Faaliliuga o le Tusi a Aperaamo

Ua talia e Le Ekalesia a Iesu Keriso o le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai le tusi a Aperaamo o se tusitusiga paia. O lenei tusi, o se talafaamaumau a le perofeta ma le peteriaka o Aperaamo, e tele ina mulimuli i faamatalaga faatusi paia ae e faaopoopo i ai faamatalaga taua e faatatau i le soifuaga ma aoaoga a Aperaamo.

Vaega o papairusi, sa i ai i se taimi ia Iosefa Samita, lea o loo aofia ai le mea ua lauiloa nei o le Tusi a Aperaamo, Ata Faatusa 1.

O le tusi a Aperaamo e maua mai i se seti o mea uiga ese na tutupu faasolopito. I le taumafanafana o le 1835, sa taunuu ai se faipisinisi e igoa ia Michael Chandler i le laumua o le Ekalesia i Katelani, Ohaio, ma ni mami ma le mau taaiga o papairusi.¹ Sa faatau mai e se vaega o le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai i Katelani ni measina mo le Ekalesia. Ina ua uma ona iloilo e Iosefa Samita ia papairusi ma amata “le faaliliuga o nisi o mataitusi po o faafaailoga” o loo ta’ua i lana talafaasolopito, “sa matuai o [matou] olioli lava i le maua ai i se tasi o taaiga o tusitusiga a Aperaamo.”²

Sa galue Iosefa Samita i le faaliliuga o le tusi a Aperaamo i le taumafanafana ma le tautoulu o le 1835, o le taimi lea sa ia faamaeaina ai le mataupu muamua ma se vaega o le mataupu lona lua.³ Na sosoo ma le talanoa o lana api talaaga e uiga i le faaliliuga o papairusi i le tautotogo o le 1842, ina ua uma ona toe faamautu le Au Paia i Navu, Ilinoi. O mataupu uma e lima o le tusi a Aperaamo, faatasi ai ma ata e tolu (ua iloga nei o ata faatusa 1, 2, ma le 3), sa lolomiina i le Times and Seasons, o le nusipepa a le Ekalesia i Navu, i le va o Mati ma Me 1842.⁴

Ua ta’u mai i nisi o faamaoniga faapea sa suesue e Iosefa ia mataitusi sa i luga o le papairusi ma sa taumafai e aoaoina le gagana Aikupito. O loo lipotia mai i lana talafaasolopito faapea o Iulai 1835, sa “punouai ai pea lava i le faaliliuga o se alafapeta i le Tusi a Aperaamo, ma faatulagaina se kalama o le gagana Aikupito e pei ona sa faataitaiia e i latou anamua.”⁵ O lenei “kalama,” e pei ona sa faaigoa ai, sa aofia ai koluma o mataitusi faafaailoga sa sosoo ai ma faaliliuga faaPeretania sa tusia i se api tele e le tusiupu a Iosefa o Viiamu W. Phelps. O se isi tusiga, na tusia e Iosefa Samita ma Oliva Kaotui, e i ai mataitusi faaAikupito ma sosoo ai ma ni faamalamalamaga.⁶ O le sootaga o nei faamaumauga i le tusi a Aperaamo e le o malamalama atoatoa i ai.

Ina ua tuua e le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai ia Navu, sa tuua measina faaAikupito. Sa faatau ese atu e le aiga o Iosefa Samita ia papairusi ma mami i le 1856. E talitonu le au tusitalafaasolopito faapea o le tele o papairusi sa faatamaia i le Afi Tele i Chicago i le 1871. E sefulu ni fasi vaega sa i ai i le Perofeta o Iosefa Samita na maua i le Metropolitan Museum of Art i le Aai o Niu Ioka.⁷ I le 1967, sa toe faafoi atu ai e le falemataaga nei fasi vaega i le Ekalesia.⁸ Ua ioe le Au Suesue o Aganuu ma Measina Mamona ma le au le Mamona faapea o mataitusi o fasi vaega e le fetaui ma le faaliliuga o loo aumaia i le tusi a Aperaamo, e ui e le o i ai se maliliega o sikola e le o ni Mamona, e uiga i le faamatalatalaina lelei o ata o i nei fasi vaega.⁹

E lei faamalamalama maia lava e le Alii po o Iosefa Samita le faagasologa o le faaliliuga o le tusi a Aperaamo. Ua ta’u mai i talafaamaumau faapea o Iosefa ma isi sa suesueina ia papairusi ma sa talitonu le au matau toto’a faapea o le faaliliuga na oo mai e ala i faaaliga. E pei ona sa matauina ai e Ioane Uitimera, “sa vaai Iosefa le Tagatavaai i nei Faamaumauga ma na mafai ona faaliliuina e ala i faaaliga a Iesu Keriso.”¹⁰

O le a leai se uiga e iloilo ai le tomai o Iosefa e faaliliu ia papairusi ona na o se vaegamea o le papairusi na ia te ia o loo maua nei. Sa ta’ua e molimautino “se taaiga umi” po o ni mau “taaiga” o papairusi.¹¹ Talu ai ona sa na o ni fasi vaega sa i ai, e peiseai o le tele o papairusi sa maua e Iosefa ina o ia faaliliuina le tusi a Aperaamo e le o i ai faatasi ma nei fasi vaega.

Atonu foi o le suesueina e Iosefa Samita o papairusi na taitaia ai o ia i le mauaina o se faaaliga e uiga i mea na tutupu ma aoaoga taua o le olaga o Aperaamo, e pei lava ona ia mauaina muamua atu o se faaaliga i le olaga o Mose a o ia suesueina le Tusi Paia. O lea vaaiga ua manatu ai i se faauigaga lautele atu o upu tagata faaliliu ma le faaliliuga.¹² E tusa ai ma lea vaaiga, o le faaliliuga a Iosefa Samita e le o se faaliliuga moni o papairusi, e pei se faaliliuga masani faaagaifanua. Ae, o measina faaletino na aumaia ai se taimi mo le mafaufau loloto, toe manatunatu, ma faaaliga. Ua aumaia ai se faagasologa na avatu ai e le Atua ia Iosefa Samita se faaaliga e uiga i le soifua o Aperaamo, tusa lava pe faapea e lei fetaui lelei lena faaaliga ma mataitusi o i papairusi.¹³

O le sa’o a’ia’i ma le taua o le tusi a Aperaamo e le mafai ona faamautu i felafolafoaiga faasikola e faatatau i le faaliliuga o le tusi. O le tulaga o le tusi o se tusi e paia o loo taoto i upumoni e faavavau o loo aoao maia ma le agaga mamana o loo aumai ai. O le moni o le tusi a Aperaamo e maua tonu e ala i le suesue ma le faaeteete o ana aoaoga faatasi ai ma le tatalo faamaoni ma le faamautuuga a le Agaga.

Punaoa o le Ekalesia

O Le Tusi a Aperaamo, scriptures.lds.org.

“Translation and Historicity of the Book of Abraham,” Gospel Topics Essays, topics.lds.org.

“Folasaga i Tusiga o le Tusi a Aperaamo,” josephsmithpapers.org.

“Introduction to Egyptian Material,” josephsmithpapers.org.

Autu Fesootai: Faaliliuga a Iosefa Samita o le Tusi Paia, Faaliliuga o le Tusi a Mamona

Faamatalaga

1. Iosefa Samita, “Talafaasolopito, 1838–1856, volume B-1 [1 September 1834–2 November 1838],” 596, josephsmithpapers.org.

2. Iosefa Samita, “Talafaasolopito, 1838–1856, volume B-1 [1 September 1834–2 November 1838],” 596.

3. Brian M. Hauglid, A Textual History of the Book of Abraham: Manuscripts and Editions (Provo, Utah: Maxwell Institute, 2010), 6, 84, 110

4. Joseph Smith journal, Mar. 8–9, 1842, in Journal, December 1841–December 1842, 89, josephsmithpapers.org; “A Fac-Simile from the Book of Abraham” and “A Translation,” Times and Seasons, Mar. 1, 1842, 703–6, josephsmithpapers.org; “The Book of Abraham,” Times and Seasons, Mar. 15, 1842, 719–22, josephsmithpapers.org; and “A Fac-Simile from the Book of Abraham” and “Explanation of Cut on First Page,” Times and Seasons, May 16, 1842, 783–84.

5. Iosefa Samita, “Talafaasolopito, 1838–1856, volume B-1 [1 September 1834–2 November 1838],” 597.

6. O faaliliuga ma ata faafuainumera o nei tusiga, ua lauiloa faatasi o “Kirtland Egyptian Papers,” can be found at “Book of Abraham and Egyptian Material,” josephsmithpapers.org

7. John Gee, A Guide to the Joseph Smith Papyri (Provo, Utah: Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, 2000), 2. Ua lauiloa fasi vaega o se vaega o papairusi o loo umia e le Ekalesia ona sa faapipii i luga o pepa faatasi ai ma uluai faamaumauga a Mamona, ia e ogatusa ma faamatalaga faaneionapo o le faailoaina o papairusi.

8. Jay M. Todd, “New Light on Joseph Smith’s Egyptian Papyri,” Improvement Era, Feb. 1968, 40–41. O se isi fasi vaega sa maua i le Ofisa o le Ekalesia pe tusa o le taimi lava e tasi na maua ai i Metropolitan, ma maua ai le 11 fasi vaega atoa uma.

9. Kerry Muhlestein, “Egyptian Papyri and the Book of Abraham: A Faithful, Egyptological Point of View,” and Brian M. Hauglid, “Thoughts on the Book of Abraham,” both in Robert L. Millet, ed., No Weapon Shall Prosper: New Light on Sensitive Issues (Provo, Utah: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University, 2011), 217–58. E uiga i le le lava o le autasi o Tagata Suesue o Aganuu, mo se faataitaiga, John Gee, “A Method for Studying the Facsimiles,” FARMS Review, vol. 19, no. 1 (2007), 348–51, and Hugh Nibley, The Message of the Joseph Smith Papyri: An Egyptian Endowment, 2nd ed. (Provo, Utah: Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, 2005), 51–53. Mo le faaliliuga ma faamatalaga e uiga i fasi vaega, tagai Michael D. Rhodes, Books of the Dead Belonging to Tschemmin and Neferirnub: A Translation and Commentary (Provo, Utah: Maxwell Institute, 2010); Michael D. Rhodes, The Hor Book of Breathings: A Translation and Commentary (Provo, Utah: Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, 2002); and Nibley, Message of the Joseph Smith Papyri, 34–50.

10. “John Whitmer, History, 1831–ca 1837,” 76, josephsmithpapers.org.

11. Hauglid, Textual History of the Book of Abraham, 213–14, 222.

12. Richard Lyman Bushman, “Joseph Smith as Translator,” in Believing History: Latter-day Saint Essays, edited by Reid L. Neilson and Jed Woodworth (New York: Columbia University Press, 2004), 233–47; Nibley, Message of the Joseph Smith Papyri, 51–59.

13. E ala i se talafaatusatusa, e foliga mai o le Tusi Paia o se auala masani lea mo faaaliga a Iosefa Samita e uiga i fesootaiga a le Atua ma Lona nuu anamua o le feagaiga. O le suesueina e Iosefa o le tusi o Kenese, mo se faataitaiga, na uunaia ai faaaliga e uiga i soifuaga ma aoaoga a Atamu, Eva, Mose, ma Enoka, o loo maua i aso nei i le tusi a Mose.