Fane ʻAlisa

Naʻe fāʻeleʻi ʻa Fane ʻAlisa ʻi he 1816 kia Samuela mo Koloisa ʻAlisa, naʻá ne kau mo hono fāmilí ki he Siasí ʻi he konga kimuʻa ʻo e 1830 tupú pea naʻá ne ngāue ʻi he ʻapi ʻo Siosefa Sāmitá ʻi Ketilani, ʻOhaiō.¹ Naʻe pehē ʻe ha Kāingalotu tokolahi ʻa ia naʻa nau nofo ʻi Ketilani ʻi he 1830 tupú, naʻe mali ʻa Fane ʻAlisa mo Siosefa Sāmita, ʻo ne hoko ai ko e fuofua uaifi tokolahi ʻo Siosefá.² Naʻe taimi nounou pē ʻa e nofo-malí. ʻI he 1836, naʻe mavahe ai ʻa Fane mo ʻene ongomātuʻá mei ʻOhaiō ke ō ki Mīsuli, naʻe mahino naʻa nau nofo ʻi ha fale kalapu ʻa e fāmili ʻo Solomone Kasitaá ʻi Tupilini, ʻInitiana.³ Hili ha ngaahi māhina siʻi mei ai, naʻe mali ʻa Fane mo Solomone.⁴ Naʻá ne nofo ai pē ʻi Tupilini kae hoko atu e fononga ʻene ongomātuʻá ki Hihifo Mamaʻo, Mīsulí. Naʻe muimui e fāmili ʻo Fané ʻi he kulupu Kāingalotu tokolahi taha mei Mīsuli ki ʻIlinoisí pea iku ki he fakatonga ʻo ʻIutaá. ʻI he taimi naʻe mālōlō ai e tamai ʻa Fané, ko ha pēteliake, ʻi he 1870 tupú, naʻe hā ʻi he fakamatala ki heʻene pekiá ʻa e tui faivelenga ʻa hono fāmilí.⁵

Naʻe maʻu ʻe Fane mo Solomone ha fānau ʻe toko hiva, ko ha toko ua pē naʻá na moʻui ʻo fuoloa ange ʻi he moʻui ʻa Fané. Naʻe fakalele ʻe he fāmili Kasitaá ha falekoloa ʻi Tupilini pea naʻa nau ʻinivesi ʻi ha fahiʻanga papa ofi mai ʻi Luisivili.⁶ Naʻe hiki ʻa e fāmilí ki Luisivili lolotonga e taimi tō lalo fakapaʻangá, pea naʻe feinga ʻa Solomone ke fakatau atu ʻa e fahiʻanga papá ka naʻe iku pē ʻo hulu fau ʻa e molé.⁷ Naʻe toe hiki ʻa Fane mo Solomone ki Tupilini, ʻa ia ne na nofo ai pē ai ʻo aʻu ki he mālōlō ʻa Solomone ʻi he 1885.⁸

Naʻe maʻulotu ʻa Fane mo Solomone ʻi he Siasi Fakamāmani Lahí (Universalist) ʻa ia naʻe tokoni e tamai ʻa Solomoné ki hono fokotuʻú. ʻI he ngaahi taʻu kimui ange ʻi he moʻui ʻa Fané, naʻá ne saiʻia foki ʻi he tui fakafaʻahikehé.⁹ Hili e mālōlō ʻa Solomoné, naʻe hiki ʻa Fane ki ʻInitianapolisi ke nofo mo hono foha ko Lafaeté. Naʻá ne mālōlō ʻi he 1889 pea naʻe tanu ia ʻi Tupilini ʻi he tafaʻaki ʻo Solomoné ʻi ha konga kelekele naʻe huo [ʻe Solomone] ʻi heʻene kei siʻí.¹⁰

Vā Fetuʻutaki mo Siosefa Sāmitá

ʻOku siʻi ʻaupito e ʻilo fekauʻaki mo e nofo-mali ʻa Siosefa Sāmita mo Fane ʻAlisá. Naʻe hā ʻa e fuofua fakamatalá ʻi he hili pē ʻa e movete ʻa e Sosaieti Maluʻi ʻo Ketilaní ʻi he 1837. Naʻe tufaki ʻe he kau ʻinivesitoa loto-mamahi ʻi he sosaietí mo e kau fakafilí ha fakamatala loi ke fakafepakiʻi ʻa Siosefa, ʻo kau ai ha ngaahi tukuakiʻi naʻá ne tono. Naʻe pehē naʻe kamata ha niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi fakamatala loí meia ʻŌliva Kautele, ʻa ia naʻe mōlia ʻene fetuʻutaki vāofi mo Siosefá koeʻuhí ko ha ngaahi ʻuhinga kehekehe. Naʻe pehē ʻe ha niʻihi naʻe fanongo ʻa ʻŌliva ki he vetehia ʻe Siosefa ʻa ʻene feohi fakaemali makehe mo Fane ʻAlisá.¹¹ ʻI ha fakataha ʻi he faʻahitaʻu fakatōlau ʻo e 1837, ʻa ia naʻe kau ki ai mo ha niʻihi kehe ʻe toko tolu, naʻe ʻeke hangatonu ai ʻe Siosefa Sāmita kia Kautele fekauʻaki mo e fakamatala loí. ʻI he fakataha ko iá, naʻe fakaʻikaiʻi ai ʻe Kautele ʻa e fakamatala loi naʻe pehē naʻe vetehia ange ʻa Siosefa kiate iá.¹² ʻI he ʻEpeleli hono hokó, ʻi he taimi naʻe fakamaauʻi ai ʻa Kautele ʻi Mīsuli koeʻuhí ko e ngaahi tukuakiʻi lahi ʻi hono tuʻunga mēmipasipi ʻi he Siasí, naʻe aleaʻi ʻi he fakataha alēlea māʻolungá ʻa e fakamatala loi naʻe tufaki ʻe Kautelé. Naʻe fai ʻe Siosefa ha fakamatala ki hono vā mo Fané ʻa ia naʻe fakafiemālie ki he fakataha alēlea māʻolungá.¹³ Naʻe tuʻusi ʻa Kautele mei he siasí lolotonga e fakataha ko ʻení.

Makehe mei ha fakamatala ʻi he konga kimuʻa ʻo e 1840 tupú ʻa ia naʻe fakamoʻoni ai naʻe ʻaʻahi ʻa Fane ki hono fāmilí ne nau kau ki he kolo ʻo e Siasí ʻi Lima, ʻIlinoisí, naʻe ʻikai pē ke maʻu hono hingoá ʻi he lekooti ʻo e Siasí ʻi ha meimei taʻu ʻe 30.¹⁴ ʻI he konga kimui ʻo e senituli 19, naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻe ha fakamatala naʻe fai ʻe he Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí mo e kau mēmipa mālōlō ʻo e Siasí ko e feohi ʻa Siosefa Sāmita mo Fane ʻAlisá ko e fuofua mali tokolahí ia.¹⁵ Naʻe fakakau ʻe ʻIlisa R. Sinou, ko e taha e ngaahi uaifi tokolahi ʻo Siosefa Sāmitá, ʻa Fane ʻi ha lisi ʻo e ngaahi uaifi [ʻo Siosefá].¹⁶ Naʻe tatau pē mo hono fakamatala ʻe Mōsaia Henikoki ʻi he 1896 mo Penisimani F. Sionisoni ʻi he 1903 ʻa e vā fetuʻutaki ʻa Fane mo Siosefá ko ha mali tokolahi naʻe ʻikai fakahāhāholo. Naʻe fakamatala ʻe Henikoki fekauʻaki mo ha ouau sila ʻo e nofo-malí naʻe fai ʻi he lilo ʻe he tamai ʻa Henikokí ʻi Ketilani. Fakatatau ki he fakamatala ʻa Sionisoní, naʻe ʻeke kia Fane fekauʻaki mo hono vā mo Siosefá ka naʻe ʻikai ke ne fie fakaikiiki ki ai.¹⁷

Neongo ʻoku siʻi ʻetau ʻilo fekauʻaki mo hono fuofua fakahoko ʻo e mali tokolahí, ka ʻoku fakaʻapaʻapaʻi ʻe he Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻa e tui ʻa e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻi he kuonga muʻá ʻa ia ne nau feilaulau ke talangofua ki he fekau faingataʻa ko ʻení.

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Tokoni ʻa e Siasí

“Plural Marriage in Kirtland and Nauvoo,” Gospel Topics Essays, topics.lds.org.

“Letter from Thomas B. Marsh, 15 February 1838,” Historical Introduction, in Mark Ashurst-McGee, David W. Grua, Elizabeth Kuehn, Alexander L. Baugh, and Brenden W. Rensink, eds., Documents, Volume 6: February 1838–August 1839. Vol. 6 of the Documents series of The Joseph Smith Papers, edited by Ronald K. Esplin, Matthew J. Grow, and Matthew C. Godfrey (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press, 2017), 10–17.

Maʻuʻanga Fakamatalá

1. Brian C. Hales, Joseph Smith’s Polygamy, 3 vols. (Salt Lake City: Greg Kofford Books, 2013), 1:103–4. ʻI ha ngaahi lipooti kimui ange naʻe ui ia ko “Falanisesi” pe ko “Falanisesi Uooti”, ka ʻoku kei taʻefakapapauʻi ʻeni ʻi he ngaahi fuofua fakamatalá. ʻOku fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he ngaahi fuofua fakamatalá ʻa e “Fane” pe “Fane W.” Hangē ko ʻení, ʻoku hā ʻi he fakamatala ki hono meʻafakaʻeikí mo hono maká ko “Fane W Kasitā.” (“Dublin Items,” Cambridge City Tribune, vol. 25, no. 34 [Dec. 5, 1889], 2; [Mary Clarissa Custer], Solomon Custer, and Fanny W Custer, headstone, South Lawn Cemetery, Dublin, Wayne County, Indiana.)

2. Naʻe ʻikai ha fānau ʻa Siosefa Sāmita mo Fane ʻAlisa. Naʻe pehē ʻe ha tokotaha ʻoku ʻikai fakahā hono hingoá ko ha hako ia ʻo e foha ʻo Fane mo Siosefa naʻe ui ko ʻOlisoni (mahalo ko e ʻOasoni) Sāmita Kasitā, ka naʻe fakahā ʻe he sivi DNA ʻoku ʻikai ko ha hako ia ʻo Siosefa Sāmita. ʻOku ʻikai ha fakamatala fakapepa ʻe fakamoʻoniʻi ai naʻe ʻi ai ha taha ko ʻOlisoni Sāmita Kasitā ʻi he ʻIunaiteti Siteití lolotonga e taimi ne moʻui ai ʻa Fané. (Ugo A. Perego, Natalie M. Myres, and Scott R. Woodward, “Reconstructing the Y-Chromosome of Joseph Smith: Genealogical Applications,” Journal of Mormon History, vol. 31, no. 2 [Fall 2005], 42–60.)

3. Samuel Huddleston, “‘Old Wayne,’ and Her Pioneers,” Evening Item [Richmond, Indiana], vol. 7, no. 57 (Mar. 8, 1883), 3.

4. Marriage Record, Indiana Marriages, 1811–2007, FamilySearch.org.

5. Samuel Alger Sr., Obituary, in Deseret Evening News, vol. 7, no. 268 (Oct. 6, 1874), 3.

6. Andrew W. Young, History of Wayne County, Indiana, From Its First Settlement to the Present Time; With Numerous Biographical and Family Sketches (Cincinnati: Robert Clarke, 1872), 265–66.

7. “For Sale or Trade!” New Castle Courier, vol. 31, no. 36 (Sept. 8, 1871), 2; New Castle Mercury, vol. 13 (Jan. 12, 1878), 3; “In Bankruptcy: In the District Court of the United States, for the District of Indiana, In the Matter of Solomon F. Custer,” Indianapolis Journal, Mar. 20, 1878, 7.

8. Solomon Custer, in Tenth Census of the United States, 1880.

9. Naʻe manakoa ʻa e tui fakafaʻahikehé ʻi he taimi ko iá, ʻa ia naʻe tui ʻa e kau muimuí ʻoku malava ʻa e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ʻo fetuʻutaki mo e maama tataliʻanga ʻo e ngaahi laumālié. Naʻe lekooti ʻe Fane ha niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi fetuʻutaki pehení, kau ai ha fetuʻutaki ʻe taha naʻe hā ʻi ha nusipepa fakalotofonua. “Local Matters,” Hagerstown Exponent, vol. 7, no. 9 (Aug. 2, 1882), 3. Vakai foki, “Dublin Items,” Cambridge City Tribune, vol. 25, no. 34 (Dec. 5, 1889), 2.

10. Indiana Death Index, 1882–1920, FamilySearch.org; R. L. Polk & Co.’s Indianapolis City Directory for 1887 (Indianapolis: R. L. Polk, 1887), 250; “Dublin Items,” Cambridge City Tribune, 1889, 2; [Mary Clarissa Custer], Solomon Custer, and Fanny W Custer, headstone, South Lawn Cemetery; “Dublin News,” Cambridge City Tribune, vol. 20, no. 50 (Apr. 2, 1885), 2.

11. High Council minutes, Apr. 12, 1838, in Minute Book 2, 122–23, josephsmithpapers.org.

12. Joseph Smith, “History, 1838–1856, vol. B-1 [1 September 1834–2 November 1838],” 775, josephsmithpapers.org; Oliver Cowdery letter to Warren A. Cowdery, Jan. 21, 1838, Oliver Cowdery Letterbook, 1833–1838, Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, California; Thomas B. Marsh, “Letter from Thomas B. Marsh, 15 February 1838,” in Elder’s Journal, July 1838, 45–46, josephsmithpapers.org; Oliver Cowdery letter to Joseph Smith, Jan. 21, 1838, Oliver Cowdery Letterbook, 1833–1838, Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

13. ʻOku ʻikai fakahā ʻi he miniti ʻo e fakatahá ʻa e meʻa tonu ne lea ʻaki ʻe Siosefa ki he fakataha alēlea māʻolungá. Vakai, High Council minutes, Apr. 1838, in Minute Book 2, 118–26.

14. James C. Snow record book, 1840–1851, 6–7, Church History Library, Salt Lake City; see also Brian C. Hales, “Historical Accounts Referring to a Relationship between Joseph Smith and Fanny Alger,” table 4.1, in Hales, Joseph Smith’s Polygamy, 1:94–95.

15. Hales, Joseph Smith’s Polygamy, 2:372–78.

16. Hales, Joseph Smith’s Polygamy, 1:111–16.

17. Mosiah Hancock, Reminiscence, 1896, in Levi Hancock, “Autobiography of Levi Ward Hancock, circa 1896” (part three, June 6, 1986), 63–64, Church History Library, Salt Lake City; Benjamin F. Johnson letter to George F. Gibbs, April–October 1903, 26–27, Church History Library, Salt Lake City. Naʻe fakatou fakafalala ʻa Henikoki, ʻa ia naʻe taʻu ua pē ʻi he taimi naʻe mavahe ai ʻa Fane mei Ketilani ʻi he 1836, mo Sionisoni ki he ngaahi fakamatala fakamahamahalo ke fai ʻaki ʻena fakamatalá (Hancock, Reminiscence, 1896, 62; Johnson letter to George F. Gibbs, 26).