Puipuituʻa ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú
Kau Kalisitiane ʻi Kolinitō
ʻOku tokoni ʻa e ʻātakai fakafonua ʻi Kolinitoó ke mahino kiate kitautolu ha niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi faleʻi ʻa Paula ʻa ia ʻe ngali faingataʻa ki he kau laukonga ʻo onopōní.1
Naʻe hoko ʻa Kolinitō ʻi he senituli ʻuluakí ko e kolomuʻa fakaʻekonōmika longomoʻui mo fakapolitikale ʻo e vahefonua Loma ʻo ʻAkeiá. Makehe mei he kau tangataʻi fonua Lomá, naʻá ne tohoakiʻi ʻa e kau Kalisí, kau Sīliá, mo e kau Siú. ʻOku hangē kuo tākiekina ʻe he ngaahi fakakaukau faka-Kalisi ʻo e ngaahi ʻapiako Palātoniki, Sitoiki, mo faka-Sinikí ha niʻihi ʻo e kau Kolinitoó—kau ai ha kau Kalisitiane ʻe niʻihi—ʻi he ngaahi meʻa fakalaumālié, fakatuʻasinó, mo fakasōsialé.
Naʻe tohoakiʻi ʻe he malanga ʻa Paulá ha niʻihi ʻo e kau tuʻumālié mo e ivi tākiekina ʻo Kolinitoó pea pehē ki ha kau papi ului tokolahi naʻe ʻikai ke nau ako lelei pe kau ki he meʻa fakafonuá. Naʻe iku ʻa e ngaahi faikehekehe ko ʻení ke hoko ai ʻa e mavahevahe mo e fekeʻikeʻi ʻi he Siasi ʻi Kolinitoó.
Poto Makehe?
Naʻe ʻomi ʻe he kakai ako ʻo Kolinitoó ha ngaahi tukufakaholo fakafilōsefa kehekehe ke fakamahinoʻaki ʻoku nau maʻu ha poto pe ʻilo makehe. Naʻa nau tui naʻe ʻomi ʻe heʻenau ʻilo makehé ha moʻui fakalaumālie foʻou ʻi he moʻuí ni. Naʻe tataki kinautolu ʻe he fakakaukau ko ʻení ke fakaʻikaiʻi ʻa e mahuʻinga ʻo e sinó mo fakaʻuhinga ʻoku nau māʻolunga ange ʻi he laó pea ʻoku nau tauʻatāina ke fai ʻa e meʻa ʻoku nau loto ki aí. Naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe ha kau Kalisitiane ʻe niʻihi ʻa e ngaahi fakakaukau ko ʻení ki heʻenau ului ki he tui faka-Kalisitiané, ʻo tākiekina ha angatuʻu mo ha faiangahala fakaeangamaʻa.
Naʻe fakafepakiʻi ʻe Paula ʻenau maʻuhalá ʻo pehē “ʻoku ngofua ʻa e meʻa kotoa pē” (1 Kolinitō 6:12) peá ne taukaveʻi ʻoku totonu ke maʻa mo mapuleʻi lelei ʻe he kau Kalisitiané kinautolu: “Fakaongolelei ʻa e ʻOtuá ʻi homou sinó, pea ʻi homou laumālié” (vakai, 1 Kolinitō 6:12–20).
Teuteu Fakatāutahá
Naʻe kehekehe pē ʻa e ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni ʻa e kau Siú, Kalisí, mo e kau Loma ʻi Kolinitoó ki he lōloa ʻo e ʻulu ʻo e kakai tangatá mo e kakai fefiné pea mo hono ʻufiʻufi ʻo e ʻulu ʻo ha taha, tautautefito ʻi he taimi moihuú. Ka naʻe faitatau ʻa e ngaahi anga fakafonua kotoa pē ʻi hono tapui ʻa e kakai fefine malí ke ʻufiʻufi honau ʻulú. Makehe mei ai, naʻe kehekehe pē ʻa e tuʻutuʻuni ʻa e kau Siú, Kalikí, mo e Lomá ki hono ʻufiʻufi e ʻulu honau kakai tangatá, tautefito ki he taimi ʻoku nau lotu aí.
Naʻe mahino lelei ʻa e ngaahi fiemaʻu fakafonua ko ʻení mei he faleʻi ʻa Paula ʻi he 1 Kolinitō 11. Kae mahalo naʻe ʻi ai pē mo ha palopalema ʻe taha: ko e fakafōtunga ʻa e kau tuʻukimuʻa he lotu faka-Kalisitiané naʻa nau fakafepakiʻi ʻa e ngaahi anga fakafonua fakasōsialé, ʻo fakatou tatau pē ki he kau panganí mo e kau Kalisitiané. ʻI ha ʻātakai naʻe fakafepakiʻi ai ʻe ha kau Kalisitiane ʻe niʻihi ʻi Kolinitō ʻa e ngaahi tuʻunga moʻui angamahení koeʻuhí ko e hīkisiá, naʻe faleʻi ai ʻe Paula ke nau angalelei mo fakaʻapaʻapaʻi ʻa e ngaahi anga fakafonua ʻi Kolinitoó.
Nofo-Malí mo e Nofo Taʻemalí
ʻOku kau ʻi he faleʻi ʻa Paula ki he nofo-malí mo e nofo taʻe-malí ha ngaahi potufolofola ʻe ngali faingataʻa kiate kitautolu ʻi he kuongá ni. Ka ʻoku nau ʻuhingamālie ange ʻi he puipuituʻa ʻo e vakai fakamāmani lahi ʻokú ne holoki ʻa e mahuʻinga ʻo e sinó.
Naʻe tui ha niʻihi ʻi Kolinitō, ʻoku fakahoifua ki he ʻOtuá ʻa hono matuʻaki siʻaki ʻa e ngaahi meʻa fakamāmaní. Ko ʻenau fakakaukau ko ia ʻoku kovi ʻa e malí, naʻe lea ai ʻa Paula fekauʻaki mo e nofo-malí mo ha ngaahi meʻa kehe (vakai, 1 Kolinitō 7:1–7) pea mo faleʻi ʻa e kakai teʻeki ke malí, kau uitoú, mo kinautolu ʻoku fakakaukau ke vete malí, mo kinautolu naʻe mali ki he kau taʻetuí (vakai, 1 Kolinitō 7:8–9, 39–40, 10–16). ʻE lava ke fakamatalaʻi fakanounou ʻa e faleʻi ko iá ʻo pehē: “Moʻui angamaʻa ʻi he teʻeki ai ke malí pea feohi angatonu ʻi he nofo-malí.”
ʻOku faleʻi ʻe Paula ʻa kinautolu ʻoku malí ke hokohoko atu pē ʻenau nofo-malí, neongo kapau ʻe ʻi ai ha ngaahi faingataʻa. ʻOkú ne faleʻi ʻa e kau Kalisitiane naʻe mali mo e kau taʻetuí ke hoko atu pē ʻenau nofo-malí, “he ʻoku fakatapuʻi ʻa e tangta taʻetuí ʻe hono ʻunohó, pea fakatapuʻi ʻa e fefine taʻetuí ʻe hono ʻunohó” (1 Kolinitō 7:14).
Ko e faleʻi ko ia ʻa Paula ki he kakai teʻeki ke malí ko haʻane fakakaukau pē ia ʻaʻana, ka ʻoku ʻikai ko ha tokāteline ia (vakai, 1 Kolinitō 7:7–9, 39–40). ʻOkú ne fakaʻamu naʻe tatau ʻa e kakai kotoa pē mo ia pea faleʻi ʻa e “kau takapeé mo e kau fefine kuo mate honau ʻunohó” ke nau “nofo pē ʻo hangē ko [iá].” Neongo naʻe ʻuhinga ʻa e meʻá ni ki he feohi angatonu ʻi he nofo-malí mo angamaʻa ʻi he teʻeki ke malí,2 kae mahalo naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi pē ʻa e faleʻi ko ʻení kiate kinautolu kuo mole honau ngaahi malí ʻi he maté, ʻo tatau ai pē pe ko e tangata pe fefine.3
Neongo iá, ʻoku tatau pē ʻene faleʻí: “Pea kapau ʻoku ʻikai te nau faʻa kātaki [ngāue ʻaki ʻa hono mapuleʻi kitá], tuku ke nau mali: he ʻoku lelei ʻenau malí ʻi heʻenau velá [ʻa ia ʻe lava ke ʻuhinga heni ko e “vela ʻi he loto-holi”].” Naʻe tānaki mai ʻa Siosefa Sāmita, “Ka ʻo kapau ʻe ʻikai te nau lava ʻo nofo, tuku ke nau mali; he ʻoku lelei ange ʻa e malí ʻi ha fai angahala ʻa ha toe taha” (Liliu ʻa Siosefa Sāmita, 1 Kolinitō 7:9).
Uouangataha ʻia Sīsū Kalaisi
ʻOku tokoni ʻa e ʻātakai fakafonua mo fakahisitōlia ʻi Kolinitoó ke mahino lelei ange kiate kitautolu ʻa e faleʻi ʻa Paula ki he valá, teuteú, malí, mo e nofo taʻemalí. Naʻá ne poupouʻi ke ʻai fakafeʻunga pē, pea fakaʻehiʻehi mei he tōʻonga pe fōtunga ʻoku fuʻu tōtuʻá. ʻI he taimi naʻe pehē ai ʻe he kāingalotu ʻo e fakatahaʻangá naʻe tupu ʻenau ngaahi tōʻonga angatuʻú mei honau poto makehé, naʻe fakamahino ʻe Paula “ke ʻoua naʻa tuʻu ʻi he poto ʻo e tangatá hoʻomou tuí, ka ʻi he mālohi ʻo e ʻOtuá” (1 Kolinitō 2:5). Kuo pau ke pehē hono fakatefito ʻetau tui he ʻaho ní ʻia Sīsū Kalaisi, ka ʻoku ʻikai ko e ngaahi fakamatala makehe ʻo e ʻilo pe poto ʻi hotau anga fakafonua lolotongá. Pea te tau toki lava leva ʻo taha.