Ko Haniteli mo e Meʻaʻofa ʻo e Mīsaiá
Fakatauange ʻe lava ke tau fakahā fakataha mo Haniteli ʻi he fakaʻosinga ʻo hotau ngaahi ʻaho kuo tofa mei he langí, kuo ʻahia kitautolu ʻe he ʻOtuá.
Hangē ne fāʻeleʻi mai pē ʻa Siaosi Feletiliki Haniteli ia ke hoko ko ha punaké. ʻI heʻene kei siʻí ʻi Siamane, naʻá ne poto ʻaupito he tā vaiolingí mo e ʻōkaní. Hili hono faʻu ʻene fuofua taʻangá ʻi Siamané, naʻá ne hiki ki ʻĪtali, ʻa ia ko e uhouhonga ʻo e faiva hivá ʻi māmaní, ke ʻahiʻahi faʻu ha ngaahi hiva ʻi he sīpinga faka-ʻĪtalí. Naʻá ne lava lelei ke faʻu ai ha ngaahi taʻanga ʻōpelā mo ha ngaahi fasi ke tā ʻi he lotoʻā fakatuʻí.
ʻI he 1711, ʻi hono taʻu 26 naʻe fakakaukau ʻa Haniteli ke hiki ki ʻIngilani, ʻa ia naʻe fuofua tali ai ʻene ngaahi hiva ʻōpelaá mo e ngaahi taʻanga ke hivaʻi pea tā ʻe he ngaahi tāmeʻa leá (oratorios). Neongo iá, ʻi he konga kimui ʻo e ngaahi taʻu 1970, naʻe ʻikai toe fuʻu tokanga e kakai Pilitāniá ia ki he ngaahi hiva ʻopelā (opera) naʻe hivaʻi faka-Siamane pe faka-ʻĪtalí; ka nau saiʻia kinautolu ʻi he ngaahi faiva fakakata hangē ko e The Beggar’s Opera. Ko ia ne taʻu lahi ʻa e feinga ʻa Haniteli ke taʻotaʻofi e fanga ulofí—ʻa kinautolu naʻe moʻua ki aí—mei hono matapaá.
ʻI he 1737, hili ia e ngāue ʻa e tangata punake taʻu 52 ko ʻení ʻaki hono tūkuingatá ke faʻu ha foʻi hiva ʻopelā (opera) ʻe fā ʻi ha māhina pē ʻe 12, naʻá ne pā-kālava, ʻo mamatea fakataimi ai hono nima toʻomataʻú. Ne fakahā ange ʻe ha toketā ki he sekelitali ngāue faivelenga ʻa Hanitelí: “Te mau ala lava pē ʻo fakahaofi ʻa e tangatá—ka kuo mole ʻaupito pē ʻa e tangata faʻu hivá ia. Hangē kiate au kuo maumau ʻaupito pē hono ʻatamaí.”1
Naʻe fakahalaki ʻe he tangata punaké e lau ʻa e toketaá. Naʻe faifai pē pea ʻaonga ki hono sinó ʻa e faitoʻo ʻi he ngaahi vai vela mapunopuna ʻi Aix-la-Chapelle (ʻĀkeni, ʻi Siamané), pea toe mālohi mai hono sinó. Hili hano siviʻi pe ʻokú ne kei lava ʻo tā e ʻōkaní ʻi ha falelotu ofi mai pē, naʻá ne kalanga fiefia, “Kuó u toe foki mai mei Hētesi.”2
ʻI heʻene foki ki Lonitoni ʻo toe hoko atu hono faʻu ʻo e ngaahi hiva ʻōpelaá, naʻe ʻikai tali lelei ʻene ngāué, pea toe kamata hono tuli holo ʻe he niʻihi naʻe moʻua ki aí. ʻI he tōtuʻa ʻo e siva ʻa e ʻamanakí, naʻe kamata ke ne fifili, “Ko e hā ne fakangofua ai ʻe he ʻOtuá ke u toe moʻui mai peá ne fakangofua pē hoku kaungā-tangatá ke nau toe tanu aú?” 3 ʻI ʻEpeleli ʻo e 1741, naʻe fakahoko ʻe Haniteli ha koniseti ʻa ia naʻá ne pehē ko ʻene koniseti fakaʻosí ia. Naʻe ʻikai toe ʻi ai haʻane ngaahi faʻu foʻou. Naʻe pehē ʻe ha tangata faʻu piokālafi: “Naʻe ʻikai ha meʻa ke kamata pe ke fakaʻosi. Naʻe ʻikai toe ʻilo ʻe Haniteli pe ko e hā ʻe faí.”4
ʻI ha hoʻatā ʻe taha ʻi he konga ki mui ʻo ʻAokosi ʻo e taʻu tatau pē, naʻe foki mai ai ʻa Haniteli mei haʻane lue loloa mo fakaongosia ʻo ʻiloʻi naʻe tuku ange ʻe ha tangata faʻu maau ne na ngāue fakataha pē kimuʻa, ko Sālesi Sēnini (Charles Jennens), ha ʻū pepa. Naʻe hiki heni ha ngaahi lea mei he folofolá, kae fakatefito ki he ngaahi lea ʻa ʻĪsaiá, ʻo tomuʻa fakahā ai ʻa hono ʻaloʻi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí mo fakamatalaʻi ʻa Hono misioná, Tutukí, mo e Toetuʻú. Naʻe fie maʻu ke fakafasi mo tā ʻeni ʻe ha kau tāmeʻalea. Koeʻuhí ko e ngaahi ngāue taʻelavameʻa ʻa Haniteli ʻi he kuohilí, naʻá ne tailiili ʻi he kamata ke ne lau ʻa e ngaahi fakaleá.
Hangē naʻe ʻasi mahino hake pē mei he pēsí ʻa e ongo ʻuluaki foʻi lea ʻi he pepá, “Mou Fakafiemālieʻi.” Ne hanga ʻe he ngaahi lea ko ʻení ʻo veteki ʻa e ngaahi ʻao fakapoʻuli naʻe fuoloa ʻenau hanga ʻo kāpui ʻa Hanitelí. Ne fakaʻau ke siʻisiʻi ange ʻene loto-mafasiá pea tupulaki e ngaahi ongo naʻá ne maʻú mei heʻene saiʻia he fakaleá ʻo aʻu ki heʻene fiefia ʻi he hokohoko atu ʻene lau ki hono talaki ʻe he ʻāngeló ʻa e ʻaloʻi ʻo e Fakamoʻuí mo e ngaahi kikite ʻa ʻĪsaia kau ki he Mīsaiá, ʻa ia te Ne hāʻele mai ki he māmaní pea ʻaloʻi mai ʻo hangē ko e fanga kiʻi valevale kehe pē ʻi he māmaní. Naʻe toe manatu ʻa Haniteli ki ha fasi naʻá ne faʻu ki muʻa, lolotonga ʻene lau ʻa e “He Kuo Fanauʻi Kiate Kitautolu ha Tama.” Naʻe vave ange e fakafonu hono ʻatamaí ʻe he ngaahi fakamatalá ni ʻi heʻene hiki ia he pepá, lolotonga ia ʻene sioloto atu ki he ʻīmisi ʻo e Tauhisipi Lelei ʻofá ʻi he foʻi hiva ʻoku ui ko e “Te Ne Fafanga ʻEne Fanga Sipí.” Pea hoko mai leva mo e fiefia lahi ʻoku hā ʻi he “Haleluiā,” hoko mai ai mo e fakamoʻoni ongo vaivai mo fakalangi ʻo e “ʻOku Moʻui Hoku Huhuʻí.” Naʻe fakaʻosi ʻaki e ngāué ʻa e ngeia fakatuʻi ʻo e “ʻOku Tāu Mo e Lamí.”
Hili ange kotoa e ngaahi fasi naʻe faʻu ʻe Haniteli lolotonga ʻene moʻuí, naʻe ʻiloa taha pē ia ʻi māmani kātoa ʻi he foʻi hiva ko ʻení, ko e Mīsaiá,ʻa ia naʻe faʻu pē ʻi ha uike ʻe tolu lolotonga e konga ki mui ʻo e faʻahitaʻu māfana ʻo e 1741. ʻI he kakato ʻene faʻú, naʻá ne pehē ʻi he loto fakatōkilalo, “Kuo ʻahia au ʻe he ʻOtuá.” 5 ʻE tui tatau mo ia ʻa kinautolu te nau ongoʻi ʻa e Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní ʻi heʻenau aʻusia ʻa e fakamoʻoni mālohi ʻo e Mīsaia ʻa Hanitelí.
Naʻe fakahā ʻe Haniteli kiate kinautolu naʻa nau sopinisā hono fuofua konisetiʻi ʻo e foʻi hivá, ko e paʻanga tupu kotoa pē ʻe maʻu mei ai pea mei he ngaahi koniseti kotoa ʻo e Mīsaiá ʻi he kahaʻú, “ʻe foaki ia ki he kau pōpulá, kau paeá, mo e kau mahakí.” Naʻá ne pehē, “Naʻá ku fokoutua mo au ka kuo fakamoʻui au. Ne u hoko ko ha tokotaha nofo pōpula, pea kuo fakatauʻatāinaʻi au.”6
Hili hono fuofua fakaʻaliʻali ʻo e Mīsaiá ʻi Lonitoní, naʻe fakamālōʻiaʻi ʻa Haniteli ʻe ha pataloni ʻe taha ʻi he fakaʻofoʻofa ʻo e “polokalama” naʻe fakahokó.
Ne tali ange ʻe Haniteli ʻi he loto fakatōkilalo, “Hoku ʻeiki, ʻoku totonu ke u kole fakamolemole ʻo kapau ne u fakafiefiaʻi ʻataʻatā pē kinautolu naʻe fanongó. Ko ʻeku fakaʻamú ke ngaohi kinautolu ke nau toe lelei ange.” 7
Kuo faifai peá ne fiemālie mei heʻene fekumi taʻemanonga ki he ongoongoá, paʻangá, mo e fakahīkihiki ʻa e kakaí—ka ne toki hoko pē ʻeni hili ʻene faʻu ʻa e tumutumu ʻo ʻene ngāué maʻá ha kakai naʻe kau ai ʻa kinautolu naʻe ʻikai ʻo e māmaní. Naʻe ʻikai kei fakafalala e ngaahi meʻa naʻe mahuʻinga tahá ki he ngaahi meʻa naʻe siʻi taha honau mahuʻingá. Kuo mālōlō ʻeni ʻa Haniteli, ko ha punake naʻe ʻikai manonga.
Ngaahi Lēsoni mei he Moʻui ʻa Hanitelí
Ko e hā e ngaahi lēsoni te tau ala ako mei he moʻui ʻa Siaosi Feletiliki Haniteli mo ʻene faʻu ha hiva kuo hoko ko ha fakaʻilonga fakalaumālie?
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Kuo pau ke tau fakatupulaki ha loto-falala ki he ngaahi meʻa ʻoku tau malava ke faí mo ako ke tau tali hono fakaangaʻi ʻo ʻetau ngāué. Naʻe pehē ʻe ha tangata faʻu maau ko Lutiati Kipilingi: “Falala kiate koe ʻi he taimi ʻe fakataʻetaʻetui atu ai e kakai kotoa pē, kae ʻai pē foki mo ke fakakaukau ʻoku ʻi ai pē ʻuhinga ʻo ʻenau loto veiveiuá.”8
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ʻE ʻikai lava ʻe he lahi ʻo ha meʻa ʻo fetongi hono leleí mo ʻene kehekehé. Kuo matangalo atu e konga lahi ʻo e ngaahi fuofua taʻanga ʻopelā (opera) naʻe faʻu ʻe Hanitelí. Naʻe ʻikai kei mālie ʻa e fōtunga tatau ʻo e faʻú; tomuʻa ʻiloʻi pē ʻa e anga hono fokotuʻutuʻú; naʻe ongo tatau pē ʻa e hiva ʻōpela takitaha kuó ne faʻú.
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ʻI he taimi ʻoku tau ngāue ai ʻi hano ueʻi kitautolu ʻe he laumālié, ʻoku tau fai ʻa e ngāue ʻo e langí. He ʻikai ke tau lava ʻo fakamālohiʻi e Laumālié, ka ʻi he taimi ʻoku tau maʻu ai e ueʻi ʻa e laumālié mo e fakahaá, kuo pau ke tau fakaongoongo pea ngāue fakatatau mo e ngaahi ueʻí. Kuo talaʻofa ʻa e ʻEikí ʻe “fakaake ʻe he mālohi ʻo hoku Laumālié ʻa e ngaahi meʻa kotoa pē” (T&F 33:16).
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Kuo pau ke tau ʻiloʻi ʻa e feituʻu ʻoku tau maʻu mei ai ʻa e ueʻi fakalaumālié mo e fakahaá. Ko e ngaahi meʻangāue pē kitautolu ʻi he ngāue ʻoku tau fai ʻo faitāpuekina ai ʻa e niʻihi kehé. Kuo pau ke tau ʻiloʻi “kuo ʻahia [kitautolu] ʻe he ʻOtuá,” ʻo hangē ko ia ne ʻiloʻi ʻe Haniteli ʻi he taimi naʻá ne tafoki ai mei he fakalāngilangi naʻá ne maʻu mei heʻene lavameʻá.
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Kuo pau ke ʻoua ʻaupito naʻa ʻi ai ha taimi te tau fakasiʻisiʻia ai ʻa e mālohi ʻo e folofolá. ʻOku ʻi ai ha mālohi ʻi he folofola ʻa e ʻOtuá ʻoku mahulu atu ia ʻi he ngaahi fakalea ʻa e kau punake talēnitiʻia taha ʻo e māmaní (vakai, ʻAlamā 31:5).
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ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he fakamoʻoni ʻa e Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní ʻa e ʻuhinga fakalaumālie moʻoni ʻo ha ngāue ʻoku fakahoko. “Ka [lea pe hiva ha taha] ʻi he mālohi ʻo e Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní, ʻoku fakahū ia ʻe he mālohi ʻo e Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní ki he loto ʻo e fānau ʻa e tangatá” (2 Nīfai 33:1).
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ʻOku ʻi he ʻOtuá mo ʻEne ngaahi ngāué ʻa e mālohí, kae ʻikai ʻi heʻetau ngaahi leá. Naʻe fakahā ʻeni ʻe he Fakamoʻuí kia Siosefa ʻo fekauʻaki mo e kau poto ʻi he meʻa fakalotú ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho ko iá, “ʻOku nau ʻunuʻunu mai kiate au ʻaki honau loungutú, ka ʻoku mamaʻo honau lotó meiate au, … ʻoku nau maʻu ʻa hono ngeʻesi ʻo e lotú, ka ʻoku nau fakaʻikaiʻi ʻa hono mālohí” (Siosefa Sāmita—Hisitōlia 1:19). Kuo faʻu ʻe Haniteli ha ngaahi hiva kehe mo ha ngaahi fakalea mei he tohi tapú, ka naʻe ʻikai tatau ʻa ʻene faʻahinga mūsiká mo e mālohi ʻo e folofolá—ʻa e ngaahi kikite mālohi ʻa ʻĪsaia kau ki hono ʻaloʻi ʻo e Fakamoʻuí mo ʻEne ngāue fakafaifekaú pe mo hono fakahoko ʻo e ngaahi kikite ko iá ʻo hangē ko ʻene hā ʻi he tohi Fakahaá mo e Ongoongolelei naʻe tohi ʻe Luke mo Sioné. ʻOku tau fakatou maʻu ʻi he Mīsaiaʻa Hanitelí ʻa e fōtunga ʻo e anga faka-ʻOtuá pea mo hono mālohí. ʻI he Mīsaiá,ʻoku ʻunuʻunu ofi ange ai ʻa e loungutú mo e lotó ki he langí.
ʻOku tau takitaha femoʻuekina ʻi ha faʻahinga ngāue fakalaumālie ʻi he moʻuí ni, hangē pē ko Siaosi Feletiliki Hanitelí. Ko e lavameʻa fakalaumālie fakatouʻosi ʻa hono lehilehiʻi fakatuʻasino ʻetau moʻui fakamatelié pea mo e moʻui angatonu ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho ʻoku tau ʻi he māmaní aí. ʻOku ou lotua ke tau ongoʻingofua ʻa e ngaahi ueʻi mei he langí, ke lava ʻo ueʻi kitautolu ʻi ha founga ʻe lava ke ueʻi ai mo ha niʻihi ʻe he ngaahi fua ʻo ʻetau ngaahi ngāué. ʻOfa ke ʻoua naʻa puleʻi kitautolu ʻe ha ngaahi fokotuʻutuʻu ʻoku sivisiviʻi fakataimi pē mo ha ngaahi ʻilo ʻoku tau maʻu ʻiate kitautolu pē ʻa ia te ne fakangatangata ʻetau tupulaki fakalaumālié pea taʻofi meiate kitautolu ʻa e fakahaá.
Naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻe ʻElisapeti Pālei Palauni (Elizabeth Barret Browning) ʻi heʻene foʻi maau ko e Aurora Leigh, ʻa e foʻi fakakaukau mālie ko ʻení:
ʻOku fonu ʻa e māmaní ʻi he mālohi ʻo e langí,
Pea ʻoku vela ʻa e vaoʻakau kotoa ʻi he ʻOtuá;
Ka ko ia pē ʻe mamata ki aí te ne toʻo hono suú;
Kae nofo takai hono toé ʻo toli fuamelie.9
Fakatauange te tau takitaha toʻo hotau suú pea fakafonu ʻaki ʻetau ngaahi ngāué ʻa e mālohi ʻo e langí, pea ʻofa ke ʻoua naʻa ʻi ai hatau taha ʻe maʻu atu ʻoku toli fuamelie pē lolotonga ko iá ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngāue lahi mo māʻolunga ange ʻoku fie maʻu ke fakahoko.
Pea fakatauange ʻe lava ke tau fakahā fakataha mo Haniteli ʻi he fakaʻosinga ʻo hotau ngaahi ʻaho kuo tofa mei he langí, kuo ʻahia kitautolu ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻi heʻetau ngaahi ngāué.
Tā ʻo Hanitelí ʻoku pehē ko e fai ʻe Balthasar Denner © Getty Images; laʻitā ʻo e vaiolingí naʻe fai ʻe Matthew Reier; tā fakatātāʻi ʻe Jed Clark © IRI
Ko hono ʻAloʻi ʻo Sīsuú, tā ʻe Carl Heinrich Bloch, fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi hono fakangofua ʻe he Musiume Hisitōlia Fakapuleʻanga ʻi Feletilikisipooki ʻi Hilelotí, Tenimaʻake; Ko Hono Akoʻi ʻo Mele mo Māʻatá, tā ʻe Soren Edsberg, ʻoua naʻa hiki hano tatau; Ko Hono Fakaʻā ʻe Kalaisi ʻa e Kuí, tā ʻe Carl Heinrich Bloch, fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi hono fakangofua ʻe he Musiume Hisitōlia Fakapuleʻanga ʻi Feletilikisipooki ʻi Hilelotí, Tenimaʻake, ʻoua naʻa hiki hano tatau; ngaahi faitā ʻa Richard M. Romney
Ko e Fakafisinga ʻa Pitá,tā ʻe Carl Heinrich Bloch, faitaaʻi ʻe Charlie Baird ʻo e tatau moʻoní ʻi he Mūsiume Hisitōlia Fakapuleʻanga ʻi Feletilikisipooki ʻi Hilelotí, Tenimaʻake; Ko e Kau Mele ʻe Toko Tolú ʻi he Fonualotó © SuperStock, ʻoua naʻa hiki hano tatau; ngaahi faitā ʻa Matthew Reier, Craig Dimond, Christina Smith, John Luke, mo Hyun-Gyu Lee