Vahehongofulú

ʻI he ngaahi fuofua taʻu ʻo e Siasí, naʻe fekumi ʻa e kau takí ke fakapaʻanga ha ngaahi ngāue mahuʻinga hangē ko hono pulusi ʻo e folofolá mo hono langa ʻo e Temipale Ketilaní, ʻo fakafou ʻi ha ngaahi foaki, ngaahi alea fakapisinisi, mo ha ngaahi feinga paʻanga kehe. ʻI he aʻu ki Siulai 1838, naʻe ʻi ai ha ngaahi fehuʻi fekauʻaki mo e founga lelei taha ke feau ʻaki e ngaahi fiemaʻu fakapaʻanga ʻa e Siasí mo e ngaahi meʻa ke fakaʻaongaʻi ki ai e paʻanga naʻe foaki maí.¹ Naʻe fakataha ʻa e kau taki ʻo e Siasí ʻi Hihifo Mamaʻó ʻi he ʻaho 8 ʻo Siulaí, ʻo kole ki he ʻEikí ke “fakahā mai ki hoʻo kau tamaioʻeikí ʻa hono lahi ʻo e ngaahi koloa ʻa hoʻo kakaí ʻokú ke fiemaʻu ke hoko ko e vahehongofulú.”² Naʻe maʻu ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ha fakahā ʻe ua ki he founga ʻoku totonu ke fakahoko ʻakí mo e lahi ʻo e paʻanga ʻoku totonu ke foakí.

Kimuʻa ʻi he taimi ko ʻení, naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e foʻi lea vahehongofulu ʻi he Siasí ki ha faʻahinga foaki ʻofa pē, ʻo tatau ai pē pe ko e hā hono lahí. Hili e fakahā naʻe maʻu ʻe Siosefa Sāmita ʻi he 1831 ki he fakatapuí mo e lakanga tauhí, naʻe foaki ʻe he Kāingalotu ʻi Mīsuli mo ʻOhaioó ʻenau koloa naʻe hulú, kelekelé, ngaahi meʻangāué, naunau falé pea taimi ʻe niʻihi mo e paʻanga.³ Naʻe kehekehe ʻa e founga ʻa e Siasí ki hono fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ʻū koloa tokoní. Naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he pīsopé ʻi he taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻa e paʻangá ke fakatau mai ʻaki ha konga kelekele pe tokoni ki he masivá mo e faingataʻaʻiá. Ko e ngaahi ngāue hangē ko e langa fale mo e paaki e nāunau ʻa e Siasí, naʻe tokangaʻi ʻe he Kautaha Uouangatahá pe fakataha alēlea māʻolungá ʻa e paʻanga tokoní.⁴

Naʻe folofola ʻe he ʻEikí ʻi he fakahā ʻi he ʻaho 8 ʻo Siulai, 1838, ʻo tali e fehuʻi e Kāingalotú ʻaki e fakahinohino ko ʻení: ʻuluakí, ʻoku totonu ke foaki fakaʻangataha ʻe he Kāingalotú ʻenau koloa ʻoku hulú kotoa pē; naʻe pehē leva ʻe he fakahaá, “pea ka hili iá, ko kinautolu kuo fakavahehongofuluʻi peheʻí te nau totongi ʻa e vahehongofulu ʻe taha ʻo e tupu kotoa pē ʻi he taʻu taki taha.”⁵ Naʻe fakahinohinoʻi ʻe ha fakahā makehe naʻe ʻomi ʻi he ʻaho ko iá ki he kau taki ʻo e Siasí ke nau fokotuʻu ha fakataha alēlea ʻe fatongia ʻaki hono fakakaukauʻi e founga ke ngāue ʻaki ki ai e ngaahi koloa ko ʻeni kuo fakatapuí. Ko e fuofua kau mēmipa ʻo e fakataha alēleá naʻe kau ki ai ʻa e Kau Palesitenisī ʻUluakí, fakataha alēlea ʻa e pīsopé, mo e fakataha alēlea māʻolunga ʻo Hihifo Mamaʻó. Ko e ʻaho ní, ʻoku kau ki he fakataha alēleá ʻa e Kau Palesitenisī ʻUluakí, Kōlomu ʻo e Toko Hongofulu Mā Uá, mo e Kau Pīsopeliki Pulé pea ʻoku ui ia ko e Fakataha Alēlea ki hono Fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e Vahehongofulú. Naʻe fuofua fakataha ʻa e fakataha alēleá ʻi he ʻaho 26 ʻo Siulai, 1838, ka naʻe hoko ʻa e ngaahi fakatanga ʻi Mīsulí ke taʻofi ai e Kāingalotú mei hono fakahoko kakato ʻa e fakahinohino ʻi he ngaahi fakahā ko ʻení ʻi Hihifo Mamaʻó.⁶

ʻI he konga kimuʻa ʻo e 1840 tupú, naʻe fakamamafaʻi ʻe he kau taki ʻo e Siasí ke totongi e vahehongofulú ke tokoni ki hono langa ʻo e Temipale Nāvuú pea naʻe hoko e vahehongofulú ko ha tuʻutuʻuni pau ia ke hū ki he temipalé. Naʻe fakafoʻou ʻa e tuʻutuʻuni pau ko ʻení ʻi he 1880 tupú ʻi he taimi naʻe fakatapui ai ha ngaahi temipale ʻi ʻIutā. Ko e ngaahi moʻua ʻo e Siasí ne tupu ke lahi ʻi he konga ki mui ʻo e senituli 19 hili ia hono faʻao ʻe he puleʻanga ʻIunaiteti Siteití e koloa ʻa e Siasí ko e feinga ke fakamālohiʻi e Siasí ke taʻofi e mali tokolahí, pea ko e kaingalotu ʻe niʻihi ne fakaʻau ke taʻe fie foaki ʻenau vahehongofulú ko e manavasiʻi naʻa faʻao ʻenau tokoní.⁷ ʻI he 1899, ko e hili ia ha meimei taʻu ʻe hongofulu ʻa e femahinoʻaki ʻa e kau taki ʻo e Siasí mo e puleʻanga U.S, naʻe kei lahi ʻaupito pē ʻa e moʻua ʻo e Siasí. Naʻe maʻu ʻe Palesiteni Lolenisō Sinou ha fakahā fakalangi lolotonga ha malanga he tāpanekalé ʻi Seni Siaosi, ʻIutā, ʻo ueʻi ai ia ke ne fakamamafaʻi ʻa e talangofua ki he fono ʻo e vahehongofulú. Naʻá ne fakahā ʻo pehē, “Kuo hokosia ʻa e taimi ki he taha kotoa pē ʻi he Kāingalotu ʻo e Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní, ʻoku holi ke mateuteu ki he kahaʻú pea mo fokotuʻu maʻu hono vaʻé ʻi ha fakavaʻe ʻoku totonú, ke ne fakahoko ʻa e finangalo ʻo e ʻEikí pea mo totongi kakato ʻene vahehongofulú.”⁸ Naʻá ne fononga holo he ngaahi feituʻu ne nofoʻi ʻi ʻIutaá ke kole ki he kāingalotú ke nau totongi totonu ʻenau vahehongofulú pea naʻá ne talaʻofa ange ha ngaahi tāpuaki fakalaumālie mo fakatuʻasino. Naʻe hoko e ngaahi feinga ʻa Palesiteni Sinoú ke tupulaki ai e totongi vahehongofulú, pea ʻi he hili pē ha ngaahi taʻu naʻe malava leva ʻe Siosefa F. Sāmita ʻa ia naʻá ne fetongi iá, ʻo totongi ʻosi ʻa e moʻua ʻo e Siasí.⁹

ʻI he fakalau ʻa e taimí, kuo liliu e founga totongi vahehongofulu ʻa e Kāingalotú tupu mei he liliu e tuʻunga fakaʻekonōmika mo e tūkunga ʻo e Kāingalotú. Naʻe kamata ke fakaʻaongaʻi ʻe he kau taki ʻo e Siasí ha founga ke fikaʻi ʻaki ʻa e lahi ʻo e vahehongofulu naʻe toe ke totongi ʻe he Kāingalotú. Ka neongo ia, ʻi he 1840 tupu, naʻe fakafaingofuaʻi ʻeni ʻo iku fiemaʻu ai ke totongi ʻa e vahehongofulu ʻe taha ʻo ʻenau tupú pe paʻanga hū maí.¹⁰ ʻI heʻene peheé, naʻe liliu ʻa e founga ki hono totongi ʻo e vahehongofulú ʻi ha ngaahi taimi. ʻI he senituli 19, naʻe faʻa foaki ʻe he Kāingalotú ha ʻū koloa ko haʻanau foaki ʻofa, hangē ko e fanga monumanu pe fua ʻo e ngoué. Kamata ʻi Nāvū, ko e Kāingalotu tokolahi ʻi Nāvū naʻa nau foaki ha foʻi ʻaho ʻe taha ʻi he ʻaho ʻe hongofulu kotoa pē ke ngāue ʻi he temipalé pe ngaahi ngāue kehe ʻa e Siasí. Naʻe ʻi ai ha ʻōfisi vahehongofulu mo ha loto ʻataʻatā ʻi Sōleiki Siti mo e ngaahi ʻōfisi ʻo e Siasí ʻi Nāvuú, ke tānaki ki ai ʻa e ʻū koloa kuo foaki ʻofa maí, hangē ko e uité, vesitapoló, koloa fakataú, makakoloá, papá mo e fanga monumanú.¹¹ ʻI he ngaahi kolo takatakai aí, naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi e ngaahi fale tukuʻanga koloa ʻa e kau pisopé ke tānaki ki ai e koloa ʻa e kaingá.¹² ʻI hono fikaʻi ko ia ʻenau vahehongofulu fakataʻú ʻo hangē ko ia ko e fakahā ʻi he 1838, naʻe faʻa lau ʻe he kāingalotu ʻe niʻihi ʻo e Siasí ʻa e ngaahi meʻa hangē ko e tupu ʻi he mahuʻinga ʻo e kelekelé ko ha paʻanga tupu ia, he naʻe tokolahi e kakai naʻe ʻikai haʻanau vāhenga. ʻI he senituli 20, naʻe hoko ʻa e ngāue paʻangá mo e foaki paʻangá ko ha meʻa angamaheni ange.¹³ ʻI he kotoa ʻo e ngaahi liliu ko ʻení, ʻoku kei hoko pē ʻa e vahehongofulú ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi founga mahino taha ʻoku fakakakato ʻaki ʻe he Kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻa e fekau ke fakatapui ʻenau moʻuí ki he ngāue ʻa e ʻOtuá. ʻOku fakaʻaongaʻi e paʻanga vahehongofulú ʻi he ʻahó ni ke langa ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi temipalé mo e ʻapisiasí, tokoni ki he fekumi ki he hisitōlia fakafāmilí, vahevahe e ongoongoleleí mo e niʻihi kehé, pea mo fakahoko e tokoni ʻofa fakaetangatá.

Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga Tokoni ʻa e Siasí

“Part 2: 8 July–29 October 1838,” ʻi he Mark Ashurst-McGee, David W. Grua, Elizabeth A. Kuehn, Brenden W. Rensink, and Alexander L. Baugh, eds., Documents, Volume 6: February 1838–August 1839. Voliume 6 ʻo e Document series ʻo e The Joseph Smith Papers, naʻe fakatonutonu ʻe Ronald K. Esplin, Matthew J. Grow, mo Matthew C. Godfrey (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press, 2017), 169–90.

Steven C. Harper, “‘The Tithing of My People’: D&C 119, 120,” ʻi he Matthew McBride and James Goldberg, eds., Revelations in Context: The Stories behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants (Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 2016), 250–55.

Ngaahi Tefito Fekauʻakí: Consecration and Stewardship [Fakatapuí mo e Lakanga Tauhí], United Firm (“United Order”) [Kautaha Uouongatahá], Kirtland Safety Society [Sosaieti Maluʻi ʻo Ketilaní]

Ngaahi Fakamatalá

1. “Letter from Thomas B. Marsh, 15 February 1838,” ʻi he Elders’ Journal, July 1838, 45, josephsmithpapers.org.

2. “Revelation, 8 July 1838–C [D&C 119],” ʻi he Joseph Smith, Journal, March–September 1838, 56, josephsmithpapers.org; spelling standardized.

3. Vakai ki he Tefito: Consecration and Stewardship [Fakatapuí mo e Lakanga Tauhí].

4. Vakai ki he Tefito: United Firm (“United Order”) [Kautaha Uouangatahá].

5. “Revelation, 8 July 1838–C [D&C 119],” ʻi he Joseph Smith, Journal, March–September 1838, 56.

6. Historical Introduction to “Revelation, 8 July 1838–D [D&C 120],” ʻi he Mark Ashurst-McGee, David W. Grua, Elizabeth A. Kuehn, Brenden W. Rensink, and Alexander L. Baugh, eds., Documents, Volume 6: February 1838–August 1839. Voliume 6 ʻo e Document series ʻo e The Joseph Smith Papers, naʻe fakatonutonu ʻe Ronald K. Esplin, Matthew J. Grow, and Matthew C. Godfrey (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press, 2017), 189–90.

7. Vakai ki he Tefito: Opposition to the Early Church [Fakafepaki ʻi he Kamataʻanga ʻo e Siasí]

8. Lorenzo Snow, ʻi he Deseret Evening News, May 18, 1899, 2; vakai foki ki he Teachings of Presidents of the Church: Lorenzo Snow (Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 2012), 157.

9. “Vahehongofulú, ko ha Fono ki Hotau Maluʻí pea mo ʻEtau Fakalakalaká,” ʻi he Ngaahi Akonaki ʻa e Kau Palesiteni ʻo e Siasí: Lolenisou Sinou (2012), 157–159; “Talangofua ki he Fono ʻo e Vahehongofulú,” ʻi he Ngaahi Akonaki ʻa e Kau Palesiteni ʻo e Siasí: Siosefa F. Sāmita (1998), 275–277.

10. ʻI ha tohi ʻa Pīsope Niueli K. Uitenī ʻi he 1838, naʻe fakamatalaʻi ai ʻe Pīsope ʻEtuate Patilisi, koeʻuhí ke fenāpasi mo e ngaahi fakahā ki he vahehongofulú, naʻe fiemaʻu ai ke fakatapui ʻe he Kāingalotú ʻi he taimi pē ko iá, ʻa e ngaahi tupu kotoa pē ʻi he kelekelé mo e ngaahi koloá ki he Siasí—ko hono ʻuhingá, ko ha meʻa pē he ʻikai ke nau fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he taimi pē ko iá. ʻI he muimui ki he “fuofua vahehongofulu” ko iá, te nau totongi leva ʻa e pēseti ʻe 10 ʻo e pēseti ʻe 6 ʻo e paʻanga ʻoku nau maʻú ʻi he taʻu takitaha. ʻI he 1841 ʻi Nāvū, naʻe liliu ʻa e founga ko ʻení ʻo nau foaki ʻa e vahe hongofulu ʻe taha ʻo e paʻanga ʻoku maʻu ʻe ha Kāingalotu ʻi he kamata hono langa ʻo e Temipale Nāvuú pe ko e taimi ne nau kau ai ki he Siasí pea pēseti leva ʻe 10 ʻo ʻenau tupú pe paʻanga hū maí hili ʻa e taʻu ko iá. Naʻe hili ha ngaahi taimi, naʻe hokohoko atu hono fai ʻe he kau taki ʻo e Siasí ha ngaahi fakatonutonu mo ha ngaahi liliu ʻo fakatatau mo e fiemaʻú. (Tohi ʻa Edward Partridge kia Newel K. Whitney, July 24, 1838, ʻi he Reynolds Cahoon letter to Newel K. Whitney, July 23, 1838, Church History Library, Salt Lake City; Brigham Young and others, “Baptism for the Dead,” Times and Seasons, Dec. 15, 1841, 626.)

11. Leonard J. Arrington, Great Basin Kingdom: Economic History of the Latter-day Saints, 1830–1900 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1958), 18. Ko e fuofua fakamatala paʻanga ʻa e Siasí kuo pulusí, ʻoku maʻu ʻi he “Seventh General Epistle of the Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints from Great Salt Lake Valley, to the saints scattered throughout the Earth,” Deseret News, May 1, 1852.

12. Nephi Relief Society minutes, Sept. 1, 1870, in Jill Mulvay Derr, Carol Cornwall Madsen, Kate Holbrook, and Matthew J. Grow, eds., The First Fifty Years of Relief Society: Key Documents in Latter-day Saint Women’s History (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press, 2016), 361.

13. James B. Allen and Glen Leonard, The Story of the Latter-day Saints (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Company, 1992), 453–455.