Fakafepaki ki he Siasí ʻi he Kamataʻangá

ʻI he 1823, naʻe fakatokanga e ʻāngelo ko Molonaí kia Siosefa Sāmita ʻe “ʻiloa ʻa [hono] hingoá ʻi he lelei mo e kovi ʻi he ngaahi puleʻangá.”¹ Naʻe fepaki ʻa Siosefa mo hono fāmilí mo e manukí kimuʻa peá ne kamata hono liliu e Tohi ʻa Molomoná, pea ʻi he ngaahi māhina ne hokó, hili e fakataha ʻa ia naʻe fokotuʻu ai e Siasí, naʻe kamata ke fakahohaʻasi ʻe he kau fakafepakí e ngaahi fakataha ʻa e Māmongá. Naʻe fakautuutu e tāufehiʻá ʻi he ngaahi taʻu hono hokó pea kau ki ai ha ngaahi fakamamahi he taimi ʻe niʻihi. Naʻe fokotuʻu foki ʻe he kau fakafepaki ʻo e Siasí ha ngaahi kemipeini fakapolitikale fakalotofonua, fakasiteiti, mo fakafonua ʻo fakafepakiʻi e Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí. Naʻe faʻa fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he ngaahi kulupu ko ʻení ʻa e hingoa ko e “fili ʻo e Māmongá.”²

Naʻe fakaangaʻi e Siasí ʻe he kau taki fakafepakí ʻi he ngaahi meʻa fakalotu, fakapolitikale, fakasōsiale mo fakaʻekonōmiká. Naʻe faʻa malanga ʻa e kau faifekau ʻiloá ʻo fakafepakiʻi e ngaahi ngāue mo e tui fakalotu foʻoú ke maluʻi honau kāingalotú mei he meʻa naʻa nau fakakaukau ko e ngaahi tui angakehé. Naʻe ui ʻe he kau fakaangá e Kāingalotú—mo ʻenau tui ki he folofola fooʻú mo e lakanga fakataulaʻeiki kuo fakafoki maí—ʻoku takihalaʻi, fuʻu tōtuʻa, pe ʻikai feʻunga ke ui kinautolu ko ha tui fakalotu moʻoni.³ Naʻe pehē ʻe ha niʻihi naʻe fakapikopiko, nofonoa, mo masiva e Kāingalotú pea fakamatalaʻi ʻe ha niʻihi ko ha fakakavenga ki he komiunitií.⁴ Naʻe fakaangaʻi ʻe ha niʻihi kehe e founga ngāue fakaʻekonōmika ʻa e Māmongá pe lāunga he ʻikai ke nau kau ki he ngaahi pisinisi feʻauʻauhí. Ne iku e feinga ʻa e Kāingalotú ke tānaki fakatahá ki ha fakafepaki fakapolitikale: ʻi he kamakamata ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití, naʻe faʻa hohaʻa ʻa e kau tangata fakapolitikalé naʻa liliu ʻe he fanga kiʻi kulupu tokosiʻí e filí ʻaki ʻenau fili kotoa ha faʻahi ʻe taha, ʻo hangē ko ia naʻe faʻa fai ʻe he Kāingalotú. ʻIkai ngata aí, naʻe faʻa huʻuhuʻu ha Kau ʻAmelika tokolahi ki he founga naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻaki ʻe Siosefa Sāmita mo Pilikihami ʻIongi hona mafai fakapolitikalé mo e fakalotú.

Naʻe ngāue ʻaki ʻe he kau fakafepakí e lauʻikovi fakalaó, fakatanga fakamamahí, fakamanamaná, mo hono pulusi ha ngaahi fakamatala lauʻi koviʻi ʻo e Siasí. ʻI he taimi ʻe niʻihi, naʻe fakahoko e lauʻikoviá ʻe ha kakai fakataautaha pē, ka naʻe faʻa ngāue fakataha e kau fakatanga ʻo e Siasí ʻi heʻenau fakafepakiʻi e Māmongá. Hangē ko ʻení, naʻe ʻi ai ha kōmiti ʻo e kau tangataʻi fonua ʻi he Vahefonua Siakisoni, Mīsulí ne nau fakataha mo faʻufaʻu ha ngaahi fakamatala ko ha ʻuhinga ki hono fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e fakamoveuveu fakafepaki ki he Kāingalotú. Ne ʻi ai ha faʻahi fakapolitikale taimi nounou ʻi ʻIlinoisi naʻe ui ko e “Faʻahi Fili ʻo e Māmongá,” ne fokotuʻu ʻi he 1841 ke fakafepakiʻi e kau fili Māmonga ʻi he siteití. Ne faʻu ʻe he kau mēmipa ʻo e Faʻahi Fili ʻo e Māmongá ha ʻū tohi fakaʻētita ʻi he nusipepá ʻo tukuakiʻi e Kau Māmongá ki heʻenau feinga ke puleʻi e fili fakalotofonuá. Naʻe fehangahangai e kau faifekau ʻi Pilitānia Lahí mo ha fakafepaki ne tupu mei he ngaahi fakamatala ʻa e kakaí, ʻū tohi, ngaahi tohi tufa, mo e ngaahi fakamatala ʻi he nusipepá.

Hili hono fanongonongo ʻe he Siasí e mali tokolahí ʻi he 1852, naʻe tuai e kemo ʻene hoko ko e ʻuhinga lahi taha ʻo e fokotuʻutuʻu fakafepaki ki he Siasí. Naʻe pehē ʻe he kau Palotisani ʻAmeliká ʻoku fakapāpeliane ʻa e mali tokolahí pea nau kamataʻi ha kemipeini fakalao mo fakapolitikale ke fakamālohiʻi e Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ke taʻofi ia.⁵

Naʻe tali ʻe he Kāingalotú ʻa e ngaahi ʻohofi mei he ngaahi ngāue fakafepakí ʻi ha founga kehekehe. Ne ngāue ʻaki ʻe ha tokolahi e faʻa kātaki faka-Kalisitiané, ʻo muimui ki he akonaki ko ia ʻa Sīsū Kalaisi, ko kinautolu ʻe faʻa kātaki ʻi he fakatangá ko ha fakaʻilonga ia ʻo ha ākonga moʻoní. Naʻe fakahinohinoʻi ʻe he ngaahi fakahaá e Kāingalotú ke nau muimui ki he lao ki hono ʻeke ha totongi huhuʻí ʻi hono fakalaveaʻi kinautolú, pea naʻe fekumi e kau taki ʻo e Siasí ki ha tokoni fakalao he taimi naʻe fie maʻu aí. Meʻapangó, he naʻe ʻi ai ha ngaahi taimi, naʻe ʻohofi ai ʻe ha niʻihi fakafoʻituitui pe ngaahi kulupu ʻo e Kāingalotú ʻo fakamamahiʻi ha niʻihi naʻa nau pehē ko honau filí pe ʻita ki he kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ne ʻikai uesiá.⁶ ʻI heʻenau fehangahangai mo e lao fakapuleʻanga ke taʻofi e mali tokolahí, naʻe talangataʻa ha Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ki he laó, ʻo hokohoko atu pē ʻenau fai ʻa e meʻa naʻa nau tui ko ha tefitoʻi moʻoni ʻo ʻenau tui fakalotú neongo naʻa nau faʻa nofo pōpula ai. ʻI ha ngaahi taimi ʻe niʻihi—hangē ko e ngaahi fakatanga naʻe fehangahangai mo e Kāingalotú ʻi Mīsulí—naʻe ʻomi ʻe he fakafepaki ki he Siasí ha ngaahi fakahā mālohi ne ʻomi ai ha fakahinohino foʻou ki he Siasí pe ʻuhinga loloto ange ki he faingataʻa ne aʻusia ʻe he kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí.⁷

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Tokoni ʻa e Siasí

David W. Grua, “Waiting for the Word of the Lord: DC 97, 98, 101,” ʻi he Matthew McBride and James Goldberg, eds., Revelations in Context: The Stories behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants (Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 2016), 196–201.

“The Manifesto and the End of Plural Marriage,” Gospel Topics Essays, topics.lds.org.

“Minutes of ‘Great Indignation Meeting,’ January 13, 1870,” ʻi he Jill Mulvay Derr, Carol Cornwall Madsen, Kate Holbrook, and Matthew J. Grow, eds., The First Fifty Years of Relief Society: Key Documents in Latter-day Saint Women’s History (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press, 2016), 311–32.

Ngaahi Fakamatalá

ʻOku ʻoatu ʻe he pulusinga ko ʻení ha ngaahi fakamatala lahi ange fekauʻaki mo e tefito ko ʻení. ʻI hono tuku atu pe fakafehokotaki kimoutolu ki he maʻuʻanga tokoni ko ʻení, ʻoku ʻikai ke mau poupouʻi pe fakapapauʻi atu e kanotohí pe ngaahi fakakaukau ʻa e tokotaha faʻu tohí.

J. Spencer Fluhman, “A Peculiar People”: Anti-Mormonism and the Making of Religion in Nineteenth-Century America (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2012).

Ngaahi Tefito Fekauʻakí: Kau Fakaanga ʻo e Tohi ʻa Molomoná, Fetāʻaki ʻi he Vahefonua Siakisoní, Tau Māmonga-Mīsuli ʻo e 1838

Maʻuʻanga Fakamatalá

1. Siosefa Sāmita—Hisitōlia 1:33; vakai foki, Joseph Smith, “History, circa June 1839–circa 1841 [Draft 2],” 5, josephsmithpapers.org.

2. Vakai, David Brion Davis, “Some Themes of Counter-Subversion: An Analysis of Anti-Masonic, Anti-Catholic, and Anti-Mormon Literature,” Mississippi Valley Historical Review, vol. 47, no. 2 (Sept. 1960), 205–24.

3. Vakai, J. Spencer Fluhman, “A Peculiar People”: Anti-Mormonism and the Making of Religion in Nineteenth-Century America (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2012).

4. Vakai, “Letter from John Whitmer, 29 July 1833,” josephsmithpapers.org.

5. Fluhman, “A Peculiar People,” 103–25.

6. “Peace and Violence among 19th-Century Latter-day Saints,” Gospel Topics Essays, topics.lds.org.

7. Vakai, “Letter to the Church and Edward Partridge, 20 March 1839,” josephsmithpapers.org; “Letter to Edward Partridge and the Church, circa 22 March 1839,” josephsmithpapers.org.