“Ko ʻEku Ongoongoleleí ʻEni”—“Ko Hoku Siasí ʻEni”
Ko e ongoongolelei ʻeni ʻo e Fakamoʻuí, pea ko Hono Siasí ʻeni (vakai, 3 Nīfai 27:21; Mōsaia 26:22; 27:13). Ka ʻi hono fakatahaʻi ʻo e ongo meʻá ʻokú na mālohi mo liliu moʻui.
ʻI ha ngaahi senituli lahi, naʻe hoko ʻa e pauta ʻuliʻuli (black powder) ki he meʻafaná ko e meʻa fakaʻauha mālohi taha ia naʻe maʻú. Naʻe lava ke ne fanaʻi ʻa e ngaahi foʻi mahafu lalahí mei he meʻafana fakafonuá, ka naʻe ʻikai ngāue lelei ia ʻi he ngaahi ngāue keli koloá mo e ngaahi ngāue ngaohi hala puleʻangá. Naʻe fuʻu vaivai ia ke ne fahi ʻa e maká.
ʻI he 1846, naʻe ngaohi ai ʻe ha tangata huʻi kemikale ʻĪtali ko ʻAsikanio Sōpolelo ha meʻa fakaʻauha mālohi naʻe ʻiloa ko e naitulōkiliseliní (nitroglycerin). Naʻe liunga lauafe ʻa e mālohi ʻo e lolo ko ʻení ʻi he pauta ʻuliʻulí. Naʻe faingofua ke ne fahi ʻa e maká. Meʻapangó, naʻe taʻepau ʻa e naitulōkiliseliní. Kapau ʻe tō ia ʻi ha feituʻu maʻulalo pē, ʻe pā. Kapau ʻe fuʻu vela, ʻe pā. Kapau ʻe fuʻu momoko, ʻe pā ia. Naʻa mo hano tuku ʻi ha feituʻu mokomoko, fakapōpōʻuli pea ʻikai ala ki aí, ʻe fakaʻau pē ʻo pā. Naʻe taʻofi ʻe ha ngaahi fonua lahi hono feʻaveʻakí, pea taʻofi ʻe ha ngaahi fonua lahi hono ngaohí.
ʻI he 1860, naʻe kamata feinga ai ha tangata saienisi Suēteni ko ʻAlifeleti Nōpele ke fakaleleiʻi ʻa e ngāue ʻa e naitulōkiliseliní. Hili ha taʻu ʻe fitu ʻo ʻene ngāue fakasaienisi (experiment) ki aí, naʻá ne aʻusia ʻene taumuʻá ʻaki hono lingi ʻa e naitulōkiliseliní ke mimisi ʻe ha maka naʻe ʻikai hano mahuʻinga naʻe ʻiloa ko e taiatumeisesi ʻēfí (diatomaceous earth) pe ko e kīsolokoá (kieselguhr). Ko e kīsolokoá ko ha maka avaava ia ʻe lava ke momosi ki ha efuefu. ʻI hono huʻi mo e naitulōkiliseliní, ʻoku mimisi ʻe he kīsolokoá ʻa e naitulōkiliseliní pea ʻe lava ʻo fakafuo ʻa e huhuʻa fatu ko iá ki ha “ngaahi foʻi vaʻakau.” ʻI he faʻunga ko ʻení, naʻe ngāue lelei ange ai ʻa e naitulōkiliseliní. ʻE lava ke malu hono tauhí mo hono feʻaveʻakí, pea fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo ʻikai hōloa hono mālohí. Naʻe fakahingoa ʻe Nōpele ʻa hono fakatahaʻi ʻo e naitulōkiliseliní mo e kīsolokoá ko e “tainamaiti (dynamite).”
Naʻe liliu ʻe he tainamaití ʻa e māmaní. Naʻe hoko foki ia ke tuʻumālie ai ʻa Nōpele. Naʻe mātuʻaki fakatuʻutāmaki ʻaupito ʻa e naitulōkiliseliní ke ʻi ai hano mahuʻinga, kapau naʻe ʻikai ha kemikale ke taʻotaʻofi ʻaki hono mālohí ʻo fakatatau mo e ʻilo naʻe maʻu ʻe ʻAsikanio Sōpoleló. Naʻe ʻikai fuʻu mahuʻinga ʻa e kīsolokoá ʻiate ia pē, ʻo hangē ko ʻeku fakamatalá. Ka ʻi hono fakatahaʻi ʻo e ongo meʻá, naʻá na ʻai ʻa e tainamaití ke makehe mo mahuʻinga.
ʻI ha founga tatau, ʻi hono fakatahaʻi ʻo e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí mo e Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní, ʻoku maʻu ai ha ngaahi lelei mālohi mo liliu moʻui. ʻOku haohaoa ʻa e ongoongoleleí, ka ʻoku fiemaʻu ha siasi kuo fakamafaiʻi fakalangi ke ne talaki, tauhi hono tuʻunga haohaoá, pea fakahoko hono ngaahi ouau toputapú ʻaki ʻa e mālohi mo e mafai ʻo e Fakamoʻuí.
Fakakaukau ki hono fakatahaʻi ʻo e ongoongolelei ʻo e Fakamoʻuí mo Hono Siasí ʻo hangē ko hono fakahoko ʻe he palōfita ʻo e Tohi ʻa Molomona ko ʻAlamaá. Naʻe fatongia ʻaki ʻe he Siasí ʻa hono malangaʻi “ha meʻa ka ko e fakatomala mo e tui ki he ʻEikí, ʻa ia [te ne huhuʻi] ʻa hono kakaí.” ʻI hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e mafai ʻo e ʻOtuá, naʻe fatongia ʻaki ʻe he Siasí ʻa hono fakahoko ʻo e ouau ʻo e papitaisó “ʻi he huafa ʻo e ʻEikí, ko [ha] fakamoʻoni [ʻo e hū ki] ha fuakava mo ia … [ke] tauhi kiate ia mo tauhi ʻene ngaahi fekaú.” Ko e kakai naʻe papitaisó naʻa nau toʻo kiate kinautolu ʻa e huafa ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí, kau ki Hono Siasí, pea naʻe talaʻofa ange ha mālohi lahi ʻo fakafou ʻi hono lilingi hifo ʻo e Laumālié.
Naʻe ʻaukolo ʻa e kakaí ki he Vai ʻo Molomoná ke fanongo ki hono malangaʻi ʻe ʻAlamā ʻa e ongoongoleleí. Neongo naʻa nau fakaʻapaʻapaʻi ʻa e ngaahi vai ko iá mo hono vao ʻakau takaí, ka ko e Siasi ʻo e ʻEikí naʻe ʻikai ko ha feituʻu ia pe ko ha fale, ʻoku kei pehē pē ʻi he ʻahó ni. Ko e Siasí ko ha kakai angamaheni pē, ko ha kau ākonga ʻa Sīsū Kalaisi, ʻoku nau kau fakataha mo fokotuʻutuʻu ki ha ngaahi tuʻunga naʻe fokotuʻu fakalangi ʻa ia ʻoku tokoni ki he ʻEikí ke aʻusia ʻEne ngaahi taumuʻá. ʻOku hoko ʻa e Siasí ko e meʻangāue ʻoku tau ako ai ʻa e fatongia tefito ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí ʻi he palani ʻa e Tamai Hēvaní. ʻOku ʻoatu ʻe he Siasí ʻa e founga fakamafai ki he niʻihi fakafoʻituituí ke kau ʻi he ngaahi ouaú pea fai ha ngaahi fuakava ʻoku tuʻuloá mo e ʻOtuá. ʻOku hanga ʻe hono tauhi ʻo e ngaahi fuakava ko iá ʻo ʻai ke tau toe ofi ange ki he ʻOtuá, tau malava ʻo maʻu Hono mālohí, pea liliu kitautolu ke aʻusia ʻa e tuʻunga ʻokú Ne finangalo ki aí.
Hangē ko e ʻikai ha mahuʻinga ʻo e tainamaití ka ʻikai fakakau ai ha naitulōkiliseliní, ʻoku pehē pē mo e toki makehe ʻa e Siasi ʻo e Fakamoʻuí kapau ʻoku langa ʻi Heʻene ongoongoleleí. Ka ne taʻeʻoua ʻa e ongoongolelei ʻo e Fakamoʻuí mo e mafai ke fakahoko ʻa hono ngaahi ouaú, he ʻikai makehe ʻa e Siasí.
Ka ne taʻeʻoua ʻa e mālohi taʻotaʻofi ʻo e kīsolokoá, ʻe ʻikai fuʻu mahuʻinga ʻa e naitulōkiliseliní ko ha meʻa fakaʻauha mālohi. Hangē ko e hisitōliá, ka ne taʻeʻoua ʻa e Siasi ʻo e ʻEikí, naʻe taʻepau pehē pē mo e mahino ʻe maʻu ʻe he faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ki Heʻene ongoongoleleí—te nau fakahehema ki he ngaahi liliu ʻo e tokāteliné pea moʻulaloa ki he tākiekina ʻo e ngaahi tui fakalotú, anga fakafonuá, mo e founga fakakaukau kehekehé. Kuo fakahaaʻi hono fakatahaʻi ʻo e ngaahi tākiekina ko iá ʻi he kuonga fakakosipeli kotoa pē ʻo aʻu ki he fakamuimuitaha ko ʻení. Neongo naʻe ʻuluaki fakahā ʻa e ongoongoleleí ʻi hono tuʻunga haohaoá, naʻe faifai pea hoko hono fakaʻuhingaʻi mo hono moʻui ʻaki ʻo e ongoongolelei ko iá ki ha tuʻunga faka-ʻOtua naʻe ʻikai ha mālohi ai koeʻuhí naʻe ʻikai maʻu ʻa e fokotuʻutuʻu fakalangi kuo fakamafaiʻí.
ʻOku fakaʻatā ʻe he Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ke maʻu ʻa e mafai ʻo e ʻOtuá koeʻuhí naʻá Ne fakamafaiʻi ke fakatou akoʻi ʻa e tokāteline ʻo Kalaisí pea ke foaki atu ʻa e ngaahi ouau fakahaofi mo hakeakiʻi ʻo e ongoongoleleí. ʻOku finangalo ʻa e Fakamoʻuí ke fakamolemolea ʻetau ngaahi angahalá, tokoniʻi ke tau maʻu ʻa Hono mālohí, pea liliu kitautolu. Naʻá Ne mamahi ko ʻetau ngaahi angahalá pea finangalo ke fakahaofi kitautolu mei he tautea naʻe totonu ke tau maʻú. ʻOkú Ne finangalo ke tau hoko ʻo māʻoniʻoni pea hoko ʻo haohaoa ʻiate Ia.
‘Oku maʻu ʻe Sīsū Kalaisi ʻa e mālohi ke fakahoko ʻení. Naʻe ʻikai ke Ne fakaʻofaʻia pē ʻi heʻetau ngaahi fehalaākí pea tutulu koeʻuhi ko ʻetau malaʻia taʻengata ko ha ola ʻo e angahalá. ʻIkai, naʻe ope atu ai, ʻo toe mahulu hake, pea fakafoki mai Hono Siasí ke fakaʻatā Hono mālohí ke tau maʻu.
ʻOku pehē ʻe he uho ʻo e ongoongoleleí ʻa ia ʻoku akoʻi ʻe he Siasí, naʻe toʻo ʻe Sīsū Kalaisi kiate Ia “ʻa ʻetau ngaahi vaivaí, ʻo ne fua ʻetau ngaahi mamahí.” Kuo “hilifaki kiate Ia ʻa e … hia ʻatautolu kotoa pē.” Naʻá Ne “[kātekina] ʻa e pekia ʻi he ʻakaú,” veteki “ʻa e ngaahi haʻi ʻo e maté,” hāʻele hake … ki he langí, pea … ʻafio hifo ʻi he nima toʻomataʻu ʻo e ʻOtuá, ke ʻekea mei he Tamaí ʻa ʻene ngaahi totonu ki he ʻaloʻofá.” Naʻe fai kotoa ʻeni ʻe he Fakamoʻuí koeʻuhí ʻokú Ne ʻofa ʻi Heʻene Tamaí mo kitautolu foki. Kuó Ne ʻosi fuesia ʻa e totongi taupotu tahá koeʻuhí ka Ne “ʻekea ʻa kinautolu kotoa pē ʻoku maʻu ʻa e tui kiate Iá [mo] taukapo” maʻanautolu—maʻatautolu. ʻOku ʻikai ha meʻa ʻe toe fiemaʻu ange ʻe Sīsū Kalaisi ka ke tau fakatomala pea haʻu kiate Ia ke Ne lava ʻo fakatonuhiaʻi mo fakamāʻoniʻoniʻi kitautolu. ʻI he fiemaʻú ni, ʻokú Ne ngāue taʻetūkua mo taʻeueʻia.
ʻOku fakafou ʻi he Siasi ʻo e ʻOtuá ʻa hono maʻu Hono mālohi fakafuakavá mo ʻEne ʻofa fakafuakavá. ʻOku hanga ʻe hono fakatahaʻi ʻo e ongoongolelei ʻo e Fakamoʻuí mo Hono Siasí ʻo liliu ʻetau moʻuí. Naʻá ne liliu siʻi ongomātuʻa ʻeku faʻeé. Naʻe ngāue ʻeku kui tangata ko ʻOsikā ʻEnitasoní ʻi ha ngaohiʻanga vaka ʻi Hokimaso, ko ha motu ʻi he ʻotu motu Sitokahomí. Naʻe nofo hono uaifi ko ʻAlapetiná, mo ʻena fānaú ʻi he motu lahi ʻo Suētení. Naʻe tuʻo taha ʻi he uike ʻe ua kotoa pē, ʻi he ʻaho Tokonakí, ʻa e ʻaʻalo foki ʻa ʻOsikā ki ʻapi ʻi he fakaʻosinga ʻo e uiké kimuʻa pea foki ki Hokimaso ʻi he efiafi Sāpaté. ʻI he ʻaho ʻe taha, lolotonga ʻene ʻi Hokimasó, naʻá ne fanongo ki hano malangaʻi ʻe ha ongo faifekau ʻAmelika ʻa e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí. Naʻe ongoʻi ʻe ʻOsikā ko e meʻa naʻá ne fanongo ki aí ko ha moʻoni haohaoa ia, pea naʻá ne fonu ʻi ha fiefia naʻe ʻikai faʻa mafakamatalaʻi.
ʻI heʻene foki hoko ki ʻapí, naʻe fiefia ʻa ʻOsikā ke talanoa kia ʻAlapetina fekauʻaki mo e ongo faifekaú. Naʻá ne talaange naʻá ne tui ki he meʻa naʻá na akoʻí. Naʻá ne kole ange ke ne lau ʻa e fanga kiʻi tohi tufa naʻe ʻoange ʻe he ongo faifekaú, peá ne talaange ʻoku ʻikai tui ʻoku totonu ke papitaiso kei valevale ʻena fānau ʻi he kahaʻú. Naʻe fuʻu ʻita ʻa ʻAlapetina peá ne tolongi ʻa e fanga kiʻi tohi tufá ki he tuʻunga vevé. Naʻe ʻikai haʻana toe fuʻu talanoa kimuʻa pea foki ʻa ʻOsikā ki he ngāué ʻi he efiafi Sāpaté.
ʻI heʻene mavahé pē, naʻe toe toʻo mai ʻe ʻAlapetina ʻa e fanga kiʻi tohi tufá. Naʻá ne fakafehoanaki fakalelei honau tokāteliné mo e ngaahi akonaki ʻi heʻene Tohi Tapu naʻá ne toutou laú. Naʻá ne ofo ʻi heʻene ongoʻi naʻe moʻoni ʻa e meʻa naʻá ne laú. ʻI he foki hoko mai ʻa ʻOsikā ki ʻapí, naʻe talitali māfana ia, pehē ki he tatau ʻo e Tohi ʻa Molomona naʻá ne haʻu mo iá. Naʻe lau fiefia ia ʻe ʻAlapetina, pea toe fakafehoanaki ʻa e tokāteliné ki heʻene Tohi Tapú. Hangē ko ʻOsikaá, naʻá ne fakatokangaʻi ha moʻoni haohaoa peá ne fonu ʻi he fiefia naʻe ʻikai faʻa mafakamatalaʻi.
Naʻe hiki ʻa ʻOsikā, ʻAlapetina, mo ʻena fānaú ki Hokimaso ke ofi ki he kau mēmipa tokosiʻi ʻo e Siasí ʻi aí. Hili ha uike mei he papitaiso ʻo ʻOsikā mo ʻAlapetina ʻi he 1916, naʻe uiuiʻi ʻa ʻOsikā ko e taki fakakulupu ki he Kāingalotu ʻi Hokimasó. Hangē ko ha kau papi ului tokolahi, naʻe fehangahangai ʻa ʻOsikā mo ʻAlapetina mo e fakaangá koeʻuhí ko ʻena tui foʻoú. Naʻe ʻikai fie fakatau ʻe he kau faama fakalotofonuá kiate kinaua ʻa e huʻakaú, ko ia naʻe ʻaʻalo ʻa ʻOsikā ʻi he ʻaho kotoa ke fakatau ha huʻakau mei ha tokotaha faama angalelei ange.
Ka ʻi he lolotonga ʻo e ngaahi taʻu hoko maí, naʻe tupu tokolahi ʻa e mēmipasipi ʻi Hokimasó, naʻe kaunga ki ai ʻa e fakamoʻoni mālohi ʻa ʻAlapetiná mo ha ngāue fakafaifekau lahi. ʻI he hoko ʻa e kulupú ko ha koló, naʻe uiuiʻi ʻa ʻOsikā ko e palesiteni fakakoló.
Naʻe fakaʻapaʻapaʻi ʻe he kau mēmipa ʻo e kolo Hokimasó ʻa e motú. Naʻe hoko ʻeni ko ʻenau Vai ʻo Molomoná. Ko e feituʻu ʻeni naʻa nau ʻilo ai ʻa honau Huhuʻí.
ʻI ha ngaahi taʻu, ʻi heʻena tauhi ʻena fuakava ʻi he papitaisó, naʻe liliu ʻa ʻOsikā mo ʻAlapetina ʻe he mālohi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí. Naʻá na fakaʻamu ke fakahoko ha ngaahi fuakava lahi ange mo maʻu hona ngaahi tāpuaki ʻo e temipalé. Ke maʻu ʻa e ngaahi tāpuaki ko iá, naʻá na hikifonua ai mei hona ʻapi ʻi Suētení ki Sōleki Siti ʻi he 1949. Kuo hoko ʻa ʻOsikā ko ha taki ʻo e kāingalotu ʻi Hokimasó ʻi ha taʻu ʻe 33.
Naʻe hanga ʻe hono fakatahaʻi ʻo e naitulōkiliseliní mo e kīsolokoá ʻo ʻai ke mahuʻinga ʻa e tainamaití; ʻoku mahuʻinga lahi ʻa hono fakatahaʻi ʻo e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí mo Hono Siasí. Naʻe fanongo ʻa ʻOsikā mo ʻAlapetina fekauʻaki mo e ongoongolelei kuo fakafoki maí koeʻuhí kuo uiuiʻi, fekauʻi, mo ʻave ʻe ha palōfita ʻo e ʻOtuá ʻa e kau faifekaú ki Suēteni. Naʻe akoʻi ʻe he kau faifekaú ʻa e ongoongolelei ʻo Kalaisí ʻi ha fakamafaiʻi fakalangi, pea ʻi he mafai ʻo e lakanga fakataulaʻeikí naʻe papitaiso ai ʻa ʻOsikā mo ʻAlapetina. ʻI he hoko ʻa ʻOsikā mo ʻAlapetina ko ha mēmipá, naʻe hokohoko atu ʻena akó, tupulakí mo hono tokoniʻi ʻo e niʻihi kehé. Naʻá na hoko ko ha Kāingalotu koeʻuhí naʻá na tauhi ʻa e ngaahi fuakava naʻá na fakahokó.
ʻOku ui ʻe he Fakamoʻuí ʻa e Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ko “hoku siasí” koeʻuhí naʻá Ne fokotuʻu ia ke fakahoko ʻEne ngaahi taumuʻá—ʻa hono malanga ʻaki ʻEne ongoongoleleí, ʻoatu ʻEne ngaahi ouaú mo e fuakavá, pea malava ke fakatonuhiaʻi mo fakamāʻoniʻoniʻi ʻe Hono mālohí kitautolu. Ka ne taʻeʻoua Hono Siasí, he ʻikai ha mafai, ʻikai ha ngaahi moʻoni ʻe malangaʻi pe fakahā ʻi Hono huafá, ʻikai ha ngaahi ouau pe fuakava, ʻikai ha fakahaaʻi ʻo e mālohi faka-ʻOtuá, ʻikai ha liliu ki he tuʻunga ʻoku finangalo ʻa e ʻOtuá ke tau aʻusiá, pea hoko ʻa e palani ʻa e ʻOtuá maʻa ʻEne fānaú ko ha meʻa noa pē. ʻOku mahuʻinga ʻa e Siasí ʻi he kuonga fakakosipeli ko ʻení ki Heʻene palaní.
ʻOku ou fakaafeʻi koe ke fakatukupaaʻi lahi ange hoʻo moʻuí ki he Fakamoʻuí, ʻEne ongoongoleleí, mo Hono Siasí. ʻI hoʻo fai iá, te ke ʻiloʻi ai ʻoku hanga ʻe hono fakatahaʻi ʻo e ongoongolelei ʻo e Fakamoʻuí mo Hono Siasí ʻo ʻomi ha mālohi ki hoʻo moʻuí. ʻOku mahulu ange ʻa e mālohi ko ʻení ʻi he tainamaití. Te ne faitokonia koe ʻi ho ngaahi faingataʻaʻiá pea liliu koe ko ha ʻea-hoko ʻi he puleʻanga ʻo e ʻOtuá. Pea ʻe “fakafonu [koe] ʻaki ʻa e fiefia ko ia ʻoku ʻikai faʻa fakamatalaʻi pea … fonu ʻi he nāunaú.” ʻI he huafa ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí, ʻēmeni.