Fuakava Foʻoú ʻi hono Puipuituʻá

Ko e Moʻui ʻa e Kolo Kālelí ʻi he Kuonga ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí

Fai ʻe Matthew J. Grey

Palōfesa ʻo e Folofola Fakakuongamuʻá, ʻUnivēsiti ʻo Pilikihami ʻIongí

ʻE lava ke tokoniʻi kitautolu ʻe heʻetau ʻilo fekauʻaki mo e moʻui ʻi he kolo ʻo e ʻuluaki senitulí ʻa ia naʻe ʻafio ai ʻa Sīsuú, ke mahino lelei ange kiate kitautolu ʻEne ngaahi akonakí mo tohoakiʻi kitautolu ke tau ofi ange kiate Ia.

Ko Sīsū Kalaisi ʻi he matāfanga ʻo e Tahi Kālelí.

ʻOku lekooti ʻi he Ngaahi Kosipeli ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe Sīsū ʻa e konga lahi ʻo ʻEne moʻuí mo ʻEne ngāue ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e ngaahi kolo ʻo e kau Siú ofi ki he Tahi Kālelí, ko ha anovaimelie ʻi he fakatokelau ʻo Siuteá naʻe ʻātakaiʻi ʻe he ngaahi tafungofunga maʻulalo mo e ngaahi potu tokalelei ʻo e ngoué.¹

Naʻe ʻikai ngata pē ʻi hono ʻomi ʻe he vahefonua ko ʻení ʻa e tuʻunga fakatuʻasino, fakafonua, mo fakalotu ʻo e ngaahi taʻu ʻo e kei siʻi ʻa Sīsuú, ka ko e feituʻu foki ia naʻá Ne ui ai ʻEne fuofua kau ākongá, fakahoko ha konga lahi ʻo ʻEne ngaahi maná, pea kamata ke malanga ʻaki ʻa e “ongoongo lelei” ʻo e puleʻangá.²

ʻE lava ke tokoniʻi kitautolu ʻe heʻetau ʻilo fekauʻaki mo e moʻui ʻi he kolo ʻo e senituli ʻuluakí ke mahino lelei ange kiate kitautolu ʻEne ngaahi akonakí mo ʻomi ʻa e ngaahi talanoa ʻo e ongoongoleleí ke mahino moʻoni ʻi ha founga te ne tohoakiʻi kitautolu ke ofi ange kiate Ia.

Kakaí

ʻOku fakahaaʻi mai ʻe he folofolá, ngaahi maʻuʻanga tokoni fakahisitōliá, mo e ngaahi keli ʻo fekumi ki he kuohilí ofi ki he Tahi Kālelí, neongo naʻe nofoʻi e feituʻu ko ʻení ʻe ha niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi faʻahinga ʻo ʻIsilelí mei he fakatokelaú,³ ka naʻe nofoʻi ʻa e ngaahi kolo Kāleli ʻo e kuonga ʻo Sīsuú—hangē ko Nasaleti, Kena, Neini, Kapaneume, Solasini, mo ha niʻihi kehe—ʻi he ʻuluaki senituli ʻe ua BC, ʻi he taimi naʻe hiki ai ʻa e ngaahi fāmili Siuteá ki he fakatokelaú ko ha konga ʻo e puleʻanga Hasimoné.

ʻI he kuonga ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú, naʻe kehekehe pē ʻa e tokolahi ʻo e ngaahi kolo ko ʻení mei he toko lauiteaú ki he toko lauiafé, ko e tokolahi taha ʻo kinautolu naʻa nau kau atu ki ha faʻahinga ʻo e ngoue, toutai, mo e ngaahi ʻekitivitī fefakatauʻaki ʻa ia naʻe faʻa fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe Sīsū ʻi Heʻene ngaahi talanoa fakatātaá mo e ngaahi malangá.⁴

Ngaahi Fale

Naʻe feʻunga pē ʻa e moʻui fakaʻaho ʻi he ngaahi kolo ʻo Kālelí, tautautefito ʻi hono fakafehoanaki ki he ngaahi kolo lalahi ange ʻo e vahefonuá (hangē ko Selusalemá) mo honau ngaahi fokotuʻutuʻu faka-Lomá, founga langá, mo e feituʻu fakafiefiá.

Hangē ko ʻení, ko e ngaahi kolo Kālelí naʻe ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha palani pau, ngaahi hala tanu pe fale lalahi, ngaahi langa ʻiloa, pe naunau vai paipa. . Ka ko e lahi tahá naʻe ʻi ai ha fanga kiʻi ʻapi naʻe ʻi ai ha ngaahi lotofale ʻo tuʻu takatakai ʻi ha loto ʻataʻatā naʻa nau vahevahe ʻi hono ngāue ʻakí (ʻo ʻi ai pē ha kiʻi feituʻu ki he ngāueʻaki fakatāutahá). Naʻe langa kinautolu ʻaki ha ngaahi fuʻu maka naʻe simaʻi pea naʻe palasitaaʻi ʻa e ʻató.⁵ Pea naʻe nofo ai ha kāinga naʻa nau ngāue fakataha ʻi heʻenau ngoué, toutaí, ngāue fakameaʻá, pe ngaahi ngāue ki hono teuteuʻi ʻo e meʻatokoní.⁶

ʻI he fakaʻau ke lahi ange ʻa e ngaahi ʻapí ke feau ʻa e tupu ʻo e ngaahi fie maʻú, naʻe fakanatula pē ʻa e ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi hala kelekelé mo e fanga kiʻi hala ʻi mui ʻi he ngaahi ʻapí, naʻe efua ʻi he taimi faʻahitaʻu māfaná pea pelepela ʻi he ʻuhoʻuha ʻo e faʻahitaʻu momokó.

Moʻui ʻi ʻApí

Koeʻuhí naʻe māʻolunga ʻa e ngaahi tukuhau ʻi he vahaʻataimi ko ʻení pea ko e tokolahi taha ʻo e ngaahi fāmilí naʻe ʻikai lahi ʻenau maʻuʻanga moʻuí, naʻe ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha teuteu ʻi he ngaahi ʻapi ʻi he ngaahi kolo ʻi Kālelí, siʻisiʻi e naunau falé, pea ʻikai ha koloa.

Naʻe meimei ke teuteuʻi ʻe he mēmipa ʻo e fāmilí ha ngaahi meʻatokoni ʻo fakaʻaongaʻi ha ngaahi foʻi maka momosi mo e ʻōvani; tangutu pea mohe ʻi ha ngaahi fala naʻe faliki ʻaki e kelekelé; pea maʻu meʻatokoni mei he ʻū kulo feimeʻatokoní pea kai fakataha ʻa e meʻatokoní ʻaki hono unu e maá ʻi ha supo pe sitiu fonu vaí.

Ko e ngaahi meʻatokoni angamahení naʻe kau ai ʻa e uaine fakalotofonuá, lolo ʻōlivé, ʻakau fua iiki hangē ko e (lenitili, piini, mo e piisi), fuaʻiʻakau (kālepi, ʻōlive, fiki, mo e teiti), vesitapolo (onioni, liiki, mo e kāpisi), ika, mo e koloa ngaohi mei he huʻakaú (siisi ngaohi mei he huʻakau ʻo e kosí, pata, mo e huʻakau).

Naʻe mei maʻulalo ange ʻa e haisini ʻi he kakai Kālelí ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga moʻui ʻo onopōní, ʻi he ʻikai ha vai paipa pe fale kaukau ʻi he ngaahi nofoʻanga ko ʻení.

Ngaahi Anga Fakafonuá

Makehe mei he ʻātakai fakatuʻasino ʻo e vahefonuá, naʻe meimei nofoʻi ʻa e ngaahi kolo ʻo Kāleli ʻi he senituli ʻuluakí ʻe he ngaahi fāmili naʻa nau tauhi ʻa e tui faka-lotu faka-Siú.

Naʻa nau lea faka-Alamea (mahalo naʻe fakatahaʻi ia mo e ngaahi foʻi lea mo e kupuʻi lea faka-Hepeluú), ʻo fakafiefiaʻi e ngaahi ʻaho māʻoniʻoní hangē ko e Sāpaté (ʻa ia naʻe talitali lelei ʻaki hono tutu ha ngaahi maama lolo) pea tauhi e ngaahi fono ʻo e meʻakai ne fakamatalaʻi ʻi he Tola (Torah) ⁷ fai e ngaahi lotu faka-Siu ʻo hangē ko e Shema,⁸ tauhi ha ngaahi tuʻunga kehekehe ʻo e tuʻunga haohaoa ʻo e ouaú,⁹ fakataha ki ha falelotu siʻisiʻí,¹⁰ pea fakamatala ngutu pē ʻo tukufakaholo e ngaahi talanoa fakafolofolá mo e ngaahi akonakí.

Valá

Ko e tokolahi taha ʻo e kakai ʻo e koló naʻe ʻikai ke nau lava ʻo tui ha pulupulu lōloa pe vala lōlahi ka naʻa nau tui ʻa e vala tatau ʻo e kakai Loma Pālesitainé: ko ha kofu naʻe ngata he tuí pea ʻikai ha nima ʻo fakamaʻu ʻi he kongalotó ʻaki ha leta, senitolo leta, mo ha pulupulu naʻe takai ʻi he ongo umá ke māfana ange lolotonga ʻa e faʻahitaʻu momokó.

ʻIkai ngata aí, ka naʻe mei tui ʻe he kau tangata Siú ha pao toputapu ʻi he ngaahi tuliki ʻo honau ngaahi pulupulú (ʻikai ha fakamoʻoni ki he ngaahi tatā fakalotu ʻi he vahaʻataimi ko ʻení), pea faʻufaʻu ʻe he kakai fefine malí honau ʻulú ʻaki ha konga neti.¹¹

ʻOku ʻomi ʻe he ngaahi meʻá ni mo e ngaahi tafaʻaki kehe ʻo e moʻui fakaʻaho ʻa e kau Siú ʻi Kāleli ʻi he senituli ʻuluakí, ha vakai mahuʻinga ki he māmani naʻe moʻui ai ʻa Sīsuú, pea ʻi hono manatuʻi kinautolu ʻi heʻetau lau ʻa e ngaahi fakamatala ʻo e ongoongoleleí ʻe lava ke ne fakamaama lahi ʻetau mahino ki Heʻene ngāue ʻi he moʻui fakamatelié, ngaahi pōpoakí, mo e uiuiʻi ki he tuʻunga fakaākongá.

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Fakamatalá

1. Vakai, Ngaahi Mape ʻo e Tohi Tapú, fika 1, “Physical Map of the Holy Land,” mo e fika 11, “The Holy Land in New Testament Times”; vakai foki, Sōsiua 19 mo e ʻĪsaia 9:1.

2. Vakai, Maʻake 1:14–34; vakai foki, Mātiu 4:12–25; Luke 4:14–41.

3. Ngaahi Mape ʻo e Tohi Tapú, fika 3, “Ko e Vahevahe ʻo e Ngaahi Faʻahinga ʻe 12.”

4. Hangē ko ʻení, vakai, Maʻake 4; vakai foki, Mātiu 13; Luke 8.

5. Vakai, Maʻake 2:1–12; vakai foki, Mātiu 9:1–8.

6. Hangē ko ʻení, vakai, Maʻake 1:29–31, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻuhinga ia naʻe nofo ʻa Pita ʻi Kapaneume ʻi he ʻapi tatau pē mo hono tokoua ko ʻAniteluú mo e fāmili ʻo hono uaifí.

7. Ki he ngaahi fono fakafolofola ʻo hono tauhi ʻo e Sāpate faka-Siú, vakai, ʻEkesōtosi 20:8–10 mo e Teutalōnome 5:12–15. Ki he ngaahi lao ki he meʻakai ʻo e Tolá (Torah), vakai, Levitiko 11 (vakai foki, Ngāue 10:14).

8. Vakai ki hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe Sīsū ʻa e lotu ko ʻení mei he Teutalōnome 6:4–5 ʻi he taimi ʻoku ʻuhinga ai ki he “ʻuluaki fekaú” (Maʻake12:28–30).

9. Vakai, Levitiko 12–15; vakai foki, Maʻake 7:1–4; Sione 2:6.

10. Hangē ko ʻení, vakai, Luke 4:16.

11. Ki he pao ʻoku fie maʻu mei he kau tangata Siú, vakai, Nōmipa 15:37–39 mo e Teutalōnome 22:12 (vakai foki, Mātiu 19:20–21; 14:35–36).