ʻOku Fakahoko ʻe he Paʻanga Tokoni Fakaako Tuʻumaʻú ʻa e Ngaahi Talaʻofa Fakakikité
ʻI he taʻu ʻe hongofulu kuo hilí, naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻe Palesiteni Kōtoni B. Hingikelī (1910–2008) ha palopalema—ʻa e ʻikai ko ia ke hao ʻa e kau ʻosi ngāue fakafaifekau tokolahi mo e kau talavou moʻui taau kehe pē ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu kei langalanga haké, mei he masivá—peá ne tuku mai ha founga: ko e Paʻanga Tokoni Fakaako Tuʻumaʻú (PTFT). Ko e PTFT ko ha sinoʻi paʻanga ʻe vilo ʻa ia ʻe fokotuʻu ʻo fakaʻaongaʻi ki ai e ngaahi foaki mei he kāingalotu mo e ngaahi kaungāmeʻa ʻo e Siasí, ʻe ʻoatu mei ai ha ngaahi nō fakaako ki he kau talavou ʻoku nau ʻamanaki ke teuteu atu ke maʻu ha ngāue totongi lelei ʻi honau tukui koló pea totongi fakafoki ʻenau ngaahi noó kae lava ke maʻu ʻe ha niʻihi kehe ʻa e ngaahi faingamālie tatau. Naʻá ne pehē ʻe fakafalala e Siasí ki ha kakai ʻe fie tokoni pea mo e ngaahi maʻuʻanga tokoni ʻoku lolotonga maʻu ʻe he Siasí kae ola lelei ʻa e polokalamá.
Ko ha Ngaahi Mana Kuo Fakahoko
ʻI he taimi naʻe tuʻu ai ʻa Palesiteni Hingikelī ʻi he tuʻunga malangá ʻi he ʻaho 31 ʻo Māʻasi 2001, ʻo ne tuku atu ki he kau maʻu lakanga fakataulaʻeiki ʻo e Siasí ʻa ʻene vīsone ki he Paʻanga Tokoni Fakaako Tuʻumaʻú, naʻe mahino ki he tokolahi kuo maʻu ʻe he palōfita ʻa e ʻEikí ha fakahinohino.
Mahalo naʻe mei hangehangē pē ka ʻikai ola leleí ʻi he fakavavevave ʻa e kau taki foʻou ʻo e PTFT ke kamata leva hono ʻoatu e ngaahi noó ʻi he faʻahitaʻu fakatōlau ʻo e 2001, ʻo hangē ko e fakahinohino ʻa Palesiteni Hingikelií. Ne ʻikai ha palani fakapisinisi ia, ʻikai ha ngaahi fokotuʻutuʻu fakaikiiki, tuku kehe pē ʻa e meʻa naʻe fakamatalaʻi ange ʻe he palōfitá ʻe hono ueʻi ia ʻe he Laumālié. Naʻe fokotuʻutuʻu e polokalamá ʻo fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e lea naʻe fai ʻe Palesiteni Hingikelī ʻi he konifelenisí ko hono mape folau. Ne laungeau e ngaahi tohi kole nō ne aʻutaki atu ki he hetikuota ʻo e Siasí, lolotonga ʻeni ʻoku kei fai pē hono ui ʻo ha kau talēkita pea kei fokotuʻutuʻu ʻa e tefitoʻi faʻunga ʻo e polokalamá.
Ka kuo ʻosi kamata hoko ha ngaahi mana ia. Lolotonga e ʻuluaki taʻú, naʻe foaki ki he polokalamá ha paʻanga ʻe laumiliona. Naʻe kamata tokoni leva ʻa e tokolahi ko ha kau taukei kinautolu ʻi honau puipuituʻá pea nau feʻunga mo e ngāue ʻa e PTFT ʻo nau hoko ko e kau talēkita ngāue tokoni. Kuo ʻosi fokotuʻutuʻu e faʻunga ia naʻe fie maʻu ke poupouʻi fakamāmānilahi ʻaki ʻa e PTFT ʻo fakafou ʻi he ngaahi polokalama ʻinisititiuti ʻa e Potungāue Ako ʻa e Siasí mo e Ngaahi Senitā Maʻuʻanga Tokoni Fakangāue ʻa e Siasí. Naʻe vave ʻene hū tonu ha meʻa pē naʻe fie maʻu, ʻo maʻu ai ʻe he polokalamá ha “makatuʻunga lelei” 1ʻo hangē ko e lipooti ʻa Palesiteni Hingikelī ʻi ʻEpeleli 2002.
Naʻe pehē ʻe Lekisi ʻĀleni, ʻa ia ʻoku lolotonga hoko ko ha talēkita ngāue tokoni ʻo e akó mo e fetuʻutakí maʻá e PTFT, “ ʻI he kuonga fuoloá, naʻe fakamafao atu ʻe Mōsese hono tokotokó ki he Tahi Kulokulá pea naʻe mavaeua ʻa e tahí. Naʻe fakahā ʻe Palesiteni Hingikelī ʻa e tui tatau ʻi heʻene folahi hono pulupulu fakapalōfitá ʻi he funga tahi fakapoʻuli ʻo e masivá peá ne kamata e PTFT.”
Naʻe toutou fakapapauʻi mai ʻe Palesiteni Hingikelī “Ko ha mana ia.”
Neongo ia, ʻi he hili ha taʻu ʻe 10, mahalo ko e toki kamata ia ke hoko e ngaahi mana maʻongoʻonga tahá.
Ko ha Ngaahi Talaʻofa Kuo Fakahoko
ʻI hono fakahā ʻe Palesiteni Hingikelī ʻa e PTFT pea ʻi haʻane ngaahi lea pē kimui ai, naʻá ne talaʻofa ʻe tafe mei he PTFT ha ngaahi tāpuaki lahi. ʻOku vave ʻaupito hono fakahoko ʻo e talaʻofa takitaha ʻi he tokolahi ange ʻa e faʻahinga kuo ʻosi mei he PTFT pea totongi fakafoki ʻenau ngaahi noó.
Faingamālié mo e Ngāue Maʻuʻanga Moʻuí
Naʻe pehē ʻe Palesiteni Hingikelī, “ ʻE tokoniʻi kinautolu [ʻoku kaú] ke nau maʻu ha ako lelei ʻa ia ʻe hiki hake ai kinautolu mei he loto-foʻi tuʻunga he masivá.”2
ʻI Fēpueli ʻo e 2011, naʻe maʻu ngāue ʻa e meimei peseti ʻe 90 ʻo kinautolu naʻe kumi ngāue hili hono fakakakato ʻenau akó. ʻOku pehē ʻe he peseti ʻe 78 ʻo kinautolu ʻoku lolotonga ngāué ko e fakalakalaka lahi moʻoni ʻenau ngāue lolotongá mei heʻenau ngāue kimuʻa pea nau akó. ʻOku liunga tolu ki he fā ʻa e lelei ange ʻa e fakaʻavalisi ʻo e paʻanga hū mai ʻanautolu naʻe kau ki he PTFT ʻi heʻenau paʻanga hū mai kimuʻa pea nau akó, ʻo ne fakafofongaʻi mai ʻe ia ha fuʻu fakalakalaka lahi ʻi he tuʻunga fakaʻekonōmiká.
Fāmilí mo e Tukui Koló
Naʻe pehē ʻe Palesiteni Hingikelī, “Te nau mali pea hoko atu ʻa ʻenau moʻuí kuo nau maʻu ha ngaahi poto fakangāue ke fakafeʻungaʻi ai kinautolu ke nau lava ʻo maʻu ha moʻui pea maʻu honau tuʻunga ʻi he sosaietí ʻa ia te nau lava ʻo fai ha tokoni ki ai.”3 ʻOku laka siʻi hake pē ʻi he vahe tolu ʻe taha ʻo kinautolu ʻoku lolotonga kau ki he PTFT kuo nau malí.
ʻOku pehē ʻe ʻEletā Sione K. Kāmeki, ko e talēkita pule ʻo e PTFT: “Ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi ola fakalotolahi taha ʻo e PTFT ʻo aʻu mai ki he taimi ní ko ʻetau mamata ki he lahi ange ʻo e ʻamanaki lelei ʻa e niʻihi kei talavoú. ʻOku fakalotolahiʻi kinautolu ʻe he ʻamanaki lelei ko ʻení ke nau mali pea hoko atu ʻenau moʻuí.”
Pea ʻi heʻenau fai iá, ʻoku hanganaki fiefia atu leva honau ngaahi fāmili kei tupu haké ki ha kahaʻu fakafiefia ange.
Siasí mo e Tuʻunga Fakatakimuʻá
Naʻe pehē ʻe Palesiteni Hingikelī, “Te nau totongi ʻenau ngaahi vahehongofulú mo e paʻanga ʻaukaí ʻi heʻenau hoko ko e kāingalotu tui faivelenga ʻo e Siasí, pea ʻe mālohi lahi ange ai ʻa e Siasí koeʻuhi ko ʻenau nofo ʻihe ngaahi feituʻu ʻoku nau nofo aí.” 4
ʻI he ngaahi feituʻu ʻe niʻihi kuo taʻu lahi hono fakalele ai ʻo e PTFT, ko e peseti ʻe 10 ki he 15 ʻo e kau taki lolotonga ʻo e Siasí ko ha niʻihi ʻoku kau ki he PTFT.
Naʻe pehē ʻe Lekisi ʻĀleni, “Kuo fakalotolahiʻi e kinautolu ʻoku kaú mo ha kau talavou kehe kenau fakaʻaongaʻi e nō ʻa e PTFT pea mavahe mei he masivá. ʻI he ʻosi mei ai ʻa e taʻu ʻe 10, ʻoku tau vakai leva ki he aʻutaki atu ʻo e siakale ʻo e ʻamanaki leleí kiate kinautolu kuo faitāpuekiná ʻoku nau vahevahe ʻa e ngaahi tāpuekí mo ha niʻihi kehe.”
Ngaahi ʻAonga ki he Moʻui ʻa ha Tokolahi
Naʻe talaʻofa ʻe Palesiteni Hingikelī, “ ʻE hoko [ʻa e PTFT] ko ha tāpuaki kiate kinautolu kotoa pē ʻe aʻu atu hono leleí ki heʻenau moʻuí—ʻa e kau talavou mo e kau finemui, pea mo honau ngaahi fāmili ʻi he kahaʻú, pea mo e Siasí ʻa ia ʻe tāpuekina lahi tuʻunga ʻi he mālohi ʻo ʻenau fua fatongia fakatakimuʻa ʻi he tuʻunga fakalotofonuá.”5
ʻOku laka hake he kakai ʻe toko 47,000 kuo nau kau ʻi he PTFT talu mei he faʻahitaʻu fakatōlau ʻo e 2001. ʻOku ʻikai lau ai ʻa e kāinga ofi ʻoku poupouʻi mo fakalotoa ʻe he kau mēmipa ʻo e fāmilí ʻoku kau ʻi he PTFT, ʻa e ngaahi uooti mo e ngaahi kolo ʻoku nau maʻu e lelei mei he kāingalotu ʻoku nau malava ha meʻa lahi ange ke tokoní, pea mo e ngaahi kautaha fakalotofonua ʻoku nau fie maʻu ha kau ngāue poto kae lava ke nau tupulakí.
Naʻe pehē ʻe Misa ʻĀleni, “Sioloto atu angé ki hono ʻaongá lolotonga haʻo fakakaukau kiate kinautolu kotoa ʻoku ʻi ai ʻenau kaunga ki aí. ʻOku aʻu atu ʻeni kiate kinautolu ʻoku nau foaki tokoni ki he PTFT—ʻa kinautolu ʻoku fai e foakí, honau ngaahi fāmilí, honau ngaahi uōtí mo e koló—ʻoku tāpuaki kotoa kinautolu ʻi heʻenau ngaahi foakí.”
Naʻe pehē ʻe ʻEletā Kāmeki, “ ʻE lava ke foaki maʻu pē ʻe he meimei tokotaha Siasi hono kotoa ha meʻa ki he sinoʻi paʻanga ko ʻení pea ki ha ngaahi ngāue mahuʻinga kehe. ʻOku tokoni e fakaafe ʻa Palesiteni Hingikelií kiate kinautolu ʻoku foaki ki he PTFT pea mo kinautolu foki ʻoku nau [fakaʻaongaʻí ke] fakaleleiʻi ʻenau moʻuí ke nau ofi ange ki hotau Fakamoʻuí.”
Ko e Hokohoko Atu ʻEne Tupulakí
Kuo fakahoko ʻa e kikite fakapalōfita ʻa Palesiteni Hingikelī fekauʻaki mo e Paʻanga Tokoni Fakaako Tuʻumaʻú pea ʻoku hokohoko atu ʻene mafola ʻa e polokalama ko ʻeni naʻe fokotuʻu ʻi he ueʻi ʻa e Laumālié ki māmani hono kotoa, pea ʻe kei hokohoko atu ai pē ʻi ha lahi ange ʻa e ngaahi foaki tokoní pea totongi mo e ngaahi noó, ʻo lava ai ke kau atu ki ai ha toʻu tangata foʻou ke nau fakalakalaka ai mo e ngaahi tuʻunga moʻui ʻoku nau ʻi aí.
Ke ʻilo lahi ange ki he Paʻanga Tokoni Fakaako Tuʻumaʻú, kātaki ʻo hū ki he pef.lds.org.
Kuo tokoniʻi ʻe he Paʻanga Tokoni Fakaako Tuʻumaʻú, ʻa ia naʻe kamata ʻi he taʻu ʻe 10 kuo hilí, ha toko 47,000 tupu ne kau ai.
Faitā ʻa Brian Wilcox