ʻAmanitā Pānisi Sāmita

ʻOku ʻiloa ʻa ʻAmanitā Pānisi Sāmita (1809–86) ʻi he hisitōlia ʻo e Kāingalotu ʻi he kamataʻangá ki heʻene maʻu ha ueʻi fakalaumālie naʻe tokoniʻi ai ia ke ne faitoʻo ʻa e kafo hono foha ko ʻAlamaá, ʻo ne toe ake ʻo moʻui lelei hili e fakapō fakatokolahi he 1838 ʻi Hauni Milá, ʻa ia naʻe fakapoongi ai hono husepāniti ko Uālení mo hono foha ko Sātisí ʻe he kau fakatangá.¹

Tā ʻo ʻAmanitā Pānisi Sāmita.

ʻI he angalelei ʻa e Laipeli Hisitōlia mo e ʻĀkaivi ʻa e Siasí

Naʻe fāʻeleʻi ʻa ʻAmanitā Pānisi Sāmita ʻi Pēketi, Masasūseti, ko ha kolo ne fāʻeleʻi ai mo ha niʻihi kehe ʻo e Kāingalotu ʻi he kamataʻangá, ʻo kau ai ʻa ʻĪlisa R. Sinou, Sela Kilivileni, mo e fuofua husepāniti ʻo ʻAmanitaá, ko Uāleni Sāmita. Naʻe hiki ʻa e fāmili takitaha ki he fanga kiʻi kolo nofoʻi ʻi he “Tataliʻanga Fakahihifó,” ʻa ia ʻoku ui ko ʻOhaiō ʻi he ʻaho ní. ʻI he 1826, naʻe mali ai ʻa ʻAmanitā mo Uāleni, pea naʻe ʻi ai haʻana fānau ʻe toko nima.² Naʻá ne kau ki ha fakatahaʻanga lotu ʻo e Kau Ākonga ʻa Kalaisí ne taki ai ʻa Sitenei Likitoni mo ʻOasoni Haiti. ʻI he 1831, naʻe kau ai ʻa ʻAmanitā mo Uāleni ki he Siasi kuo fakafoki maí, pea ne fakafepakiʻi ai kinaua ʻe he niʻihi hona fāmilí mo e kakai ʻo e koló.³ Naʻe hiki leva ʻa e fāmili Sāmitá ki Ketilani, fakatau ai honau ʻapi, mo tokoni ki he Sōsaieti Malu ʻa Ketilaní mo e langa temipalé. Naʻe mole hona kelekelé mo ʻena koloá koeʻuhí ko e ʻikai ola lelei e Sōsaieti Malu ʻa Ketilaní peá na mavahe mei ʻOhaiō ke kau fakataha mo e Kāingalotu ʻi he Vahefonua Kolotiuelá, ʻi Mīsuli, ʻi he 1838. ʻI heʻena fonongá, ne taʻofi hona fāmilí ʻe ha kau fakatanga kuo ʻosi fakamahafu pea nau faʻao ʻenau ʻū meʻafaná. ʻI he ʻaho 30  ʻo ʻOkatopá, naʻe nofo kemi ai ʻa e fāmili Sāmitá ʻi Hauni Mila. Ko e taimi fakaloloma ʻeni, naʻe hoko ai hono ʻohofia ʻe he kau fakatangá e nofoʻangá. Naʻe hao moʻui pē ʻa ʻAmanitā, mo hono ongo ʻōfefine ko ʻAlavilá mo ʻŌtenisia kae pehē ki hono foha ko Uiliaté, kae fakapoongi fakatouʻosi hono husepāniti ko Uālení, mo hono foha ko Sātisí. Naʻe fanaʻi hono foha siʻisiʻi ko ʻAlamaá ʻi hono konga lotó. ʻI he fie maʻu vivili ʻe ʻAmanitā ha tokoní, naʻá ne lotu ʻo ne maʻu ha ueʻi fakalaumālie ki he founga ke ngaohi mo lalava ha faitoʻo ki he matakafó. Naʻe fakaofo hono fakamoʻui e hokotanga huí, pea naʻe fakaakeake kakato ʻa ʻAlamā.

ʻI he hili e fakapō fakatokolahí, naʻe kei nofo pē ʻa ʻAmanitā mo ʻene fānau ʻe toko fā kuo nau hao moʻuí ʻi he feituʻú ni, kuo mole ʻa e meʻa kotoa ki he kau fakatangá. Naʻá ne fakahoko mo ha kau fefine Māmonga kehe ha fakataha lotu fakaʻaho kae ʻoua kuo taʻofi kinautolu ʻe he kau fakafepaki fakalotofonuá.⁴ ʻI he taimi kotoa pē naʻe fakamanamanaʻi ai ʻe he kau fakafepaki ki he Māmongá ʻa ʻAmanitaá, naʻá ne lea ʻo maluʻi maʻu pē hono fāmilí. ʻI ha taimi ʻe niʻihi, naʻá ne maʻu ai ha tokoni mei he kau fakatangá, ʻo kau ai ha kakanoʻi puaka kuo fahifahi, “ko ha feilaulau kakanoʻi manu ke fakamolemoleʻi ʻaki ʻenau taumuʻa mousaʻá” mo ha mahoaʻa pauni 50 ki mui ai. Naʻa nau toe fakangofua foki ʻa [ʻAmanitā] ke toe fakafoki ki ai ʻene fanga hoosi naʻe kaihaʻasí ʻi he taimi naʻá ne mateuteu ai mo hono fāmilí ke nau mavahe mei Mīsulí.⁵

Naʻe fononga ʻa e fāmili Sāmitá ki Kuinisī, ʻIlinoisi, ʻa ia naʻe faiako ai ʻa ʻAmanitā. ʻI he 1839, naʻá ne mali ai mo Uāleni Sāmita (ʻikai haʻana pīkinga mo hono ʻuluaki malí), ko ha tangata uitou mo e fānau ʻe toko nima. Naʻe hiki ʻa e ongo fāmilí ki Nāvū, ʻa ia naʻe ngāue ai ʻa Uāleni ko ha tangata tufunga ukamea. Lolotonga ʻa e taimi ko ení, naʻe toe fāʻeleʻi ai ʻe ʻAmanitā ha fānau ʻe toko tolu. Naʻe fakaʻau ke toe kovi ange ʻena nofomalí he naʻe kamata ke ngaohikovia mo taʻefaitotonu ʻa Uāleni kia ʻAmanitā, ʻo toe ʻi ai ʻene fānau ʻaʻana ʻe toko ua mo ha fefine kehe. Naʻe mavahe ʻa ʻAmanitā meiate ia ʻi Tīsema ʻo e 1850, ko e hili ia ha ngaahi māhina siʻi mei heʻenau tūʻuta ʻi ʻIutaá. ʻI ha ngaahi taʻu kimuʻa ai, naʻe ongoʻi ʻe ʻAmanitā ha ueʻi mei he Laumālié ke ne sila kia Siosefa Sāmita. Hili hono fakaʻatā ʻa e vete fakalao ʻa ʻAmanitā meia Uālení, naʻe hoko ʻa Pilikihami ʻIongi ko ha fakafofonga ʻi hono silaʻi ʻo ʻAmanitā kia Siosefa Sāmitá.⁶

Naʻe kau ʻa ʻAmanitā ki ha ngaahi ʻekitivitī kehekehe ʻa e Siasí mo e koló ʻi he kotoa ʻo ʻene moʻuí. ʻI he hoko ʻa ʻAmanitā ko e mēmipa ʻo e Kautaha Fineʻofa ʻo Nāvuú, naʻá ne kau fakataha ai mo ʻEma Sāmita pea mo ʻIlisa R. Sinou ʻi he 1842 hono ʻoatu ha tohi tangi ki he kōvana ʻIlinoisí ki hono maluʻi ʻo Siosefa Sāmitá.⁷ Naʻe kamata ke kau fakataha ʻa ʻAmanitā ʻi Soleki Siti mo e Kautaha Fineʻofa ʻa e Kau ʻInitiá ʻi he konga kimuʻa ʻo e 1854, ʻo tokoni ki he kau ʻInitia ʻAmelika fakalotofonuá. Naʻá ne hoko kimui ai ko ha tokoni ʻi he kau palesitenisī ʻo e Fineʻofa ʻi he uōtí ʻi Soleki Siti mei he 1868 ki he 1879. Lolotonga ʻa e 1870 tupú mo e 1880 tupú, naʻe hoko ʻa ʻAmanitā ko ha tokotaha taukave ʻo e Siasí mo taukapoʻi e totonu ʻa e kakai fefiné ke pālotí.⁸ Naʻe manatua ia ko “ha tokotaha ngāue ʻosikiavelenga … ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e kakai masivá mo mahakiʻiá ʻi he tokoni ki heʻenau ngaahi fie maʻu fakalaumālié mo fakatuʻasinó fakatouʻosi.”⁹

Naʻe nofo ʻa ʻAmanitā ʻi Soleki Siti ʻi he ngaahi taʻu fakaʻosi ʻo ʻene moʻuí, ʻa ia naʻe vikia ai ia ko ha “mateaki līʻoa ʻi Saione.”¹⁰ Naʻá ne maʻu ha fiemālie lahi ʻi he faivelenga ʻa ʻene fānaú. Koeʻuhi ko ʻene fokoutua ʻi he mamateá, naʻá ne hiki ai ʻo nofo fakataha mo ʻene tama fefiné ʻi Lisimoni, ʻIutā, ʻa ia naʻá ne toki pekia ai ʻi he 1886.¹¹ Naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻe ʻAmanitā ʻa ʻene moʻuí ko ha “moʻui fonu he fiefia mo e faingataʻa. Ne u inu ʻi he ipu fonu ʻo e lotomamahí mo e faingataʻaʻiá, ʻo hangē pē ko ʻeku anuanu ʻi he ngaahi tāpuaki ʻo ha ʻOtua ʻaloʻofa mo tokaimaʻananga.”¹²

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Tokoni ʻa e Siasí

“Minutes of ‘Great Indignation Meeting,’ January 13, 1870,” ʻi he Jill Mulvay Derr, Carol Cornwall Madsen, Kate Holbrook, and Matthew J. Grow, eds., The First Fifty Years of Relief Society: Key Documents in Latter-day Saint Women’s History (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press, 2016), 319–20; churchhistorianspress.org.

“Amanda Melissa Barnes Smith Smith,” ʻi he Derr, Cornwall, Holbrook, and Grow, First Fifty Years, 673; churchhistorianspress.org.

“Blessings amidst Tragedy,” Museum Treasures series, Mar. 11, 2015, history.lds.org.

“Amanda Barnes Smith,” Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel, history.lds.org/overlandtravel.

Ngaahi Fakamatalá

ʻOku ʻoatu ʻe he pulusinga ko ʻení ha fakamatala lahi ange fekauʻaki mo e tefito ko ʻení. ʻI hono tuku atu pe fakafehokotaki kimoutolu ki he maʻuʻanga tokoni ko ʻení, ʻoku ʻikai ke mau poupouʻi pe fakapapauʻi atu e kanotohí pe ngaahi fakakaukau ʻa e kau faʻu tohí.

Amanda Barnes Smith autobiography, 1858, Church History Library, Salt Lake City.

Emmeline B. Wells, “Amanda Smith,” Woman’s Exponent, vol. 9, nos. 21–24 (Apr. 1–May 15, 1881), 165, 173, 181–82, 189–90.

Alexander L. Baugh, “‘I’ll Never Forsake’: Amanda Barnes Smith (1809–1886),” in Richard E. Turley Jr. and Brittany A. Chapman, eds., Women of Faith in the Latter Days: Volume One, 1775–1820 (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2011), 327–42.

Maʻuʻanga Fakamatalá

1. Vakai ki he Tefito fekauʻakí, “Fakapō Fakatokolahi ʻi Hauni Milá”; vakai foki ki he James E. Faust, “The Shield of Faith,” Ensign, May 2000, 17–19.

2. “Amanda Melissa Barnes Smith Smith,” ʻi he Jill Mulvay Derr, Carol Cornwall Madsen, Kate Holbrook, and Matthew J. Grow, eds., The First Fifty Years of Relief Society: Key Documents in Latter-day Saint Women’s History (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press, 2016), 673; churchhistorianspress.org.

3. ʻI he fononga ʻa e fāmili Sāmitá ki Mīsulí, naʻá nau tuʻu ʻi ʻEmihēsiti, ʻOhaiō ke feʻiloaki fakamāvae mo honau ngaahi fāmilí. Naʻe talaange ʻe he faʻē ʻa ʻAmanitaá kiate ia ʻoku ʻikai ke ne toe loto ke toe sio pe fanongo kiate ia. Alexander L. Baugh, “‘I’ll Never Forsake’: Amanda Barnes Smith (1809–1886),” ʻi he Richard E. Turley Jr. and Brittany A. Chapman, eds., Women of Faith in the Latter Days: Volume One, 1775–1820 (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2011), 330–31.

4. Naʻe ʻalu ʻa ʻAmanitā ki ha ngoue koane ke lotu ai. Naʻe ongo mai ha leʻo ʻo fakalau ange kiate ia ʻa e veesi hono fitu ʻo ha himi faka-Palotisani, “ʻE Kāinga Kuo Langa Ha Tuʻunga,” ʻa ia naʻá ne fakafiemālieʻi ia mo fakamālohia ʻene tuí. Edward W. Tullidge, The Women of Mormondom (New York: Tullidge and Crandall, 1877), 129–30.

5. Amanda Barnes Smith autobiography, 1858, Church History Library, Salt Lake City; Tullidge, Women of Mormondom, 131–32.

6. Hulda Cordelia Thurston Smith, “O My Children and Grandchildren,” Nauvoo Journal, vol. 4, no. 2 (Fall 1992).

7. Naʻe hiki ʻe ʻEmeline B. Uele “ko e fuofua misiona ʻeni ʻi he faʻahinga ko ʻení kuo fakahoko ʻe he houʻeiki fafine ʻo e Siasí ni.” “Amanda Smith,” Woman’s Exponent, vol. 10, no. 2 (June 15, 1881), 13.

8. “Minutes of ‘Great Indignation Meeting,’ January 13, 1870” and Eliza R. Snow and others, Letter to Stephen A. Mann, Feb. 19, 1879, ʻi he Derr, Cornwall, Holbrook, and Grow, First Fifty Years, 319–20, 350–51.

9. Emmeline B. Wells, “Amanda Smith,” Woman’s Exponent, vol. 10, no. 5 (Aug. 1, 1881), 37.

10. Wells, “Amanda Smith,” Woman’s Exponent, vol. 10, no. 5 (Aug. 1, 1881), 37.

11. “Death of a Veteran Lady,” Deseret News, July 14, 1886, 403.

12. Amanda Barnes Smith autobiography, 1858, Church History Library, Salt Lake City.