Tau ‘a Mekisikou mo ʻAmeliká

‘I he vahaʻa ʻo e 1846 mo e 1848— taimi tatau tofu pē mo e taimi ne kamata ke hikifonua ai e Kau Māʻonioni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ki he teleʻa ʻo e Ano Māsima Lahí---ne tau ai ʻa e ʻIunaiteti Siteiti ʻo ʻAmeliká mo Mekisikou ʻo ne liliu e funga ʻo e fonuá fakasōsiale mo fakapolitikale ʻi he Noate ‘Amelika Hihifó. Naʻe ʻikai ngata pē he Kāingalotú ne nau aʻusia e ngaahi nunuʻa ʻo e tau ko ʻení ʻi heʻenau feinga ke toe hiki pea ke langa honau ngaahi nofoʻangá, ka ko e niʻihi ne kau foki ʻi he tau ko ʻení ko e kau sōtia ʻi he Kautau Māmongá.

Naʻe kamata ʻa e taú ʻi ha fakakikihi ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ongo fonuá fekauʻaki mo e Lepāpulika ʻo Tekisisí, ko ha vahefonua lahi ʻi lotomālie ʻi he konitinēniti ko ia ne fakakikihiʻi ʻe he kau Sipeiní, Mekisikoú, kakai lanu hinehina ne nau nofo ai mei he ʻIunaiteti Siteití, mo e kau Komanisesí. ʻI he taimi ne loto ai e Falealea ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití ke hoko ʻa e Lepāpulika ʻo Tekisisí ko ha Siteití pea talí, naʻe fakafisingaʻi ʻe Mekisikou ʻe ʻikai lava ke hoko ha meʻa pehē. Ne kovi ange e fakakikihí ʻi he kauʻāfonua takai ʻi Lio Kalaní, pea ʻi he 1846 naʻe pole tau ʻa e Falealeá ki Mekisikou.

‘I he taimi ko ʻení, naʻe ongoʻi ʻe he Kau Mā‘oni‘oni ‘i he Ngaahi ‘Aho Kimui Ní, ʻa ē naʻe toki tuli fakamālohiʻi ke nau mavahe mei honau ngaahi ʻapí ʻi ʻIlinoisí, naʻe kākaaʻi kinautolu ʻe he puleʻanga ʻIuniteti Siteití pea mo e kakai ʻAmelika tokolahi. ʻI he konga kimuʻa ʻo e taʻu 1846, ne ʻosi mavahe e tokolahi taha ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní mei honau ngaahi ʻapi ʻi loto ʻIlinoisí pe takatakai aí ʻo fakataumuʻa ke nau nofo ʻi he vahefonua ʻo e Ano Māsima Lahí, ʻa ia naʻe hoko ʻi he taimi koiá koe konga ʻo Mekisikou. Hili e fanongonongo ‘o e taú, naʻe fakalotoʻi ʻe ha taki ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ʻa Palesiteni Sēmisi K. Poloko ke fokotuʻu ha kautau sōtia ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ki he taú. ʻE tokoni ʻa e vahe ʻa e kau sōtiá ke totongi ʻa e hikifonua ʻa e Kāingalotú ki he hihifó. Naʻe poupouʻi ʻe Pilikihami ʻIongi ʻa e kau mēmipa ʻo e kongakaú ke ʻoua te nau “talanoa fakakikihi” mo e kakai ʻo Mekisikoú, ke “fai lelei ki he kau pōpulá ʻaki e fakaʻapaʻapa lahi tahá,” pea ʻoua naʻa tamateʻi ha taha kapau ʻe malava.¹ ʻI he fakaʻosingá, naʻe ʻikai teitei kau ʻa e kongakaú ʻi he taú.

Naʻe ʻohofi ʻe he Kautau ʻa ʻAmeliká ʻa Mekisikou ʻi he konga kimuʻa ʻo e 1847 pea puke pōpula ʻa Mekisikou Siti ʻi he taʻu pē ko iá. ʻI he 1848 naʻe felotoi e ongo fonuá ki he Talite ʻo Kuatalupe Hitalakoó, ʻa ia ne fakangata ai e taú pea ʻave ha konga fonua lahi ʻaupito ki he ʻIunaiteti Siteití, kau ai ʻa e vahefonua naʻe fili ʻe he Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ke nau nofo aí. Naʻe hoko ha konga ʻo e feituʻu naʻe foaki ki he ʻIunaiteti Siteití ko e Vahefonua ʻIutaá ʻi he 1850. Naʻe toe ʻi he malumalu ʻo e mafai fakapolitikale ʻo e puleʻanga ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití ʻa e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní, ʻa ē ne nau hola mei he ʻIunaiteti Siteití ki he Hihifó, naʻe toe foki mai e niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi faingataʻa ne nau fehangahangai mo ia he taʻu ʻe hongofulu kuohilí. Naʻe koviange e fekeʻikeʻí ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e kau ʻōfisa fakavahefonua kuo filí mo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ki hono puleʻi ʻo e puleʻanga fakalotofonuá pea mo e tauʻatāina fakalotú.²

Naʻe fakatupu ʻe he toe tānaki mai ʻo e ngaahi vahefonua ʻo e fakahihifó pea mo e Fakavave ki he Koula ʻo Kalefōniá ʻa e hikifonua maí pea toe lahi ange ʻa e fefonongaʻakí mo e fefakatauʻakí ki he ngaahi komiunitī ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní.³ Naʻe hanga ʻe he liliu fakasōsiale mo fakapolitikale ʻo e funga ʻo e fonuá ʻo fakaava ha ngaahi faingamālie foʻou maʻá e Kāingalotú, ʻi heʻenau feinga ke fokotuʻu ha ngaahi pisinisi ʻe tuʻuloá mo ha ngaahi kolo ʻe tuʻumaʻu ʻa ia ʻe hoko ko e siteiti ʻo ʻIutaá, Nevata, ʻAlisona, mo Kalefōniá.⁴

Ngaahi Fakamatalá

ʻOku ʻoatu ʻe he pulusinga ko ʻení ha fakamatala lahi ange fekauʻaki mo e tefito ko ʻení. ʻI hono tuku atu pe fakafehokotaki kimoutolu ki he ngaahi maʻuʻanga tokoni ko ʻení, ʻoku ʻikai ke mau fakamoʻoniʻi pe fakapapauʻi atu e kanotohí pe ngaahi fakakaukau ʻa e kau faʻu tohí.

Daniel Walker Howe, “The War Against Mexico,” ʻi he What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007), 744–91.

Larry C. Porter, “The Church and the Mexican-American War,” ʻi he Robert C. Freeman, ed., Nineteenth-Century Saints at War (Provo, Utah: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University, 2006), 41–76, 41–76.

Ngaahi Tefito Fekauʻakí: Fakavave ki he Koula ʻo Kalefōniá, Kautau Māmongá, Mekisikou, Ngaahi Kolonia ‘o Mekisikoú

Ngaahi Fakamatalá

1. ʻI he Manuscript History of the Mormon Battalion, July 18, 1846, 1–2, Church History Library, Salt Lake City. Vakai ki he Tefitó: Kautau Māmongá.

2. Vakai ki he Tefitó: Fale Alea ʻo hono Fakafepakiʻi e Mali Tokolahí.

3. Vakai ki he Ngaahi Tefitó: Fakavave ki he Koula ʻo Kalefōniá; Halanga Lēlué.

4. Vakai, Ngaahi Tefitó: Tuʻunga Fakaʻekonōmika ʻo e Kau Paioniá; Ngaahi Nofoʻanga ʻo e Kau Paioniá.