumwa za kera Petero, Yakobo, na Yohani (reba I&I 27:12). Andi mayimikwa yakurikiyeho aho imfunguzo z’ubutambyi zatanzwe na Mose, Eliya, Eliyasi, n’abahanuzi benshi ba kera I&I 110, 128:18, 21. Aya mayimikwa yari, mu by’ukuri, igarurwa ry’ubushobozi bw’Imana ku muntu ku isi. Kuwa 6 Mata 1830, ayobowe n’ijuru, Umuhanuzi Joseph Smith yatangije Itorero, maze bityo Itorero ry’ukuri rya Yesu Kristo ryongera na none gukora nk’urwego mu bantu, rufite ubushobozi bwo kwigisha inkuru nziza no gukora imigenzo y’agakiza. (Reba I&I 20 n’Isimbi ry’Agaciro Gakomeye, Joseph Smith—Amateka 1.)

Aya mahishurwa matagatifu yakirwaga ari igisubizo ku isengesho, mu bihe yabaga akenewe, kandi yavaga mu bihe by’ubuzima bisanzwe byabaye ku bantu basanzwe. Umuhanuzi na bagenzi be bashakishije inama z’Imana, kandi aya mahishurwa yemeza ko bazibonye. Muri aya mahishurwa, ubonamo ukugarurwa n’ukumenyekana kw’inkuru nziza ya Yesu Kristo n’intangiriro y’isohozwa ry’ibihe. Urugendo rw’Itorero ryerekeza iburengerazuba rituruka New York na Pennsylvania bagana Ohio, Missouri, Illinois, nuko hanyuma bakagera muri Kibaya kigari cy’Amerika y’iburengerazuba n’umuhate w’Abera mu kugerageza kubaka Siyoni ku isi mu bihe bya vuba nabyo byerekanywe muri aya mahishurwa.

Ibyinshi mu bice byabanje bireba ibintu byerekeranye n’ubusemuzi n’itangazwa ry’Igitabo cya Morumoni (reba ibice 3, 5, 10, 17, na 19). Ibindi bice bimwe by’inyuma byerekana umurimo w’Umuhanuzi Joseph Smith mu gihe yakoraga ubusemuzi buhumetswe bwa Bibiliya, aho ibyinshi mu bice bikomeye by’inyigisho byamuhawe (reba, nk’urugero, ibice 37, 45, 73, 76, 77, 86, 91, na 132, buri kimwe muri byo gifite isano itaziguye n’ubusemuzi bwa Bibiliya)

Mu mahishurwa, inyigisho z’inkuru nziza zitangwa hamwe n’ibisobanuro byerekeye ibibazo shingiro nk’imiterere y’Ubumana, inkomoko y’umuntu, ukubaho kwa Satani, impamvu y’ugupfa, ugukenerwa k’ukumvira n’ukwihana, imikorere ya Roho Mutagatifu, imigenzo n’imitunganyirize bishamikira ku gakiza, ahazaza h’isi, imibereho ya muntu izabaho nyuma y’Umuzuko n’Urubanza, akaramata k’isano ry’ugushyingirwa, na kamere izira iherezo y’umuryango. Kandi na none, ugushyirwa ahagaragara buhoro buhoro kw’imiterere nyobozi y’Itorero kugaragazwa n’ihamagarwa ry’abayobozi ba paruwasi, Ubuyobozi bwa Mbere, Inama y’aba Cumi na Babiri, n’aba Mirongo Irindwi hamwe n’ishyirwaho ry’ibyiciro biyobora n’amahuriro. Mu kurangiza, ubuhamya butangwa bwa Yesu Kristo—ubumana Bwe, ubuhangange Bwe, ubutungane Bwe, urukundo Rwe, n’ububasha bucungura Bwe—bituma iki gitabo kiba icy’agaciro gakomeye ku muryango wa muntu kandi “kikabera Itorero ubutunzi bw’Isi yose” (reba umutwe wa I&I 70).

Amahishurwa yanditswe bwa mbere n’abanditsi ba Joseph Smith, kandi abanyamuryango b’Itorero bigabanyije bishimye kopi zandikishijwe intoki hagati yabo. Kugira ngo bakore inyandiko yarushaho kubaho igihe kirekire, abanditsi nyuma bandukuriye aya mahishurwa mu bitabo mbikanyandiko, aribyo abayobozi b’Itorero bakoresheje bategurira amahishurwa gucapwa. Joseph n’Abera bo mu bihe bya mbere bafataga amahishurwa nk’uko bafataga Itorero: ariho, ahinduka, kandi ashobora kunozwa n’ihishurwa ry’inyongera. Bemeye kandi ko amakosa atagambiriwe yari yarabayeho muri icyo gikorwa cyo kwandukura amahishurwa no kuyategurira gutangazwa. Bityo, abari mu giterane cy’Itorero basabye Joseph Smith mu 1831 “gukosora aho yibeshye cyangwa amakosa yashobora kuvumbura kubwa Roho Mutagatifu.”

Nyuma y’uko amahishurwa yari amaze gusubirwamo no gukosorwa, abanyamuryango b’Itorero muri Missouri batangiye gucapa igitabo kiswe A Book of Commandments for the Government of the Church of Christ, cyari gikubiyemo amahishurwa menshi ya mbere y’Umuhanuzi. Igerageza rya mbere ryo gutangaza amahishurwa ryarangiye, nyamara, ubwo igitero cyarimburaga icapiro ry’Abera mu Karere ka Jackson kuri 20 Nyakanga, 1833.

Akimara kumva iby’ukurimburwa kw’icapiro rya Missouri, Joseph Smith n’abandi bayobozi b’Itorero batangiye imyiteguro yo gutangaza amahishurwa muri Kirtland, Ohio. Kugira ngo yongere akosore amakosa, asobanure imvugo, kandi ashyire mu gaciro iterambere ry’inyigisho n’imiyoborere y’Itorero, Joseph Smith yagenzuye ishyirwa mu nyandiko ry’amahishurwa amwe kugira ngo bayategurire gutangazwa mu 1835 nk’ Doctrine and Covenants of the Church of the Latter Day Saints. Joseph Smith yatanze uburenganzira bw’irindi shyirwa mu nyandiko ry’Inyigisho n’Ibihango, yari yaratangajwe mu mezi gusa nyuma y’ihorwa ukwizera ry’Umuhanuzi muri 1844.

Abera b’iminsi ya Nyuma ba mbere bahaye agaciro amahishurwa kandi bayabona nk’ubutumwa buturutse ku Mana. Mu gihe kimwe mu mpera ya 1831, abakuru benshi b’Itorero batanze ubuhamya bushize amanga ko Nyagasani yari yaremeje roho zabo iby’ukuri kw’amahishurwa. Ubu buhamya bwatangajwe mu ishyirwa mu nyandiko ry’Inyigisho n’Ibihango ryo muri 1835 nk’ubuhamya bwanditse bw’Intumwa Cumi n’Ebyiri.

Ubuhamya bw’
Intumwa Cumi n’Ebyiri ku kuri kw’
Igitabo cy’Inyigisho n’Ibihango

Ubuhamya bw’Abahamya ku Gitabo cy’Amategeko ya Nyagasani, ariyo mategeko yahaye Itorero Rye binyujijwe kuri Joseph Smith, Muto, wari watowe n’ijwi ry’Itorero kubw’iyi mpamvu:

Twebwe, kubera iyo mpamvu, twifuje guha ubuhamya isi yose y’inyokomuntu, buri kiremwa ku isi, ko Nyagasani yahaye ubuhamya roho zacu, binyujijwe kuri Roho Mutagatifu yasutswe kuri twe, ko aya mategeko yatanzwe kubw’uguhumekwaho n’Imana, kandi ari ingirakamaro ku bantu bose kandi mu by’ukuri ari nyabyo.

Turatanga ubu buhamya ku isi, Nyagasani atubereye umufasha, kandi binyujijwe ku nema y’Imana Data, n’Umwana We, Yesu Kristo, ko twagiriwe ihirwe ridasanzwe ryo gutanga ubu buhamya ku isi, bikaba bitunejeje bihebuje; igihe cyose dusenga Nyagasani ngo abana b’abantu bashobore kubibonamo inyungu.

Amazina y’Aba Cumi na Babiri bari:

• Thomas B. Marsh

• David W. Patten

• Brigham Young

• Heber C. Kimball

• Orson Hyde

• William E. McLellin

• Parley P. Pratt

• Luke S. Johnson

• William Smith

• Orson Pratt

• John F. Boynton

• Lyman E. Johnson

Mu myandikire yakurikiyeho y’Inyigisho n’Ibihango, amahishurwa y’inyongera cyangwa ibindi bintu byari byaranditswe byongerewemo, nk’uko byakiriwe kandi nk’uko byemewe n’amateraniro cyangwa ibiterane by’Itorero. Imyandikire yo mu 1876, yateguwe n’Umukuru Orson Pratt ayobowe na Brigham Young, yakurikiranyije amahishurwa mu rutonde nkurikiranyabihe kandi atanga indi mitwe n’amariburiro ku mateka.

Utangiriye ku nyandiko yo muri 1835, urukurikirane rw’amasomo y’iby’Imana narwo rwashyizwemo; aya yitwaga Lectures on Faith. Aya yari yarateguriwe gukoreshwa mu Ishuri ry’Abahanuzi muri Kirtland, Ohio, uhereye 1834 kugeza 1835. Nubwo harimo inyungu kubw’inyigisho n’ibwiriza, aya masomo yavanywe mu Nyigisho n’Ibihango uhereye mu nyandiko yo muri 1921 kubera ko atari yaratanzwe kandi atarerekanywe nk’amahishurwa ku Itorero uko ryakabaye.

Mu nyandiko y’Icyongereza yo muri 1981 y’Inyigisho n’Ibihango, inyandiko eshatu zashyizwemo ku nshuro ya mbere. Izi ni ibice bya 137 na 138, bisobanura amahame y’agakiza ku bapfuye, n’Itangazo ry’Ubuyobozi rya 2 ritangaza ko abanyamuryango b’abagabo bakwiriye b’Itorero bashobora kwimikwa ku butambyi hatitaweho ubwoko cyangwa ibara.

Buri nyandiko nshya y’Inyigisho n’Ibihango yakosoye amakosa ya kera kandi yongeraho amakuru mashya, by’umwihariko mu duce tw’amateka y’imitwe y’ibice. Inyandiko iriho ubu itunganya amatariki n’amazina y’ahantu kandi igakora ayandi makosora. Izi mpinduka zakozwe kugira ngo bitume inyigisho ijyana n’amakuru y’amateka nyayo. Ibindi bintu bidasanzwe by’iyi nyandiko ya nyuma ikubiyemo amakarita asubiwemo yerekana ibice bikomeye aho amahishurwa yatangiwe, hiyongeyeho amafoto atunganyije y’ahantu ndangamateka y’Itorero, amashakiro, imitwe y’ibice, n’incamake z’impamvu, byinshi muri byo bikaba biteganyirijwe gufasha abasomyi gusobanukirwa no kwishimira ubutumwa bwa Nyagasani nk’uko bwatanzwe mu Nyigisho n’Ibihango, Amakuru yerekeye imitwe y’ibice yavanywe mu Nyandiko y’Intoki y’Amateka y’Itorero kandi yatangajwe nka History of the Church (muri rusange izwi mu mitwe nk’amateka ya Joseph Smith) n’ Joseph Smith Papers.