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Martinez Hewlett, “Evolution: The Controversy with Creationism,” in Lindsay Jones, ed., Encyclopedia of Religion, 2nd ed., 14 vols. (New York: Macmillan, 2005), 5:2908–9; Phillip Sloan, “Darwin: From Origin of Species to Descent of Man,” in Edward N. Zalta, ed., The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Winter 2019 ed., https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/origin-descent.
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Sloan, “Darwin.”雖然物種自然演變的概念可追溯至古代哲學家,但達爾文認為,一個物種族群中的隨機突變,可能會帶來新的、更複雜的生命形式。See Phillip Sloan, “Evolutionary Thought before Darwin,” in Edward N. Zalta, ed., The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Winter 2019 ed., https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/evolution-before-darwin.
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Robert C. Fuller, “Religious Responses to Modern Science, 1865–1945,” chapter 24 in Stephen J. Stein, ed., The Cambridge History of Religions in America, 3 vols. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012), 2:523–44; see also Ronald L. Numbers, Darwinism Comes to America (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1998).
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Fuller, “Religious Responses,” 2:526–28.
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Joseph F. Smith, John R. Winder, and Anthon H. Lund, “The Origin of Man,” Improvement Era, vol. 8, no. 1 (Nov. 1909), 75–81; “What Does the Church Believe about Evolution?,” New Era, Oct. 2016, https://churchofjesuschrist.org/study/new-era/2016/10/to-the-point/what-does-the-church-believe-about-evolution.
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Joseph F. Smith, “Philosophy and the Church Schools,” The Juvenile Instructor, vol. 46, no. 4 (Apr. 1911), 208–9.
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Numbers, Darwinism Comes to America, 77–78.
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Edward J. Larson, Summer for the Gods: The Scopes Trial and America’s Continuing Debate over Science and Religion (New York: Basic Books, 1997); Stefaan Blancke, Hans Henrik Hjermitslev, and Peter C. Kjærgaard, eds., Creationism in Europe (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014), 3, 9–13, 229; Numbers, Darwinism Comes to America, 4–23, 88; Fuller, “Religious Responses,” 2:541–43.
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“‘Mormon’ View of Evolution,” Deseret News, July 18, 1925, section 3, 5; see also T. Benjamin Spackman, “The 1909 and 1925 First Presidency Statements in Historical and Scientific Contexts,” BYU Studies Quarterly, vol. 62, no. 2 (2022).
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George M. Marsden, Fundamentalism and American Culture, 2nd ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006), 3–4, 234.
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James E. Talmage, The Articles of Faith: A Series of Lectures on the Principal Doctrines of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Salt Lake City: Deseret News, 1899), 3, 30–34; John A. Widtsoe, Joseph Smith as Scientist: A Contribution to Mormon Philosophy (Salt Lake City: Young Men’s Mutual Improvement Associations General Board, 1908), 1–2, 103–14; John A. Widtsoe, “Evidences and Reconciliations: To What Extent Should the Doctrine of Evolution Be Accepted?,” Improvement Era, vol. 42, no. 7 (Jul. 1939), 417, 444–45, 447.
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Erich Robert Paul, Science, Religion, and Mormon Cosmology (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992), 179; see also Joseph Fielding Smith, “Faith Leads to a Fulness of Truth and Righteousness,” The Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, vol. 21, no. 4 (Oct. 1930), 145–158; Joseph Fielding Smith, Man: His Origin and Destiny (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1954).
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First Presidency, Memorandum to the Council of the Twelve, First Council of the Seventy, and Presiding Bishopric, 5 April 1931, Document C, in William E. Evenson and Duane E. Jeffery, Mormonism and Evolution: The Authoritative LDS Statements (Salt Lake City: Greg Kofford Books, 2005), 54–67.
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Compare Paul R. Green, comp., Science and Your Faith in God: A Selected Compilation of Writings and Talks by Prominent Latter-day Saints Scientists on the Subjects of Science and Religion (Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1958); Marion G. Romney, in Conference Report, Apr. 1959, 10; Marion G. Romney, “Records of Great Worth,” Ensign, Sept. 1980, https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1980/09/records-of-great-worth; Russell M. Nelson, “The Magnificence of Man” (Brigham Young University devotional, Mar. 29, 1987), https://speeches.byu.edu/talks/russell-m-nelson/magnificence-man; William S. Bradshaw, Andrea J. Phillips, Seth M. Bybee, Richard A. Gill, Steven L. Peck, and Jamie L. Jensen, “A Longitudinal Study of Attitudes toward Evolution among Undergraduates Who Are Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints,” PLoS One, vol. 13, no. 11 (Nov. 7, 2018), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6221276.
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See Henry J. Eyring, Mormon Scientist: The Life and Faith of Henry Eyring (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2007), 60–70; Henry Eyring, The Faith of a Scientist (Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1967); Joseph Fielding Smith, Man: His Origin and Destiny; Joseph Fielding Smith, “Evolution,” chapter 9 in Doctrines of Salvation: Sermons and Writings of Joseph Fielding Smith, 3 vols. (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1954), 1:139–51.亦見「福音的定義」,總會會長的教訓:百翰·楊,第2章,https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/teachings-brigham-young/chapter-2。
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Bertrand F. Harrison, “The Relatedness of Living Things,” The Instructor, Jul. 1965, 272–76, https://archive.org/details/instructor1007dese/page/n17/mode/2up.
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William E. Evenson, “Evolution Packet Defined,” The Daily Universe, Nov. 12, 1992, 3, in Evolution Packet, Collection on Brigham Young University Evolution Packet, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University.
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William E. Evenson, “Evolution,” in Daniel H. Ludlow, ed., The Encyclopedia of Mormonism (New York: Macmillan, 1992), 478.
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Alicia K. Stanton, “Science and Our Search for Truth,” New Era, July 2016, https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/new-era/2016/07/science-and-our-search-for-truth; “What Does the Church Believe about Evolution?,” New Era, Oct. 2016, https://churchofjesuschrist.org/study/new-era/2016/10/to-the-point/what-does-the-church-believe-about-evolution.