Hisitōlia Fakafāmilí mo e Tohi Hohokó

ʻOku tupu e mahuʻingaʻia mo e tukupā ʻa e Kāingalotu ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ki he fekumi ʻi he hisitōlia fakafāmilí mei he ngaahi meʻa mahuʻinga ne hoko ʻi he hisitōlia ʻo e Siasí he kamatá. Lolotonga e fuofua ʻaʻahi ʻa Siosefa Sāmita mo e ʻāngelo ko Molonaí ʻi he 1823, naʻe fakahā ange kiate ia ʻe hanga ʻe he ʻEikí ʻo “tō ʻi he loto ʻo e fānaú ʻa e ngaahi talaʻofa naʻe fai ki he ngaahi tamaí, pea ʻe liliu ʻa e loto ʻo e fānaú ki heʻenau ngaahi tamaí.”¹ ʻI he konga kimuʻa ʻo e 1840 tupú ʻi Nāvū ʻIlinoisi, naʻe akoʻi ai ʻe Siosefa ko hono fakahoko ʻo e kikite ko ʻení naʻe fie maʻu ai hono fakahoko e ngaahi ouau fakamoʻuí maʻá e kāinga pekia ʻa ha taha.² Naʻe kau heni ʻa e ngaahi papitaiso mo e hilifakinima fakafofongá mo hono silaʻi e kau mēmipa ʻo e fāmilí, ʻo fakatolonga honau ngaahi vā fetuʻutaki mahuʻinga tahá ʻi he moʻui ka hokó. Naʻe kamata ke kau loto-vēkeveke ʻa e Kāingalotú ki he ngaahi ouaú ni.³

ʻI he kamatá, naʻe silaʻi pē ʻa e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ki heʻenau ngaahi kui ofí pe ki he kau taki mahuʻinga ʻi he Siasí ko e kāinga “ohi” kinautolu.⁴ Naʻe fanongonongo ʻe Palesiteni Uilifooti Utalafi ʻi he 1894, ʻoku totonu ke fekumi e Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ki honau ngaahi hisitōlia fakafāmilí pea ʻomai e hingoa ʻenau ngaahi kuí ki he temipalé kae lava ke silaʻi e ngaahi fāmilí. Naʻá ne akoʻi ʻi he konifelenisi lahí, “ʻOku mau fie maʻu ʻa e Kāingalotu ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní mei he taimi ko ʻení ke fakatotoloʻi ʻenau ngaahi tohi hohokó ki he mamaʻo taha te nau lavá, pea [silaʻi] kinautolu ki heʻenau ngaahi tamaí mo ʻenau ngaahi faʻeé. ʻAi ke silaʻi ʻa e fānaú ki heʻenau ngaahi mātuʻá, pea hoko atu ʻa e sēini ko ʻení ki he mamaʻo taha te mou ala lavá.”⁵ Naʻe hoko ʻa e ngaahi temipalé ko ha konga mahuʻinga mo angamaheni ange ia ʻo e moihū ʻa e Mēmipa ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ʻi he ʻaukolo ki ai e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ke fakahoko e ngāue fakafofongá maʻá e kau mēmipa honau fāmilí kuo pekiá.⁶

Ko e Sōsaieti Tohi Hohokó

ʻI he 1895, naʻe fakangofua ʻe he Kau Palesitenisī ʻUluakí mo e Kōlomu ʻo e Kau ʻAposetolo ʻe Toko Hongofulu Mā Uá ʻa e fokotuʻu ʻo e Sōsaieti Tohi Hohoko ʻo ʻIutaá (ko ha kautaha ne maʻu kimui ʻe he Siasí ʻo ui ko e Potungāue Hisitōlia Fakafāmilí ʻi he 1987).⁷ Naʻe kamataʻi ʻe Siosefa Filitingi Sāmita, ko ha fuofua taki ʻi he sōsaietí pea naʻá ne palesiteni ai, ha polokalama tānakiʻanga mo tauhiʻanga ʻo fakatefito ʻi heʻene ngaahi ʻaʻahi ke fekumi ʻi he ngaahi laipelí mo e ngaahi sōsaieti tohi hohoko ʻi he tokelau hahake ʻo e ʻIunaiteti Siteití.⁸ Lolotonga e fakalahi e ngaahi ngāue ʻa e Sōsaieti Tohi Hohokó, naʻe faʻu ʻe Susa ʻIongi Keitisi ko ha tokotaha tohi hohoko mateaki, ha polokalama katiloka ke muimuiʻi ʻaki e ngaahi lekooti ʻi he temipale takitaha. ʻI he konga kimuʻa ʻo e senituli 20, naʻá ne ngāue ke paotoloaki e tohi hohokó ʻaki hono hiki ha ngaahi fakamatala, akoʻi ha ngaahi kalasi, tapou ki he fakakau e ako tohi hohokó ʻi he Fineʻofá, pea hoko ko e palesiteni ʻo e Ngaahi ʻOfefine ʻo e Kau Paionia ʻo ʻIutaá.⁹ Naʻe ngāue ʻa Susa ʻIongi Keitisi mo Siosefa Filitingi Sāmita ʻi ha ngaahi kōmiti naʻa nau fakanaunau ha ngaahi makasini mo fakahoko ha ngaahi kalasi ke fakahinohinoʻi e kakaí fakalūkufua ʻi hono tānaki e ngaahi lekooti ʻa e ngaahi kuí mo fakaʻaongaʻi e tānakiʻanga lekooti ʻa e laipelí.¹⁰

ʻŌfisi ʻo e Sōsaieti Tohi Hohoko ʻo ʻIutaá kimuʻa ʻi he 1917.

Mei he Tohi Hohokó ki he Hisitōlia Fakafāmilí

Lolotonga e senituli 20, naʻe fakalahi e malava ʻa e Kāingalotu ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ʻo maʻu e ngaahi lekooti tohi hohokó. ʻI he 1938, naʻa nau kau ʻi he fuofua niʻihi ke fakaʻaongaʻi e tekinolosia maikolofilimí (microfilming) ke fakatolonga e ngaahi lekōtí. Naʻe fengāueʻaki fakataha e kau ngāue ʻo e Sōsaieti Tohi Hohokó pea kimui angé ʻi he Potungāue Hisitōlia Fakafāmilí mo e ngaahi ʻākaiví, ngaahi siasí, ngaahi puleʻanga ʻi he siteití mo e vahefonuá, mo e ngaahi kautaha kehe ke faitaaʻi e ngaahi lekōtí ʻi he maikolofilimí, ʻo maʻu ai fakafuofua ki he peesi nai ʻe 150 miliona ʻo e ngaahi lekōtí ʻi he 1954 pea hikihiki hake ki he 130 miliona he taʻu ʻi he 1992.¹¹ ʻI he 1969, naʻe fakahoko ʻe he Siasí ʻa ʻene fuofua konifelenisi fakamāmani lahi ki he tohi hohokó ʻi Sōleki Siti ʻi he taumuʻa ke akoʻi e kau fakatotoló mo ʻomi e ngaahi kautahá ke ngāue fakataha ʻi hono fakatolonga e lekōtí mo fakaʻatā ke lava ʻo hū ki aí.¹² Naʻe toe tokolahi ange e kakai ne kau mai ʻi he World Conference on Records (Konifelenisi ʻa Māmani ʻi he Ngaahi Lekōtí) hono uá ʻi he 1980, koeʻuhí pē ko e fakautuutu e mahuʻingaʻia ʻa e kakaí ʻi he tohi hohokó hili hono fuofua huluʻi ʻi he 1977 e filimi televīsone ko e Roots (Ngaahi Aká), ʻa ia naʻe hingoa tatau ia mo e tohi ʻa ʻĀleki Hale ʻa ē naʻe fakatefito aí. Naʻe maʻu ʻe Hale ha mataʻitohi toketā fakalāngilangi mei he ʻUnivēsiti Pilikihami ʻIongí pea ngāue fakataha mo e kau taki ʻo e Siasí ke paotoloaki e Konifelenisi ʻa Māmani ʻi he Ngaahi Lekōtí mo e fekumi fakalūkufua ʻi he hisitōlia fakafāmilí.¹³

Konga ki loto ʻo e Granite Mountain Records Vault (Tauhiʻanga Lekooti he Moʻunga Kalānité), ʻa ia ʻoku fakatolonga ai ha lauimiliona ʻo e ngaahi lekooti maikolofilimí.

ʻI he taʻu 1980 tupú, naʻe kau e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻi ha ngāue kāfakafa ke tānaki mo lekooti honau ngaahi hisitōlia fakafāmilí ʻo aʻu ki he toʻu tangata tolú pe lahi ange.¹⁴ Naʻe ueʻi ʻe he fakautuutu e mahuʻingaʻia ʻi he hisitōlia fakafāmilí ʻa hono tauhi e lekōtí ʻo ope atu ʻi he fakamatala tohi hohokó. ʻI he 1987, naʻe toe fakahingoa ʻe he kau taki ʻo e Siasí ʻa e Potungāue Tohi Hohokó ko e Potungāue Hisitōlia Fakafāmilí, ko ha hingoa ne fakataumuʻa ke tohoakiʻi mai e tokotaha kotoa ke kau ki ai. Naʻe pehē ʻe Palesiteni Poiti K. Peeka, “ʻE hanga ʻe he liliu ki he ʻhisitōlia fakafāmilíʼ ʻo fakasiʻisiʻi ange ʻa e ngāue ʻi he meʻa fakatekinikalé mo toe fakamānako angé . … ʻOku mahuʻinga ʻa e hisitōlia fakafāmili toputapu peheé ki he ngaahi ouau fakatemipalé.”¹⁵

Ngaahi Fakalakala Fakatekinolosiá mo e Ngaahi Fengāueʻakí

ʻI he 1999, naʻe tuku mai ai ʻe he Siasí ʻa e FamilySearch.org, ko ha uepisaiti mo e tānakiʻanga fakamatala ki he fekumi hisitōlia fakafāmilí ʻa ia ʻoku muimuiʻi foki ai mo e ngāue ouau fakafofonga maʻá e kau pekiá. Makatuʻunga ʻi he fakavaʻe taʻu ʻe 60 ʻo e ngaahi lekooti maikolofilimí, kuo lava ai ʻo maʻu ʻi he FamilySearch.org ha ngaahi ʻata ʻoku laka hake he ua pilioná ʻi he taʻu pē ko ʻeni ʻe uofulu ʻene kamatá.¹⁶ Naʻe kamata e FamilySearch Indexing ʻi he 2006, ʻa ia naʻe lava ai ha kau ngāue fie tokoni ʻo mamata mo fakahū ha ngaahi fakamatala fakapepa fakahisitōlia ke tokoni ki he kau fekumí.¹⁷ Naʻe kau ʻi he ngaahi ngāue kehe ke fakalakalaka e fekumi ʻi he hisitōlia fakafāmilí maʻá e kakaí fakalūkufua ʻa hono fokotuʻu ha ngaahi senitā hisitōlia fakafāmili ʻe lauafe, fengāueʻaki mo e ngaahi ʻākaivi fakavahefonua mo fakapuleʻangá ke fakalahi hono maʻu e ngaahi lekōtí, pea ʻi he 2011, ko e fuofua RootsTech—ko e fakatahaʻanga fakamāmani lahi lahi taha ʻi he hisitōlia fakafāmilí.¹⁸

Holo fakatahaʻanga ki he RootsTech ʻi Fēpueli 2021.

ʻOku taaimuʻa ʻa e Siasí ʻi he fekumi ki he hisitōlia fakafāmilí. ʻI he ngāue ʻa e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ke kau ki he ngāue toʻu tangata tolú mo fakahoko e ngaahi ouau fakafofongá maʻa ʻenau ngaahi kuí, fakataha mo e ngāue fuoloa taʻu ʻa e Siasí ke fakatolonga mo vahevahe e ngaahi lekooti mei he funga ʻo e māmaní, ne maʻu ai e Fuʻu ʻAkau Fakafāmili mahu ʻi he maʻuʻanga fakamatalá ʻi he FamilySearch.org ʻi he 2013. Naʻe pehē ʻe Palesiteni Lāsolo M. Nalesoni ko e ngaahi ngāue fakataha ko iá ne paotoloaki ai e taumuʻa ke “fokotuʻutuʻu ʻa e fuʻu ʻakau fakafāmili ki he fānau kotoa ʻa e ʻOtuá.”¹⁹

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Tokoni ʻo e Siasí

FamilySearch.org.

“Family History Research Guide,” https://history.churchofjesuschrist.org/training/library/family-history-research-guide/overview.

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Fakamatalá

ʻOku ʻomai ʻe he pulusinga ko ʻení ha fakamatala lahi ange fekauʻaki mo e tefito ko ʻení. ʻI hono tuku atu pe fakafehokotaki kimoutolu ki he maʻuʻanga tokoni ko ʻení, ʻoku ʻikai ke mau poupouʻi pe fakapapauʻi atu e kanotohí pe ngaahi fakakaukau ʻa e kau faʻu tohí.

James B. Allen, Jessie L. Embry, and Kahlile B. Mehr, Hearts Turned to the Fathers: A History of the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1894–1994 (Provo: BYU Studies, 1995).

Kip Sperry, “Genealogy: 1894–Present,” ʻi he Brandon S. Plewe, ed., Mapping Mormonism: An Atlas of Latter-day Saint History (Provo: Brigham Young University Press, 2012).

Ngaahi Tefito Fekauʻakí: Papitaiso maʻá e Pekiá, Silá, Ko e Langa Temipalé, Temipale Nāvuú, Temipale Sōleki Sití

1. Siosefa Sāmita—Hisitōlia 1:39. Vakai, Tefitó: ʻĀngelo ko Molonaí.

2. Richard E. Turley Jr., “Latter-day Saint Doctrine of Baptism for the Dead,” BYU Family Historian, vol. 1, no. 1 (Fall 2002), 23–39; Alexander L. Baugh, “‘For Their Salvation Is Necessary and Essential to Our Salvation’: Joseph Smith and the Practice of Baptism and Confirmation for the Dead,” ʻi he Scott C. Esplin, ed., Raising the Standard of Truth: Exploring the History and Teachings of the Early Restoration (Provo, Utah: Religious Studies Center, 2020), 253–70.

3. Vakai, Ngaahi Tefitó: ʻEnitaumeni Temipalé; Papitaiso maʻá e Pekiá.

4. Vakai, Tefitó: Silá.

5. Wilford Woodruff, Discourse, April 8, 1894, ʻi he The Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star, vol. 56, no. 22 (May 28, 1894), 339.

6. Richard E. Bennett, “‘Line upon Line, Precept upon Precept’: Reflections on the 1877 Commencement of the Performance of Endowments and Sealings for the Dead,” BYU Studies, vol. 44, no. 3 (2005), 38–77; James B. Allen and Jessie L. Embry, “‘Provoking the Brethren to Do Good Works’: Susa Young Gates, the Relief Society, and Genealogy,” BYU Studies, vol. 31, no. 2 (Spring 1991), 117–18, 121–26; Richard E. Bennett, “Wilford Woodruff and the Rise of Temple Consciousness among the Latter-day Saints, 1877–1894,” ʻi he Alexander L. Baugh and Susan Easton Black, eds., Banner of the Gospel: Wilford Woodruff (Provo: Religious Studies Center, 2010), 233–50.

7. Kip Sperry, “Genealogy: 1894–Present,” ʻi he Brandon S. Plewe, ed., Mapping Mormonism: An Atlas of Latter-day Saint History (Provo: Brigham Young University Press, 2012), 152–53.

8. James B. Allen, Jessie L. Embry, mo Kahlile B. Mehr, Hearts Turned to the Fathers: A History of the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1894–1994 (Provo: BYU Studies, 1995), 71–74.

9. Miranda Wilcox, “Sacralizing the Secular in Latter-day Saint Salvation Histories, 1890–1930,” Journal of Mormon History, vol. 46, no. 3 (July 2020), 23–59; François Weil, Family Trees: A History of Genealogy in America (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2013), 174–76. Vakai foki, Tefitó: Susa ʻIongi Keitisi.

10. Allen, Embry, mo Mehr, Hearts Turned to the Fathers, 77–80.

11. Allen, Embry, mo Mehr, Hearts Turned to the Fathers, 217, 230–31.

12. “World Conference on Records,” Church News, Aug. 2, 1969, 3.

13. Jack Emmerson, “Haley Talks of ‘Roots’ Phenomenon in Interview after BYU Exercises,” The Daily Herald [Provo], Aug. 21, 1977, 4; Matthew F. Delmont, Making Roots: A Nation Captivated (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2016), 175; Henry Louis Gates Jr., “Foreword,” ʻi he Erica L. Ball and Kellie Carter Jackson, eds., Reconsidering Roots: Race, Politics, and Memory (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2017), xi; “World Conference on Records,” 3; Jim Boardman, “Author Encourages Histories, Reunions,” Church News, Aug. 9, 1980.

14. Allen, Embry, mo Mehr, Hearts Turned to the Fathers, 202–3, 274–77.

15. “Family History Department Is New Name for Genealogical Department,” Ensign, Oct. 1987, https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1987/10/news-of-the-church/family-history-department-is-new-name-for-genealogical-department.

16. “FamilySearch Digital Records Access Replacing Microfilm,” June 26, 2017, https://media.familysearch.org/familysearch-digital-records-access-replacing-microfilm; “FamilySearch Adds 2 Billionth Image of Genealogy Records,” Apr. 23, 2018, https://media.familysearch.org/familysearch-adds-2-billionth-image-of-genealogy-records.

17. Heather F. Christensen, “A Call for Indexers Worldwide,” Ensign, Mar. 2012, https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/liahona/2012/03/a-call-for-indexers-worldwide.

18. “Completed Freedmen’s Bureau Project Indexed Nearly 2 Million Records of Freed Slaves,” June 22, 2016, https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/church/news/completed-freedmens-bureau-project-indexed-nearly-2-million-records-of-freed-slaves; Steve Anderson, “Senior Missionary Couples Serve to Preserve Genealogical Records in Lima, Peru,” FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/blog/en/senior-missionary-couples-serve-preserve-genealogical-records-lima-peru-2.

19. Steve Anderson, “FamilySearch.org Launches Family Tree for All Users,” FamilySearch, https://www.familysearch.org/blog/en/familysearchorg-launches-family-tree-users; Russell M. Nelson, “Ngaahi Toʻu Tangata Fehokotaki ʻi he ʻOfá,” Liahona, Mē 2010, 91–94.