Siosefa Sāmita mo e Tohi ʻo e Fakahaá
Naʻe tokoni ʻa e Palōfita ko Siosefa Sāmitá ki hono tatala ha niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi meʻa lilo ʻoku hā ʻi he tohi Fakahaá mo fakahaaʻi ʻa ʻene ʻaonga ki hotau kuongá.
Tā fakatātaaʻi ʻo e ʻatá ʻe Christina Smith; Sione ʻi Pātimosi, fai ʻe Mark Steiner © Providence Collection
Naʻe hiki ʻa e tohi Fakahaá ʻi he senituli ʻuluakí a.d., ka ko e tohi fakamuimuitaha ia ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú naʻe tali ke hoko ko e folofola kuo fakamafaiʻí (authoritative scripture). Naʻe fehuʻia ʻe ha kau tangata Kalisitiane ʻatamaiʻia ʻi he ngaahi senituli kimui ní ʻa e tokotaha naʻá ne hikí, ʻo fakafepakiʻi e niʻihi ʻo ʻene ngaahi tokāteliné (hangē ko ʻene ngaahi akonaki ʻo kau ki he Nofo Tuʻí pe ko ʻene ngaahi akonaki ʻe fakamaauʻi e kakaí ʻo fakatatau ki heʻenau ngaahi ngāué), pea maʻu ai e ngaahi meʻa mei he fuakava motuʻá mo e ngaahi fakamatala ʻo ha ngaahi meʻa-hā-mai ʻoku ngali kehe pea faikehekehe lahi mei he ngaahi tohi Fuakava Foʻou kehé.
Ka naʻe hoko ha ngaahi moʻoniʻi meʻa taʻe-toe-fehuʻia ke toe tali fakalūkufua ai ʻa e tohí. ʻIkai ko ia pē, ne lave ʻa e tokolahi ʻo e kau Kalisitiane faʻu tohí ki he tohi Fakahaá, ko e hiki ia ʻe he ʻAposetolo ko Sioné, pea fakaʻaongaʻi tā tuʻo lahi mo fakapapauʻi ia ʻi heʻenau ngaahi tohí. Naʻe ʻi ai mo e ngaahi tohi kehe naʻe ʻikai fakafepakiʻi ʻi hono tali ke hoko ko e folofolá, ka ne ʻikai hano fakamoʻoni pehē.
ʻI he konga kimuʻa ʻo e senituli 19, ʻi he taimi naʻe ui ai ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻa Siosefa Sāmita ko e Palōfita ʻo hono Toe Fakafoki Mai ʻo e Ongoongoleleí, naʻe fakakau ʻa e tohi Fakahaá ʻi he meimei paaki kotoa ʻo e Tohi Tapú pea ne lahi hono laú. Naʻe ngatū e ngaahi fakakaukau ʻa e kakaí ʻi he fakatātā ʻo e meʻa-hā-mai ʻa Sioné pea ngaʻuta ai e ngaahi fakaʻuhinga kehekehe, ʻo hangē ko ia ʻoku kei hoko ʻi he ʻahó ní.
ʻI he hoko ʻa Siosefa Sāmita ko e Palōfita ʻo e kuonga ʻo e kakato ʻo e ngaahi kuongá, naʻá ne ʻi ha tuʻunga makehe ke fakamatalaʻi mai ʻa e tohi Fakahaá mo tokoni ke toe faingofua ange hono laú mo ʻene mahinó. Naʻá ne fakahoko ʻeni ʻi ha founga pē ʻe ua: (1) naʻá ne fakamatalaʻi ha ngaahi konga pau ʻo e tohi Fakahaá pea fakalahi hono puipuituʻá fakalūkufua, pea (2) naʻá ne fakalea ke mahino ngofua ange.
Fakamatalaʻi mo Fakalahi
Ko e sīpinga lelei taha hono fakamatalaʻi ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ʻa e Tohi Fakahaá ʻoku maʻu ia ʻi he Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakavá 77. Naʻe maʻu ʻa e fakahaá ni ʻi Māʻasi, 1832 ʻa ia ʻoku ʻi ai ha fehuʻi-mo-ha-tali fekauʻaki mo ha ngaahi veesi pau ʻi he Tohi Fakahaá, vahe 4–11. Naʻe pehē ʻe he Palōfitá naʻe fakahā kiate ia ʻa e fakamatala ko ʻení lolotonga ʻene femoʻuekina hono ueʻi fakalaumālie ia ke liliu ʻa e Tohi Tapú (vakai ki he T&F 77, talateu ʻo e vahé).
ʻOku fakahangatonu pē ʻa e ngaahi fehuʻí, ʻo ʻeke ai pe, “ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻeni ki he hā?” mo e “Ko e fē ʻa e taimi ʻe fakahoko ai ʻa e ngaahi meʻá ni?” ʻOku fakahangatonu tatau pē mo e ngaahi talí, neongo ʻoku ʻikai kānokato maʻu pē. Naʻe hoko ʻa e ngaahi tali ne fekumi ki ai mo maʻu ʻe he Palōfita ko Siosefa Sāmitá ke ne fakahalaki ha ngaahi fakamahamahalo ki he tohí mo tokoniʻi kitautolu ke tau vakai ki he fekauʻaki ʻa e meʻa-hā-mai ʻa Sioné mo e ngāue ʻi he ʻaho fakaʻosí.
Hangē ko ʻeni, ʻoku tokoni ʻa e fakahā ko ʻení ke tau sio ai ta ko e ngaahi meʻa fakamaʻu ko ia ʻe fitu ʻi he tohí ʻoku fakamatalaʻi ʻe Sione ʻo kamata ʻi he vahe 5 ʻo Fakahaá ʻoku nau fakafofongaʻi ʻe kinautolu ʻa e ngaahi kuonga lalahi ʻe fitu ʻi he hisitōlia ʻo e māmaní pea ko e ongo meʻa fakamaʻu ʻe ua fakaʻosí ʻa e kuonga ko ʻeni ʻoku tau ʻi aí ʻo fai atu (vakai ki he T&F 77:6–7), ʻo tokoni ai kiate kitautolu ke tau sio ki he ʻuhinga naʻe lahi ange ai e taimi ne nofotaha ai e meʻa-hā-mai ʻa Sioné ʻi he meʻa fakamaʻu hono onó mo e fitú. Naʻe hoko atu leva e fakahā ʻa Siosefa Sāmitá ki hono fakamatalaʻi e founga ʻoku fekauʻaki ai e ngaahi meʻa fakatātā ʻi he meʻa fakamaʻu hono onó (kau ʻāngelo ʻe toko faá mo e fakamaʻu ʻo e kau tamaioʻeiki ʻe toko 144,000 mei he ngaahi faʻahinga ʻo ʻIsilelí) ki he ngāue ʻo hono Toe Fakafoki Mai ʻo e Ongoongoleleí pea mo e tānaki fakatahá ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho fakaʻosí (vakai ki he T&F 77:9–11).
Naʻe ʻikai ko ʻeni pē ʻa e fakahā naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻe he Palōfita ko Siosefa Sāmitá ʻo tānaki mai ki heʻetau mahino ko ia ki he tohi Fakahaá mei heʻene liliu ʻo e Tohi Tapú. ʻI heʻene ngāué, naʻe faʻa ueʻi ai ia ke ne hiki ʻa e folofolá ke toe mahino ngofua ange,1 ka naʻe faʻa ueʻi foki ia ke tānaki mai pe fakaleleiʻi e folofolá kae lava ke fakafekauʻaki ki he ngaahi folofola kehé ke nau fepoupouaki.2 ʻOku mahino mai ko e konga ʻo e ngāue ʻa Siosefa Sāmita ki he Tohi Tapú, ko hono lālanga fakataha ʻa e ngaahi feʻunu ko ʻení ʻi he ngaahi tohi folofolá kae lava ke maʻu ai ha fala uoungataha pē ʻe taha ʻo e ngaahi akonakí mo e kikité, pea kau ki ai mo e tohi Fakahaá.
Fakaikiikí mei he The Revelation of St. John the Divine, by Paul Mann; fakaikiikí mei he Christ of the Cornfield, by Thomas Francis Dicksee
ʻIkai ngata aí, ʻi he ngaahi fakahā mo e ngaahi liliu kehé, naʻe fakalahi ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ʻa e fakamatala ʻo kau ki he tohi Fakahaá ʻaki ʻene fakahaaʻi ʻoku ʻi ai ha sīpinga ʻo ha ngaahi meʻa-hā-mai loloto fau kuo ʻoange ki ha kau palōfita tokolahi ʻi he ngaahi kuongá. ʻI he Tohi ʻa Molomoná mo e Mataʻitofe Mahuʻingá, ʻoku tau ako ai naʻe maʻu ʻe Nīfai, tokoua ʻo Sēletí, Mōsese, mo ʻĪnoke ʻa e ngaahi meʻa-hā-mai faitatau ʻoku hā ai ʻa e ʻalunga ʻo e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá, ʻo kau ai ʻa e ngataʻanga ʻo e māmaní. ʻOku tau ʻilo foki neongo naʻe fakahā ki he kau palōfita kehé ʻa e ngataʻanga ʻo e māmaní, naʻe tapui kinautolu mei hono vahevahé koeʻuhí naʻe ʻosi tomuʻa fakanofo pē ʻa Sione ia ke ne fakahoko hono hikí (vakai ki he 1 Nīfai 14:25–26). Ko ia, ʻoku akoʻi kitautolu ʻe hono ʻomi ʻo e Tohi ʻa Molomoná, ʻo fakafou ʻi he Palōfita ko Siosefa Sāmitá, naʻe pau ke tau maʻu ʻa hono fakamatalaʻi ʻe Sione e ngaahi meʻa ʻe hokó ʻo aʻu ki he Hāʻele ʻAnga Ua mai ʻa Sīsū Kalaisí pea ʻoku mahuʻinga ke tau ako ki ai.
Koeʻuhí ko e toe maama ko ia kuo fakahā mai ʻo fakafou ʻia Siosefa Sāmitá, ʻoku tau lava ai ke mamata ki he kaveinga fakalūkufua ʻo e tohi Fakahaá: ʻa ia “ʻe ʻi ai ha ikuna ʻi he māmani ko ʻení ʻa e ʻOtuá ʻi he tēvoló; ko ha ikuna tuʻuloa ʻo e leleí ʻi he koví, ʻo e Kāingalotú ʻi honau kau fakatangá, ʻo e puleʻanga ʻo e ʻOtuá ʻi he ngaahi puleʻanga ʻo e tangatá pea mo Sētané. … [ʻE] fakahoko ʻa e ikuna ko iá ʻia Sīsū Kalaisi.”3 ʻIkai ko ia pē, naʻe fakamamafaʻi ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ko e uho ʻo e pōpoaki ʻo e tohi Fakahaá ko Sīsū Kalaisi ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻo ʻetau ʻamanaki leleí mo akoʻi kitautolu, te tau lava ʻo ikunaʻi ʻa e māmaní ʻi heʻetau angatonu kiate Ia mo ʻEne ngāué ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho fakaʻosí.
Fakalea ke Mahino Ngofua Ange
ʻI ha konifelenisi ʻa e Siasí ʻi he ʻaho 8 ʻo ʻEpeleli, 1843, naʻe pehē ʻe he Palōfita ko Siosefa Sāmitá, “Ko e tohi Fakahaá ko e taha ia ʻo e ngaahi tohi mahinongofua taha kuo fekau ʻe he ʻOtuá ke tohi.”4 Mahalo naʻe fakaʻohovale ʻa e malanga ko ʻení ki heʻene kau fanongó koeʻuhí ʻoku fesītuʻaʻaki ʻeni ia mo ʻenau aʻusiá. ʻA ia ko e hā nai e ʻuhinga ʻa e Palōfitá?
Lolotonga hono tatala ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ʻa e ngaahi meʻa lilo ʻo e tohi ʻa Fakahaá, ngalingali ʻokú ne fakataumuʻa ke fakalea ia ke mahino ngofua ange ʻi heʻene malangá. Naʻá ne fai ʻeni ʻaki ʻene fakahaaʻi ʻoku ʻikai ʻuhinga e ngaahi meʻa lilo ʻoku ngali fufū mai ʻi ha tohi ke pehē ʻoku fakamisiteli ia ki heʻetau fakakaukaú pea ʻoku ʻikai ʻuhinga e mohu heliaki loloto ia ha tohi folofola ke pehē ʻoku toe fuʻu mahuʻinga fēfē ia pe ʻuhinga makehe ia kiate kitautolu.
ʻIkai ko ia pē, ka ʻi ha konga ʻo ʻene malangá, naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ʻoku lava ʻe hono lau fakalelei ko ia ʻo e tohi Fakahaá ʻo fakangatangata ʻa hono fakaʻuhingaʻi keheʻí. Naʻá ne fakamatalaʻi mai ko e ʻuluaki vahe ko ia ʻe tolu ʻo e tohí ʻoku talanoa ia ki he taimi ʻo Sioné mo e “ngaahi meʻa ʻoku totonu ke vave ʻa ʻene hokó” (Fakahā 1:1) pea ko e toenga leva ʻo e tohí ʻoku talanoa ia ki he “ngaahi meʻa ʻoku totonu ke hoko ʻamuí” (Fakahā 4:1), pe fakalaka atu ʻi he kuonga ʻo Sioné.5 ʻI hono fakangatangata ʻo e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku ʻuhinga ki ai e ngaahi heliaki ʻi he ngaahi konga ʻo e tohí, ʻoku toe siʻisiʻi ange ai e ngaahi meʻa liló ʻi he muimui ki he ngaahi fakahinohino ʻo kau ki he ngaahi kuonga ʻoku fakamatalaʻi ʻi he tohí.
ʻIkai ko ia pē, ka naʻe akoʻi ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ko e taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻoku ʻuhinga pē ʻa e fanga manú ia ki he fanga manu. Naʻá ne fakamatalaʻi ko e taimi ko ia naʻe pehē ai ʻe Sione naʻá ne mamata ki ha fanga manu ʻi he langí (vakai Fakahā 4:6), ko e meʻa naʻá ne mamata ki aí … ko e fanga manu ʻi he langí. Naʻe fakamahino mai ʻe he Palōfitá ko e niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi fakamatala ko ia ʻa Sione ki heʻene meʻa-hā-maí naʻe mahino pē kae heliaki e niʻihi.6 Naʻá ne toe fakamatalaʻi foki ha tefitoʻi moʻoni ʻoku fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi meʻa fakatātā ko iá:
ʻI he taimi pē ʻoku ʻomi ai ʻe he ʻOtuá ha meʻa-hā-mai ʻo ha fakatātā, pe manu, pe fakatātā ʻo ha faʻahinga meʻa, ʻokú Ne moʻua maʻu pē ke ʻomi ha fakahā pe fakaʻuhinga ki he ʻuhinga ʻo e meʻa ko iá, he ka ʻikai ke pehē ʻoku ʻikai leva ke tau fatongiaʻaki pe taliui ki heʻetau tui ki aí. ʻOua naʻá ke manavasiʻi ki hano ʻitengia koe ko e ʻikai ke ke ʻilo ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻo ha meʻa-hā-mai pe heliaki, ʻo kapau kuo teʻeki ke ʻoatu ʻe he ʻOtuá ha fakahā pe ko hono fakaʻuhingaʻí.”7
ʻOku ʻikai fuʻu mahuʻinga ia pe te ke ʻilo hono fakaʻuhingaʻi fakaikiiki kotoa ʻo e ngaahi meʻa-hā-mai fakamisitelí. ʻOku ʻikai ke tatau ʻa e ngaahi fakalea heliaki loloto ko ia ʻa e kau palōfitá mo e ngaahi meʻa lilo ʻa e ʻOtuá, ʻa ia kuo ʻoange ki he tokotaha ʻokú ne “fakatomala mo ngāue ʻaki ʻa e tuí, peá ne fai ʻa e ngaahi ngāue leleí, mo lotu maʻu ai pē taʻetukú” (ʻAlamā 26:22).
ʻI hono fakalea ke mahino ngofua ange ʻa e tohi Fakahaá, naʻe toʻo ʻe he Palōfitá ʻa e ngaahi meʻa ʻe ala fakafelekeú mei he ngaahi meʻa mahuʻinga ange ʻo e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí. ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he meʻa-hā-mai ʻa Sioné kiate kitautolu ha fakamatala mahuʻinga fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi ʻaho fakaʻosí: ʻa e Hē mei he Moʻoní mo e Fakafoki mai ʻo e Ongoongoleleí, ʻa e Hāʻele ʻAnga Ua mai ʻa Sīsū Kalaisí, ʻEne ikunaʻi ko ia e tēvoló, ʻEne pule ʻi he taʻu ʻe afé, pea mo e Toetuʻú mo e Fakamaau Fakaʻosí. ʻOku lava ʻe he ngaahi meʻá ni ʻo tokoniʻi kitautolu ʻi heʻetau faifeinga ko ia ke kumi ki he moʻoní mo muimui ki he finangalo ʻo e ʻEikí. Ka ʻo kapau te tau moʻunofoa ʻi ha fakaʻuhinga ʻo ha fakatātā ʻoku fakamatalaʻi ʻi he meʻa-hā-mai ko iá, te tau ala liʻaki e meʻa ʻoku mahuʻinga tahá.8
ʻI heʻetau ako ʻa e tohi Fakahaá mo ngāue ʻaonga ʻaki e mahino ko ia kuo tau maʻu ʻo fakafou mai ʻi he Palōfita ko Siosefa Sāmitá, ʻoku tau lava ʻo sio ki he feituʻu ʻoku tau tuʻu aí ʻi he ʻalunga ʻo e māmaní pea mo e ngaahi fengāueʻaki ʻa e ʻOtuá mo ʻEne fānaú. ʻI heʻetau ʻilo ʻení, ʻoku tau lava ʻo sio ai ki he mahuʻinga ʻetau fakamoʻoni fakatāutaha kia Sīsū Kalaisí pea mo ʻetau kau kakato atu ki Heʻene ngāué ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho fakaʻosí. Pea te tau ikunaʻi leva ʻa e māmaní, ʻia Kalaisi, ʻo maʻu ʻa e meʻa kotoa pē mei he Tamaí (vakai ki he Fakahā 3:21; 21:7).