Mataiasi F. Kauli

Naʻe fāʻeleʻi ʻa Mataiasi Fosi Kauli (1858–1940) ʻi ha hili pē ʻa e foki ʻene ongomātuʻá ki Sōleki Siti hili haʻana hola mei he ngaahi fakatuʻutāmaki ʻo e fetāʻakí lolotonga ʻa e Tau ʻi ʻIutaá.¹ Naʻá ne tupu hake ʻi he Uooti Sōleki Siti 14, ʻa ia naʻá ne hoko ai ko ha faiako fakauooti ki he fāmili ʻo e ʻAposetolo ko Sione Teilá peá ne hoko ko ha kaungāmeʻa mamae ʻo e foha ʻo ʻEletā Teila ko Sione W. Teilá.² Hili hā mālōlō ʻa e tamai ʻa Kaulí ʻi he 1864, naʻá ne tokoni ki he mali ua ʻo ʻene faʻeé ʻi he savea maʻá e Hala Lēlue ʻi he Fakatonga ʻo ʻIutaá. Lolotonga e ngaahi māhina momokó, naʻe ako ʻa Kauli ʻi he University of Deseret [ʻUnivēsiti ʻo e Teseletí] peá ne hoko ko ha tokotaha ako mateaki ʻo e Tohi Tapú. ʻI hono taʻu 19, naʻá ne fakahoko ʻene ʻuluaki ngāue fakafaifekaú ki he fakatonga ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití. Kimuʻa pea mavahe ʻa Kauli ʻi heʻene ngāue fakafaifekau hono uá, naʻá ne tokangaʻi ʻa e ngaahi ngāue ki hono paotoloaki ʻo e makasini Kautaha Fefakalakalaka ʻo e Mutuale ʻa e Kau Talavoú, The Contributor, ʻa ia naʻe pau ai ke ne ʻalu ki ha ngaahi uooti mo e siteiki lahi ʻi he Vahefonua ʻIutaá. ʻI he ʻuluaki ʻaho naʻe fakaava ai ʻa e Temipale Lōkani ʻIutaá ke fakahoko ʻa e ngāue ouaú ʻi he 1884, naʻá ne mali ai mo ʻApikale Haiti. Naʻe uiuiʻi mo fakanofo ‘a Kauli ko ha ‘Aposetolo ‘i he 1897, ko ha taʻu ia ʻe taha hili hono fakakau ʻo ʻIutā ko ha vahefonuá pea naʻe kamata ke hanganaki atu ʻa e Siasí ki ha senituli foʻou.³

Ko ʻEletā Mataiasi F. Kauli ʻi he 1898.

Naʻe mātātonu ʻe Kauli ʻa e ʻita lahi ki he Siasí koeʻuhí ko e mali tokolahí. ʻI he 1889, naʻá ne mali ai mo Luela Simati Pākinisoni, ko hono ʻuluaki uaifi ʻi he mali tokolahí. Naʻe hoko ʻena malí ʻi ha taimi naʻe fakamālohiʻi ai ʻe he kau ʻōfisa fakapuleʻangá ʻa e ngaahi lao ke fakafepakiʻi ʻa e mali tokolahí ʻa ia naʻe fakataumuʻa ke fakamoveuveuʻi ʻa e ngaahi fāmili ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní mo faʻao ʻa e ngaahi pisinisi ʻa e Siasí.⁴ Hili ha taʻu ʻe taha mei he mali ʻa Kauli mo Luelá, naʻe tuku mai ʻe Palesiteni Uilifooti Utalafi ʻa e Fanongonongo Fakamafaiʻí, ko ha fanongonongo naʻe ueʻi fakalaumālie ʻo fakahinohino ai ki he Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ke nau taʻofi ʻa e mali tokolahí. Mei he 1880 tupú ki he konga kimuʻa ʻo e senituli 20, naʻe ngāue lahi ange ʻa e kau Palesiteni ʻo e Siasí ko Uilifooti Utalafi, Lolenisou Sinou, mo Siosefa F. Sāmitá ke aʻusia ʻe ʻIutā ʻa hono tuʻunga ko ha siteití, ʻo fakatupulaki ai ʻa e ngaahi vā mo e puleʻanga ʻIunaiteti Siteití mo taʻofi ʻa hono fakahoko ʻo e mali tokolahí.⁵ ʻI he 1899, naʻe mali ai ʻa Kauli mo Haliote Penioni, ko hono uaifi hono ua ʻi he mali tokolahí.⁶ Naʻe fakakaukau ʻe ha kau taki ʻe niʻihi ʻo e Siasí ko e Fanongonongo Fakamafaiʻí ko ha feinga pē ia ke fakafiemālieʻi ʻa e puleʻangá pea naʻa nau tui ko e “fuakava foʻou mo taʻengata ʻo e malí” (Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakava 131:2) naʻe kei taau pē ia maʻá e kau tui faivelengá. Naʻe fakapulipuli pē ʻa hono hokohoko atu ʻe Kauli ke fakaongoongoleleiʻi ʻa e mali tokolahí pea mo fakamolumaluʻi ʻa e ngaahi mali tokolahí.⁷ Lolotonga ʻa e kemipeini fakafonua ke ʻoua naʻa tali ʻa e kaungā ʻAposetolo ko Liiti Simutí ki he Fale Alea ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití, naʻe ui mai ʻa Kauli mo ha niʻihi kehe ke nau fakamoʻoni ki heʻenau fehokotaki ki he mali tokolahí. Naʻá ne kole ange ke fakaʻatā ia.

ʻI he 1904, naʻe fanongonongo ai ʻe Siosefa F. Sāmita ʻa e meʻa naʻe ʻiloa ko e Fanongonongo Fakamafaiʻi hono Uá ko ha konga ʻo ha palōmesi naʻá ne fai lolotonga ʻa e ngaahi hopo ʻa Simutí. Naʻe fakahā ʻe he tuʻutuʻuni ko ʻení ko ha taha pē te ne fakahoko ha mali tokolahi foʻou “ʻoku maumaufono ia ʻi he Siasí” pea ʻoku malava ke tuʻusi ia [mei he Siasí].⁸ ʻI he hili pē iá naʻe tapui leva ʻe he Kau Palesitenisī ʻUluakí ʻa hono fakahoko ʻo e ngaahi ouau faisilá ʻi tuʻa mei he temipalé, ʻo ʻomi ai e ngaahi ouau mali temipalé ki he malumalu ʻo e kau palesiteni temipalé mo e kau taki māʻolunga ʻo e Siasí. Naʻe talangataʻa ʻa Kauli mo hono kaungā ʻAposetolo ko Sione W. Teilá ki he tuʻutuʻuni foʻoú. ʻI he 1905, naʻe mali ʻa Kauli mo Leniola Mele Teila ʻi Kānata, ko hono uaifi hono tolú ia ʻi he mali tokolahí.⁹ Hili pē ha taimi nounou mei ai, naʻe kole ʻe he toenga ʻo e Kōlomu ʻo e Toko Hongofulu Mā Uá kia ʻEletā Kauli mo Teila ke na fakafisi mei he kōlomú koeʻuhí ko e “ʻikai ke na loto-taha mo e Toko Hongofulu Mā Uá fekauʻaki mo ʻena mali tokolahi pē kinaua mo e ngaahi uaifi tokolahí pea mo hono poupouʻi ʻo e niʻihi kehé ke nau maʻu ha ngaahi uaifi tokolahí.” ʻI he hili pē ʻa e fakafisi ʻa Kauli mo Teilá, naʻá ne kei hokohoko atu pē ke fakaongoongoleleiʻi ʻa e mali tokolahí. ʻI he 1910 mo e 1911, naʻe fakatotolo ʻe he Kōlomu ʻo e Toko Hongofulu Mā Uá ha ngaahi lipooti ʻo ha kau tangata ʻe niʻihi ʻoku nau ʻi ha tuʻunga fakatakimuʻa ʻi he Siasí naʻa nau maʻu moʻonautolu ha ngaahi uaifi tokolahi. ʻI he taimi naʻe ʻilo ai ʻe he kau ʻAposetoló kuo hokohoko atu pē ʻe Kauli ke fakahoko mo poupouʻi ʻa e mali tokolahí, naʻa nau fili leva ke “toʻo ʻene totonu mo e Mafai ke fakahoko ha faʻahinga ngāue pē ʻo e Lakanga Fakataulaʻeikí.”¹⁰

Neongo ʻa e ngaahi fetōkehekeheʻaki ʻa Kauli fekauʻaki mo e mali tokolahí, ka naʻá ne kei hokohoko atu pē ke lea ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu fakapuleʻangá, malangaʻi ʻa e ongoongoleleí mo faʻu ha ngaahi tohi naʻá ne poupouʻi ʻa e Siasí. ʻI he 1936, naʻá ne faitohi ki he Kau Palesitenisī ʻUluakí mo e ʻamanaki ʻe fakaongoongoleleiʻi hono hingoá naʻá ne vetehia ai ʻo pehē, “Kuo kākaaʻi au” pea “ko e taimi kotoa pē kuó u faifaleʻi pe ngāue ai ʻo fehangahangai mo e ngaahi tefitoʻi moʻoni, ngaahi lao mo e tuʻutuʻuni ʻo e Siasí … kuó u matuʻaki fai ha faleʻi hala.”¹¹ Naʻe toe fakafoki mai ia [ki he Siasí] pea naʻe ʻikai fuoloa kuo uiuiʻi ia ke ne ngāue fakafaifekau ki ʻIulope, ʻa ia naʻá ne malanga ai ʻi ha ngaahi feituʻu fakahisitōlia kehekehe, faʻu tohi maʻá e makasini Millennial Star [Fetuʻu ʻo e Afeʻi Taʻú], pea tānaki ha fakamatala fakatohihohoko mo hono uaifi ko Luelá mo e ʻofefine ko Lolá.¹² ʻI he pekia ʻa Kauli hili ha taʻu ʻe fā mei ai ko e tupu pē mei heʻene taʻu motuʻá, naʻe manatua ia ʻi heʻene “ngāue mateakí” ko ha tangata malanga, tangata faʻu tohi mo ha faifekau.¹³

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Tokoni ʻo e Siasí

“The Manifesto and the End of Plural Marriage,” Gospel Topics Essays, https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/gospel-topics-essays/the-manifesto-and-the-end-of-plural-marriage.

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Fakamatalá

ʻOku ʻomai ʻe he ngaahi pulusinga ko ʻení ha fakamatala lahi ange fekauʻaki mo e tefito ko ʻení. ʻI hono tuku atu pe fakafehokotaki kimoutolu ki he ngaahi maʻuʻanga tokoni ko ʻení, ʻoku ʻikai ke mau poupouʻi pe fakapapauʻi atu e kanotohí pe ngaahi fakakaukau ʻa e kau faʻu tohí.

Matthias Cowley, Reminiscences, MS 1584, Church History Library, Salt Lake City.

Matthias F. Cowley, Prophets and Patriarchs of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Chattanooga: Ben E. Rich, 1902).

Edward H. Anderson, “Matthias Foss Cowley,” in Andrew Jenson, ed., Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia: A Compilation of Biographical Sketches of Prominent Men and Women in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 4 vols. (Salt Lake City: Andrew Jenson History, 1901–1936), 1:168–72.

Victor W. Jorgenson and B. Carmon Hardy, “The Taylor-Cowley Affair and the Watershed of Mormon History,” Utah Historical Quarterly, vol. 48, no. 1 (Winter 1980), 4–36.

Ngaahi Tefito Fekauʻakí: Mali Tokolahí ʻi he hili ʻa e Fanongonongo Fakamafaiʻí, Lao Fakafepaki ki he Mali Tokolahí, Ngaahi Hopo ʻa Liiti Simutí, ʻIutā

1. Vakai ki he Tefito: Tau ʻi ʻIutaá.

2. Matthias F. Cowley, “Reminiscences of Prest. John Taylor,” 1925, MS 157, Church History Library, Salt Lake City.

3. Edward H. Anderson, “Matthias Foss Cowley,” in Andrew Jenson, ed., Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia: A Compilation of Biographical Sketches of Prominent Men and Women in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 4 vols. (Salt Lake City: Andrew Jenson History, 1901–1936), 1:168–72.

4. Vakai, Tefito: Lao Fakafepaki ki he Mali Tokolahí.

5. Vakai ki he Ongo Tefito: Fanongonongo Fakamafaiʻí, ʻIutā; vakai foki, Gospel Topics Essays, “The Manifesto and the End of Plural Marriage,” https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/gospel-topics-essays/the-manifesto-and-the-end-of-plural-marriage.

6. Victor W. Jorgenson and B. Carmon Hardy, “The Taylor-Cowley Affair and the Watershed of Mormon History,” Utah Historical Quarterly, vol. 48, no. 1 (Winter 1980), 14.

7. Jorgenson and Hardy, “Taylor-Cowley Affair,” 21; vakai ki he Tefito: Ngaahi Hopo ʻa Liiti Simutí.

8. Vakai, “The Manifesto and the End of Plural Marriage.”

9. Jorgensen and Hardy, “Taylor-Cowley Affair,” 12–14.

10. Jorgensen and Hardy, “Taylor-Cowley Affair,” 28–33; Francis M. Lyman, Journal, May 11, 1911, Church History Library, Salt Lake City.

11. “Reconciliation: Letters Passing between the First Presidency and Elder Matthias F. Cowley,” Deseret News, Apr. 3, 1936, 3.

12. Eleanor Knowles, Remembering Laura: A Biography of Laura Cowley Brossard (1978), 66–67.

13. “Cowley Rites Will Be Friday: Illness Claims Aged Church Leader,” Deseret News, June 17, 1940, 9, 16.