Nuu o Paionia

A o mataituina e le tele o alii o le malo le vaega tele o Amerika i Matu i Sisifo ma le naunau e faalautele le Iunaite Setete, na vaai Iosefa Samita i le mafaia e le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai ona faatuina ma faalauteleina Siona.¹ Toe fa masina ae lei maliu, na uunaia ai e Iosefa le Korama a Aposetolo e Toasefululua ia saili atu nisi nuu i Kalefonia ma Oregon, ma le manatu i le ala e mafai ai e le Au Paia ona ono “fausia se aai i se aso” ma “faia se [malo] a i tatou lava.”² Ae lei fasiotia ma i le mavae ai foi o le maliu o Iosefa i le 1844, na fuafuaina ai e le Aufono o le Limagafulu ni vaega eseese mo ni nuu, ma iu lava ina filifilia ia vanu mauga e lata ane i le Vaituloto Masima Tele. O a latou fuafuaga na faateteleina le faanatinati i le 1846 i le mavae ai ona faamalosi atu taitai o le setete o Ilinoi i le Au Paia ia tuua Navu.³

I totonu o se sefulu tausaga, na faatulagaina ai e le Au Paia na taitaia i sisifo e Polika Iaga se vaega tele mo le nonofo ai i totonu ma autafa o le Vanu o le Vaituloto Masima Tele.⁴ Ina ua faatoa ulufale atu i le eria, na masani ona tau atu le Au Paia i nuu o Tagatanuu Amerika o loo nonofo ai i le laueleele. E ui i o latou faamoemoe o le nonofo feoeoeai faatasi, na tele ina faaletonu o latou sootaga ma Tagatanuu o Amerika, ae maise lava le eseese ona taulimaina e vaega e lua o le laueleele ma punaoa ma o nisi taimi sa feteenai. I le mulimuli ai i ni mamanu e lautele atu o nuu, na masani ona maua e le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai ma galueaiina soo se fanua lava na latou filifilia mo le nonofo ai. O le faateleina ma le toatele o nuu o le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai i le eria na o ese ai vaega o Tagatanuu e toatele mai o latou laueleele.⁵

E oo atu i le amataga o tausaga o le 1860, ua faitau taseni nuu na mulimuli i se mamanu o taulaga na musuia e faaaliga ma mamanu na faatulagaina e Iosefa Samita i le va o le Vanu o Bear Lake i matu ma St. George i saute, e i totonu uma lava o le 300 maila (480 kilomita) o le Aai o Sate Leki.⁶ I le taimi o le au peresitene a Polika Iaga (1847 - 1877), o taumafaiga faakolone na faalautele atu agai i le Vasa Pasefika, na taitai atu i ni nuu fou na faasolo atu i San Bernadino, Kalefonia, ma i polokalama fou o mea tautupe ma misiona tauatinae ae lei oo i le 1860. E ui lava i le le lelei o le eleele, tele le papa, ma utiuti le vai e oo atu i le salafa o le tele o nuu, na faatumauina e nuu paionia se aofaiga e silia ma le 96,000 i le 1870, ma le 11 siteki na faatulagaina i Idaho ma Iuta. E oo atu i le faaiuga o le seneturi, ua maua e le Au Paia pe a ma le 500 nuu i le salafa o Vaimauga i Sisifo.⁷

Nuu i Idaho Falls, Idaho, pe a o le 1866-1906.

Na faaiu le vaitau o paionia i le Teritori o Iuta i le taunuu mai o le auala nofoaafi i le 1869 ma le sosolo atu pea o laina o auala nofoaafi i le itu atoa.⁸ E ui i lea, na faaauau pea taumafaiga i le sailia o nuu, faatasi ai ma kolone a le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai i Mekisiko ma Kanata i le vaitau o le 1880.⁹ E oo atu i le faaiuga o le seneturi lona 19, ua tau leai ni nuu fou o le Au Paia o Aso e Gata Ai, ma na liliu atu le Au Paia i le faaleleia o le lotu, aiga, ma olaga faalenuu i soo se mea na latou nonofo ai.

Punaoa o le Ekalesia

“The Settlement in the West,” Teachings of Presidents of the Church: Brigham Young (1997), 101–10.

Leonard J. Arrington, “Colonizing the Great Basin,” Ensign, Feb. 1980, 18–22.

Talaaga o le Soifuaga

O lomiga nei o loo tuuina atu ai nisi faamatalaga e uiga i lenei autu. I le faasinoina atu po o le faafesootaia o oe i nei punaoa, matou te le faamaonia pe faamautinoa atu le anomea po o manatu o tusitala.

Richard H. Jackson, “Intermountain Colonization, 1847–1899,” in Brandon S. Plewe, ed., Mapping Mormonism: An Atlas of Latter-day Saint History (Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 2012), 96–97.

Richard H. Jackson, “Geography and Settlement in the Intermountain West: Creating an American Mecca,” Journal of the West, vol. 33, no. 3 (July 1994), 22–34.

Autu Fesootai: Colonies in Mexico [Kolone i Mekisiko], Salt Lake Valley, Utah, Zion/New Jerusalem

Faamatalaga

1. Tagai Autu: Zion/New Jerusalem [Siona/Ierusalema Fou].

2. O isi nuu na mafaufau loloto i ai ma na iu lava ina sailiilia, e aofia ai Texas. Jedediah S. Rogers, “The Council of Fifty in Western History,” in Matthew J. Grow and R. Eric Smith, eds., The Council of Fifty: What the Records Reveal about Mormon History (Provo, Utah: Religious Studies Center, 2017), 168–69; “The Council of Fifty in Nauvoo, Illinois,” in Introduction to Administrative Records: Volume 1, josephsmithpapers.org. Tagai foi i Autu: Deaths of Joseph and Hyrum Smith [Maliu o Iosefa ma Ailama Samita], Council of Fifty.

3. Tagai i le Autu: Malaga Ese mai Navu.

4. Tagai i Autu: Pioneer Trek [Auala savali a Paionia], Brigham Young, Salt Lake Valley, Utah.

5. Tagai i Autu: American Indians [Initia Amerika], Indian Slavery and Indentured Servitude, Sagwitch.

6. Richard H. Jackson, “Intermountain Colonization, 1847–1899,” in Brandon S. Plewe, ed., Mapping Mormonism: An Atlas of Latter-day Saint History (Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 2012), 96–97.

7. Tagai i Autu: Emigration [Faigamalaga], Cooperative Movement, United Orders. Tagai foi: Richard H. Jackson, “Utah’s Harsh Lands, Hearth of Greatness,” Utah Historical Quarterly, vol. 49, no. 1 (Winter 1981), 4–25; Richard H. Jackson, “Geography and Settlement in the Intermountain West: Creating an American Mecca,” Journal of the West, vol. 33, no. 3 (Jul. 1994), 22–34; Plewe, ed., Mapping Mormonism, 96, 120.

8. Tagai i le Autu: Auala Nofoaafi.

9. Tagai i le Autu: Colonies in Mexico [Kolone i Mexico].